全院PACS／HIS中影像科室工作流程的优化

在PACS实施中，合理构建影像科室工作流程是关键环节。取消预约、等片，在专业级显示器上进行读片和书写检查诊断报告，集中登记和打印检查诊断报告等工作流程在文中得到阐述。     

Diastematomyelia presenting as progressive weakness in an adult after spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Diastematomyelia is uncommon and rarely presents in adulthood. This report draws attention to the fact that patients who underwent spinal fusion for deformity before the widespread use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may have unrecognized spinal cord abnormalities. This should be considered if revision surgery is contemplated. PURPOSE: This case report focuses on the late presentation of lower-extremity weakness in a 44-year-old woman with a split cord malformation (diplomyelia), diastematomyelia and tethered cord syndrome. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: METHODS: The patient underwent instrumented posterior spinal fusion with a Harrington rod as a child for progressive thoracolumbar scoliosis. As an adult, she developed paraparesis after a traumatic event.The patient underwent decompressive laminectomy, subtotal resection of the old fusion mass and resection of the osseous septum. Postoperatively, an anterior spinal fluid leak in the lower thoracic region required repeated fascial grafting, resection of a pseudomeningocele and reverse left latissimus dorsi flap transfer. The leak was controlled, and the patient had near complete resolution of her paraparesis 1 year after her surgery. RESULTS: The case described herein is unusual in that patients with diplomyelia and diastematomyelia rarely are symptomatic in adulthood. However, trauma may precipitate the onset of neurologic symptoms. This patient underwent spinal surgeries to address deformity, pain and progressive lower-extremity weakness. Preoperative CT and MRI studies showed a split cord malformation and diastematomyelia at L1-L2 with spinal stenosis and tethering of both hemicords. CONCLUSIONS: Progressive weakness without any previous neurologic deficit or neurocutaneous stigmas of an underlying spinal cord abnormality may develop in the adult with unrecognized diastemotomyelia. This case demonstrates that a thorough preoperative workup of patients with complex spinal deformities is imperative.     

腹膜透析患者腹透液中细胞因子水平的研究

目的　研究不卧床持续性腹膜透析 (CAPD)患者腹透液中转移生长因子 β1 (TGF β1 )水平及影响因素对腹膜小分子物质清除功能的影响。方法　测定CAPD患者血浆中和腹透液中TGF β1 、IL 6、TNF、CRP(C反应蛋白 )水平 ;同时统计CAPD患者腹透液葡萄糖含量、交换量、次数、留腹时间及腹膜炎次数 ;计算CAPD患者KpT V、Cpcr。结果　CAPD患者血浆中IL 6、TNF、CRP水平均明显高于正常健康人 ,P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1;透析第 12月 (KpT V +Cpcr) 2较第 3月下降超过 10 %的CAPD患者其腹透液中TGF β1、IL 6、TNF、CRP、葡萄糖浓度、腹膜炎次数均较对照组明显升高 ,P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1;腹透液中TGF β1 与IL 6、TNF、CRP、腹透液中葡萄糖浓度呈正相关 ,P <0 ..0 5～ 0 .0 1,与腹膜炎次数无关 ;腹透液中CRP与葡萄糖浓度、腹膜炎次数呈正相关 ,P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1,与腹膜交换量、次数、留腹时间无关。结论　CAPD患者体内确实存在慢性炎症状态 ,其炎症标志性因子CRP与腹透液葡萄糖浓度、腹膜炎次数有关 ,CAPD患者腹膜物质转运功能丧失与TGF β1 、IL 6、TNF、CRP升高有关。     

前臂桡侧复合血管网皮瓣的临床应用

目的　报道前臂桡侧神经血管复合岛状皮瓣的解剖方法及临床应用效果。　方法　对手部创面及瘢痕挛缩以该皮瓣进行修复 2 2例 2 3处 ,切取皮瓣面积最大 13cm× 6cm ,最小 8cm× 4cm ,旋转点至皮瓣顶端最长 2 2cm ,旋转点设计在鼻烟窝或其近端 ,蒂部及皮瓣下筋膜中含有桡神经浅支、头静脉及桡动脉鼻烟窝上行支 ,含或不含前臂外侧皮神经。　结果　临床应用 2 2例 2 3块皮瓣 ,其中皮瓣全部成活 2 2块 ,部分坏死 1块。术后随访 1～ 3个月 ,成活的皮瓣质地优良 ,外观比较满意。　结论　前臂桡侧复合皮瓣的临床应用 ,皮瓣切取面积大 ,旋转点更远 ,可达手部较远端创面 ,给手部创面的修复提供了一种新选择。     

夜间电子生物阻抗测量装置对阴茎勃起功能障碍的检测

目的 :探讨夜间电子生物阻抗测量装置 (NEVA)在阴茎勃起功能障碍的诊断中的应用价值。方法 :对 4 1例主诉阴茎勃起功能障碍者 (障碍组 ) 19例主诉无勃起功能障碍但有射精障碍者 (无障碍组 )进行NEVA检测。结果 :障碍组夜间试验中的夜间勃起的次数、阴茎勃起的最大体积改变、最长持续时间等客观指标均要差于无障碍组 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :NEVA为非侵入性检测、可鉴别心理性阴茎勃起功能障碍和严重的器质性勃起功能障碍 ,且对勃起功能障碍的定性和定量具有一定的客观性。     

动脉硬化性脑白质病的CT表现与临床分析

目的 :探讨动脉硬化性脑白质病的临床与CT表现特点。方法 :收集 10 0例动脉硬化性脑白质病的临床与CT资料进行综合分析。结果 :10 0例的CT表现为 :弥漫性脑白质低密度改变 ,主要分布在双侧脑室旁及半卵圆中心白质区 ,病灶多呈条带状及月晕状。合并脑萎缩 90例 ;脑梗塞 76例 ,其中 2 5例有大的梗塞灶 ,其余为腔隙性梗塞 ;脑出血 9例 ,其中位于壳核 5例 ,丘脑 3例 ,小脑 1例 ;有 15例伴发基底节区软化灶。增强扫描 8例 ,显示病灶无明显增强。结论 :动脉硬化性脑白质病是发生于老年人的缺血性脑血管病 ,高血压动脉硬化是其主要发病因素。     

干部门诊就诊质量的影响因素与对策

对900例干部门诊中的就诊患者进行问卷调查分析,探讨干部门诊就诊质量的各种影响因素,提出干预措施,在提高患者就诊质量的前提下节省卫生资源.     

舒利迭加无创通气治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床研究

目的探讨舒利迭(吸入型肾上腺皮质激素与长效β2-受体激动剂的预混制剂)联合双水平气道正压通气(B iPAP)对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的治疗作用。方法稳定期COPD病人52例,舒利迭TM50/250,1吸/次,2次/d;B iPAP,吸气压力(IPAP)10~20cm H2O,呼气压力(EPAP,也称PEEP)3~6cm H2O,吸氧浓度(FiO2)3L/m in,每天夜间通气6~8h。观察治疗前、治疗后12周病人临床症状、生活质量、健康状态和肺功能。结果治疗前、治疗后12周病人的临床症状、急性加重次数及严重程度、健康状态和生活质量、肺功能等指标比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论舒利迭联合B iPAP治疗稳定期COPD病人能够明显改善其症状,提高生活质量,有一定的临床应用价值,对减缓COPD病人肺功能下降有积极意义。     

Balloon dilation for ureteral stricture with stone fragments after ESWL]

We treated 5 cases of severe hydronephrosis with balloon dilation. Those hydronephrosis were due to the ureteral stricture with small stone fragments after ESWL (Lithostar). In each case, in situ ESWL had been done on a long-lodged ureteric stone with severe hydronephrosis. And even after the disintegration of stone with ESWL, hydronephrosis remained due to ureteral stricture with small stone fragments. Balloon dilation was done through percutaneous nephrostomy tract in 4 cases and via retrograde transurethral routine in 1 case. Balloon dilation catheter (7 fr. 6 mm diameter 4-10 cm length, Bard Co.) was used. There was no need for stone extraction. After dilation, ureteric stents (8.2/7 fr.) were kept in place for 4-8 weeks. Intravenous urogram was taken on 4-8 weeks after removing ureteric stents. In all of the 5 cases, improvement of hydronephrosis was remarkable. And there was no residual stone fragments in 4 cases. It is concluded that balloon dilation for ureteral stricture with stone fragments after ESWL is very useful. For the valid evaluation of balloon dilation, further experience and longer observation are requisite.