北京市计划生育困难人群不良情绪状况及相关因素

目的 了解北京市计划生育困难人群不良情绪特点及相关影响因素,为有针对性进行干预提供依据。方法 采用方便抽样法抽取北京市人口计划生育委员会登记的“计划生育困难家庭”295人和一般对照家庭112人进行一般情况和不良情绪问卷调查。结果 计划生育困难组焦虑、抑郁、孤独、生理不良和总体不良情绪维度得分分别为（2.66±0.75）、（2.64±0.88）、（2.02±0.95）、（2.25±0.80）和（2.29±0.75）分,高于正常对照组的（2.37±0.91）、（2.35±0.89）、（1.64±0.71）、（1.92±0.58）和（2.01±0.54）分,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;不孕组焦虑、抑郁、敌对、恐惧、不良生理和总体不良情绪维度得分高于子女重病伤残组,不孕组抑郁维度得分高于失独组,失独组恐惧和生理不良维度得分高于子女重病伤残组（均P<0.05）;经济状况较差组和经济状况一般组焦虑、抑郁、孤独、不良生理和总体不良情绪维度得分高于经济状况较好组,差异均有统计意义（均P<0.05）,但在恐惧维度上,经济状况一般组[（2.39±1.14）分]高于较好组[（1.99±0.97）分],差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;计划生育困难组中,女性抑郁和敌对维度得分分别为（2.79±1.10）和（2.12±1.04）分,高于男性的（2.51±1.06）和（1.97±1.03）分,高中及以下学历者焦虑和孤独维度得分分别为（2.73±2.64）和（2.08±0.95）分,高于大专及以上学历者的（2.50±1.12）和（1.86±0.93）分,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论 计划生育困难人群不良情绪较一般人群突出,不同生育创伤、性别、经济状况、学历计划生育困难人群的不良情绪表现及程度有差异。     

帕金森病外科定位手术的解剖学基础及其临床应用

帕金森病在老龄化社会的发病率很高,是常见的神经系统退行性疾病之一。毁损过度兴奋的内侧苍白球和底丘脑是外科定位手术治疗帕金森病的解剖学基础,单侧苍白球毁损术对控制进展性的帕金森病及药物治疗无效的患者有作用,术后生活质量有明显的改善。尽管底丘脑核团深部刺激术的解剖学基础仍需进一步研究并存有争议,但Krack等采用“联合PD分级标准”(UPDRS)临床评价量表对49例行底丘脑深部刺激术患者术后5年的长期观察发现,术后运动总评分提高54%(P<0.001)。通过单侧苍白球毁损术及底丘脑深部刺激术治疗帕金森病具有较好的临床效果。     

Does Atrial Fibrillation Beget Ventricular Fibrillation in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction?

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased mortality and a higher complication rate postmyocardial infarction (MI), but the exact mechanisms are unknown. We investigated whether AF predisposes to ventricular arrhythmia in postmyocardial infarct patients, thereby accounting for increased mortality. Methods: Five hundred consecutive patients admitted to our coronary care unit with acute MI were monitored for in‐hospital arrhythmias. Detailed information was also compiled on past history, co‐morbidities, electrolyte disturbances, drug therapies, and ejection fraction. Mortality data were collected for an average of 5.5 years. Results: The results have shown that the incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) is much greater in patients presenting with AF (P = 0.03) and multivariate analysis has shown that AF is independently associated with the development of VF. This association occurs principally in patients who are admitted with AF (P = 0.01) rather than those who develop it during their admission, although these patients are also at mildly increased risk. The increased incidence of VF does account for increased mortality in the AF patients but does not explain all of their excess risk. There was no association between AF and ventricular tachycardia (VT); P = 0.50. Conclusions: In conclusion, AF on admission to the hospital with acute MI is associated with an increased risk of VF and subsequent mortality.     

血清白细胞介素2检测在恶性腹水白细胞介素2治疗中的应用

目的 对恶性腹水患者血清白细胞介素2(IL-2)水平进行测定,了解血清IL-2水平与腹腔灌注IL-2治疗疗效之间的关系,以期获得判定恶性腹水IL-2治疗疗效的指标。方法 54例恶性非肝癌性腹水患者均接受IL-2腹腔灌注治疗,治疗前应用ELISA法检测血清IL-2水平,将IL-2测定值较高的27例患者分为A组,IL-2测定值较低的27例患者分为B组。比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果 血清IL-2测定值较低组IL-2腹腔灌注治疗的有效率为77.8％(21/27),明显高于IL-2测定值较高组的51.9％(14/27,P<0.05)。结论 恶性腹水患者IL-2腹腔灌注治疗前血清IL-2水平高低与IL-2治疗的疗效明显相关,原有IL-2水平较低的患者IL-2腹腔灌注治疗的疗效较好。血清IL-2水平可作为判定IL-2腹腔灌注治疗疗效的指标。