Bilateral extensive idiopathic apical root resorption in supraerupted maxillary molars: a case report

Multiple idiopathic external root resorptions of permanent teeth are an infrequent phenomenon. A case report of a patient with multiple idiopathic external apical root resorptions is presented. This case is unusual in that extensive resorption is found bilaterally in supraerupted maxillary molar teeth. The pattern of severe resorption affecting only maxillary supraerupted teeth appears to be unique. No significant systemic, dental, or familial findings could be identified as a possible cause.     

Impact of individualized nutritional counseling on infant and young child feeding practices

BackgroundImproper complementary feeding practices are common in India, thus leading to malnutrition. The objective was to compare complementary feeding practices of mothers with children aged between 6 months and 2 years before and after individualized nutritional counseling.MethodsThis before-and-after interventional study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital between June 2018 and August 2018 on 30 mothers attending an immunization clinic. Feeding practices were assessed using interview techniques with the Breastfeeding Promotion Network of India Maharashtra checklist for Complementary Food Counseling (Diet Audit), and scoring was carried out. Baseline data included history of inclusion of items from food groups such as cereals; pulses; vitamins A, C, and D; vegetables/fruits; milk/dairy products; non-vegetarian items; and iron-rich foods; and consumption of baby feeds and junk foods. Individualized counseling was given to all study subjects, which lasted for 30–40 min. Models of various food items were shown to mothers. Feeding practices were reassessed after 4 weeks of one-to-one counseling.ResultsFeeding by mothers improved significantly in the form of items from the total number of groups from 4.3 (1.4) to 5.6 (1.3) after nutritional counseling (p: 0.001). Consumption of junk foods decreased significantly from 4.3 (2.8) to 2.6 (1.8; p: 0.001) and baby foods decreased from 0.8 (0.7) to 0.2 (0.4; p: 0.001).ConclusionIndividualized nutritional counseling of mothers can improve complementary feeding practices and ensure food diversification.     

A case report of children of the same family presenting with congenital cataract- as part of a rare genetic disorder—Sengers Syndrome

Sengers syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive mitochondrial disorder characterized by congenital cataract, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and mitochondrial myopathy. We report two siblings with known mutation for Sengers Syndrome (AGK gene mutation) who presented to us with cataract and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. They have a deceased elder sibling who was operated for cataract earlier.     

Relationship between nocturnal intraocular pressure-related peak recorded by contact lens sensor and disease progression in treated glaucomatous eyes

Purpose:The aim of this study is to study the association between Nocturnal Intraocular Pressure (IOP) related Peak recorded by a Contact Lens Sensor (CLS) and glaucoma progression in treated glaucomatous eyes.Methods:Institutional study in which forty glaucoma patients were recruited from glaucoma clinic. A total of 19 patients were labeled as progressors on current anti-glaucoma treatment despite controlled day time IOP whereas twenty one patients were clinically stable showing no progression. Worse eye of each patient was selected for placement of CLS. The timing of the highest signal (IOP related peak) was noted in 24 hour CLS graph and if it fell within the time frame of 11 pm to 5 am, it was labeled as ''nocturnal IOP related peak''.Results:Progressors were found to be significantly more prone to night spike than Non Progressors (χ² = 6.812; n = 40; P = 0.009), thus, showing a definite association between the two. Association between Nocturnal IOP related peak and various other variables like age, gender, mean daytime IOP and systemic illness was studied. A positive correlation was established between female gender and Nocturnal IOP related spike with a significantly higher proportion of females showing night spike than their male counterparts (χ² = 5.763; n = 40; P = 0.016). Other parameters did not show any significant relationship with Nocturnal IOP related spike.Conclusion:Dynamic 24 hour recording by CLS is beneficial in detecting nocturnal IOP-related peak, and thus, can potentially improve the clinical care of glaucoma patients, especially those showing progression.     

Integrating binocular vision assessment in refractive surgery work-up: Proposition and protocol

Refractive surgeries are one of most commonly performed surgeries for correcting visual impairment due to refractive errors. With the increase in demand for refractive surgeries, there is an enormous strain on the operating surgeon for delivering ideal outcomes i.e 20/20 visual acuity. Regression, under-correction and ectasia are the most dreaded complications post-refractive correction, for the surgeon as well as the patient. They have significant effects on the quantity of the vision and most importantly on the quality of life of the patient. With the advent of digital era and jobs requiring the eyes being glued to the screen for hours there has been a surge in the patients presenting with complaints of asthenopia, glare, halos, and difficulty in focusing; pointing towards diagnosis of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies (NSBVA). NSBVA in a postrefractive surgery patient may masquerade as regression or under-correction. However, timely diagnosis of NSBVA in such patients would prevent the greater harm caused by wrongful re-correction. Home- and office-based vision therapy results in improvement in visual acuity in a large majority of these patients. This preferred practice pattern intends to guide the refractive surgeons to diagnose and treat the postrefractive surgery NSBVA following a case-based and algorithmic approach. It also emphasizes the inclusion of the binocular vision assessment as a part of the pre-operative workup for patients undergoing refractive procedures.     

Effect of rutin on retinal VEGF,TNF-α, aldose reductase,and total antioxidant capacity in diabetic rats: molecular mechanism and ocular pharmacokinetics

International Ophthalmology - The current study was conducted to explore the potential of rutin in preventing sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy. Wistar albino rats (either sex) weighing...