广金钱草资源调查与药材质量评价

目的:对我国广金钱草资源进行调查,并对不同产地药材质量进行评价,为广金钱草资源的可持续利用、合理开发以及规范化种植提供科学依据.方法:资源调查采用查阅文献、走访调查和现地调查相结合的方法进行,药材质量评价采用高效液相色谱法测定夏佛塔苷含量并进行统计分析.结果:广金钱草野生药用植物资源正逐步减少,部分地区很难找到野生资源.人工栽培广金钱草技术不完善、药材质量参差不齐,影响广金钱草进一步的开发和综合利用.结论:应该加大保护资源的力度,保护广金钱草的生态环境,促进其种群恢复.同时,应该尽快建立GAP基地,完善人工栽培、加工技术,满足市场对广金钱草药材的需求.     

异氟烷对幼小鼠自主活动和学习记忆行为的影响

目的观察异氟烷(Iso)对幼小鼠自主活动和学习记忆行为的影响,探讨其与γ-氨基丁酸A受体(GABAA)的关系。方法 360只小鼠分为3大组,分别进行自主活动实验、避暗实验和跳台实验,每大组按分层随机区组设计分为正常对照组,Iso 0.05,0.1和0.2 ml·kg-1组、GABAA受体特异性阻断剂一叶萩碱(Sec)2,4和8 mg.kg-1组和Iso 0.2 m.lkg-1+Sec 2,4和8 mg.kg-1组。小鼠sc给予Sec 10 min后,再ip给予Iso,测试给药后15,30,45和60 min小鼠5 min内活动次数;跳台仪和避暗仪记录小鼠步入、跳下的潜伏期和错误次数。结果与同一时间点的正常对照组相比,Iso可减少小鼠自主活动次数,给予Iso后1 d小鼠避暗实验和跳台实验的步入和跳下潜伏期缩短以及错误次数增加(P<0.05)。正常小鼠单独给Sec(除Sec 8 mg·kg-1组15 min外)对小鼠自主活动、步入和跳下潜伏期和错误次数无明显影响,但Sec可改善Iso导致的小鼠自主活动次数,拮抗Iso对小鼠自主活动的影响,但随着时间延长拮抗作用逐渐减弱,明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。Sec延长Iso小鼠的跳下和步入潜伏期,减少错误次数,基本恢复至正常对照组水平,明显改善Iso对幼小鼠学习记忆的影响(P<0.05)。结论 Iso可降低幼小鼠自主活动次数,损害学习记忆能力,GABAA受体可能部分参与了以上作用。     

挤出造粒、气流包衣法制备包衣微粒剂.V.去羟肌苷肠溶微粒的制备和药动学研究

用挤出造粒、气流包衣法研制了去羟肌苷肠溶微粒,药物在0.1mol/L盐酸中2h不降解,在pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液中10min的释放率达75%以上.Beagle犬体内的药动学研究证明,制得的去羟肌苷肠溶微粒相对生物利用度是去羟肌苷分散片的169%.     

肝衰竭与肝硬变继发感染637例临床分析

探讨肝衰竭、肝硬变患者继发感染的部位、病原及其与预后的关系。收集我院199例肝衰竭和438例肝硬变患者临床资料并进行分析。肝衰竭、肝硬变患者继发感染率分别为43.72%和23.06%,常见的感染部位依次是肺炎、自发性腹膜炎、胆管感染、败血症、尿路感染、其他感染;病原菌检出率45.45%,依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、阴沟杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肠球菌、真菌、其他病原体;肝衰竭患者合并感染的死亡率63.22%,未合并感染的死亡率30.36%;肝硬变患者合并感染的死亡率23.06%,未合并感染的死亡率3.56%,合并感染的患者死亡率均显著高于未合并感染者（P＜0.05）。肝衰竭、肝硬变患者容易继发感染,肺炎、腹膜炎、胆管感染、败血症和尿路感染等是常易出现继发的感染。继发感染的病原体复杂多样,是导致患者死亡的主要因素。     

“Pincer movement”: Reversing cisplatin resistance based on simultaneous glutathione depletion and glutathione S-transferases inhibition by redox-responsive degradable organosilica hybrid nanoparticles

The therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin has been restricted by drug resistance of cancers. Intracellular glutathione (GSH) detoxification of cisplatin under the catalysis of glutathione S-transferases (GST) plays important roles in the development of cisplatin resistance. Herein, a strategy of “pincer movement” based on simultaneous GSH depletion and GST inhibition is proposed to enhance cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Specifically, a redox-responsive nanomedicine based on disulfide-bridged degradable organosilica hybrid nanoparticles is developed and loaded with cisplatin and ethacrynic acid (EA), a GST inhibitor. Responding to high level of intracellular GSH, the hybrid nanoparticles can be gradually degraded due to the break of disulfide bonds, which further promotes drug release. Meanwhile, the disulfide-mediated GSH depletion and EA-induced GST inhibition cooperatively prevent cellular detoxification of cisplatin and reverse drug resistance. Moreover, the nanomedicine is integrated into microneedles for intralesional drug delivery against cisplatin-resistant melanoma. The in vivo results show that the nanomedicine-loaded microneedles can achieve significant GSH depletion, GST inhibition, and consequent tumor growth suppression. Overall, this research provides a promising strategy for the construction of new-type nanomedicines to overcome cisplatin resistance, which extends the biomedical application of organosilica hybrid nanomaterials and enables more efficient chemotherapy against drug-resistant cancers.KEY WORDS: Cancer therapy, Cisplatin, Drug resistance, Glutathione depletion, Glutathione S-transferases, Disulfide bonds, Organosilica hybrid nanoparticles, Ethacrynic acid     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy endows CD9 with prognostic value that differs between tumor and stromal areas in patients with pancreatic cancer

BackgroundThe selective pressure imposed by chemotherapy creates a barrier to tumor eradication and an opportunity for metastasis and recurrence. As a newly discovered stemness marker of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the impact of CD9 on tumor progression and patient''s prognosis remain controversial.MethodsA total of 179 and 211 PDAC patients who underwent surgical resection with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, respectively, were recruited for immunohistochemical analyses of CD9 expression in both tumor and stromal areas prior to statistical analyses to determine the prognostic impact and predictive accuracy of CD9.ResultsThe relationship between CD9 and prognostic indicators was not significant in the non‐neoadjuvant group. Nevertheless, CD9 expression in both tumor (T‐CD9) and stromal areas (S‐CD9) was significantly correlated with the clinicopathological features in the neoadjuvant group. High levels of T‐CD9 were significantly associated with worse OS (p = 0.005) and RFS (p = 0.007), while positive S‐CD9 showed the opposite results (OS: p = 0.024; RFS: p = 0.008). Cox regression analyses identified CD9 in both areas as an independent prognostic factor. The T&S‐CD9 risk‐level system was used to stratify patients with different survival levels. The combination of T&S‐CD9 risk level and TNM stage were accurate predictors of OS (C‐index: 0.676; AIC: 512.51) and RFS (C‐index: 0.680; AIC: 519.53). The calibration curve of the nomogram composed of the combined parameters showed excellent predictive consistency for 1‐year RFS. These results were verified using a validation cohort.ConclusionNeoadjuvant chemotherapy endows CD9 with a significant prognostic value that differs between tumor and stromal areas in patients with pancreatic cancer.     

基于数据挖掘的魏连波教授治疗慢性肾衰的临床用药规律分析

目的 探究魏连波教授治疗慢性肾衰的临床用药规律。方法 基于中医传承辅助平台V2.5软件构建数据库,采用软件集成的数据挖掘方法,对处方中方剂的证候、药物频次、组方规律等进行分析。结果 符合纳入标准的处方有396张,涉及125味中药。药物四气主要为温、寒、平和热;药物五味主要为苦、甘、辛和酸;药物归经主要为脾、胃、肝、肺和肾。证候以脾肾亏虚为本,湿浊毒瘀为标。丹参、白术、大黄、川芎、姜半夏、砂仁、党参、陈皮、黄连、干姜、牛膝、杜仲是核心药物群,以健脾和胃、活血化瘀、补益肝肾药为主。结论 魏连波教授治疗慢性肾衰遵循扶正祛邪、标本兼治的法则,温寒平热药并用,多应用健脾活血、补益肝肾药,各药配伍共奏补脾益肾、清利湿热、化浊的效果。     

广西城乡居民3000例中医体质类型分布调查

目的 初步调查广西成年人中医体质类型分布情况.方法 采用标准化的《中医体质分类与判定自测表》对到我院治未病中心接受体检以及长期在南宁市、武鸣县、钦州市、贺州市生活的成年人共3000例进行问卷调查、评估.结果 3000例被调查者中,平和质612例(20.4％)、痰湿质504例(16.8％)、阳虚质431例(14.3％)、气虚质422例(14.1％)、湿热质353例(11.8％)、阴虚质348例(11.6％)、气郁质159例(5.3％)、血瘀质100例(3.3％)、特禀质71例(2.4％).结论 9种体质在人群中均存在,平和质所占比例较高,男性以痰湿质、湿热质多见,女性以阳虚质、气郁质、阴虚质和气虚质为主.