高效液相色谱仪——电化学检测器测定血浆中去甲肾上腺素

本文报告高效液相色谱仪——电化学检测器测定血浆去甲肾上腺素的方法。2ml血浆在pH8.6环境中用活化的酸性氧化铝吸附,0.1M高氯酸洗脱后进样。流动相的循环利用可提高电化学检测器的稳定性。血浆去甲肾上腺素回收率为75％,检测限为25pg/ml。20例正常人及24例心力衰竭病人血浆去甲肾上腺素浓度分别为140±102pg/ml和814±377Pg/ml,该法稳定可靠、简单,快速易行,可以在临床上常规应用。     

硝苯吡啶对正常人和充血性心衰病人交感神经系统活性和血浆肾素活性的影响

正常人和心衰病人口服20mg硝苯吡啶后血压均下降,正常人的心率、血浆肾素活性和去甲肾上腺素含量无变化,而心衰病人药后心率减慢,血浆去甲肾上腺素含量降低。正常人和心衰病人硝苯吡啶的药峰浓度和药峰时间无显著差异。研究结果提示口服硝苯吡啶片并不引起交感神经系统和肾素——血管紧张素系统的反射性兴奋。     

B超和腹腔镜监测排卵的对照研究

应用Ｂ型实时超声显像连续观察了１０４例卵泡发育及排卵异常的声像图，回顾性分析了各类声像图的特征与诊断价值，部门病例与腹腔镜检查进行了对照，诊断符合率９２％（２４／２６）。本组１０４例中卵泡发育异常５１例（４９％），排卵异常５３例（５１％）。声像图类型分为：１．无卵泡发育型１９．２３％（２０／１０４），２．小卵泡壁厚型２０％（２１／１０４）。３．子宫后位卵泡９．６１％（１０／１０４），４．未破裂卵泡黄素化４１％（４３／１０４），５．卵泡过度发育９．６１％（１０／１０４）。根据Ｂ超监测排卵诊断泡卵发育异常，能指导药物治疗，诊断顽固性不孕症，现已被公认为亿于ＬＨ峰值的监测与基础体温测量的可靠方法之一。     

门静脉高压症脾脏循环影像学检查的意义

常规及前列腺素Ｅ_１（ＰＧＥ_１）间接门静脉数字减影血管造影（ＤＳＡ）与彩色多普勒血流显像（ＣＤＦＩ）是检查脾脏循环影像学改变较理想的检查手段。前者对胃左静脉（ＬＧＶ）、胃短静脉（ＳＧＶ）侧支的显示率分别为７８．３％及３９．１％，脾静脉栓塞率为４．３％，脾静脉逆肝血流率为１７．４％。后者对ＬＧＶ侧支及自发脾肾静脉分流侧支的显示率分别为８７％及８３％。脾静脉的血流时间平均速度（ＴＡＶ）为１０．９１±２．９９ｃｍ／ｓ，当ＬＧＶ及ＳＧＶ侧支曲张严重时，贲门周围血管离断术及胃左腔静脉分流术是较合理的治疗方法；当行涉及脾静脉的分流术时，应首先了解脾静脉内有否栓塞；门静脉系统出现逆肝血流时，应有分流术指征。     

产超广谱β-内酰胺酶细菌感染的耐药性分析

目的:了解产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)细菌感染的发生率及耐药特征,为临床用药提供参考。方法:对我院2001年～2004年分离出的大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌进行ESBLs检测,比较各年感染的发生率,并采用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验。结果:产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌感染发生率呈逐年上升趋势;产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南的耐药率最低,分别为1.9%、2.9%,其次是哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星,分别为26.2%、20.5%和33.6%、35.2%。结论:碳青酶烯类抗生素可作为产ESBLs细菌感染的首选药。     

青蒿鲨烯合酶基因打靶研究

目的通过代谢途径工程调整代谢流向,试图增大转基因青蒿Artemisia annua植株中的青蒿素产量。方法利用青蒿鲨烯合酶(SS)基因、绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因和胞嘧啶脱氨酶(CodA)基因构建基因打靶载体,并通过冻融法将载体导入根癌农杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens。以叶盘法转化青蒿,采用"分段选择法"筛选转基因再生植株。结果对表达GFP基因后发出绿色荧光的转基因植株,采用PCR及PCR产物杂交法,在1棵转基因植株中检测到外源GFP基因,而未检测到内源SS基因。初步证据显示,在转基因青蒿植株中,突变型SS基因已取代野生型SS基因。结论青蒿鲨烯合酶基因打靶已取得初步成功。     

Hemodynamic Changes on Color Doppler Flow Imaging and Intravenous Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound for Assessing Transplanted Liver and Early Diagnosis of Complications

The value of color Doppler flow imaging （CDFI） and intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound （CEUS） for assessing the transplanted liver and early diagnosing complications by examining hemodynamic changes was discussed. Seventy-five patients with orthotopic liver transplantation （OLT） underwent CDFI. The following parameters were measured： peak systolic velocity （PS）, resistance index （RI） and Doppler perfusion index （DPI） of the hepatic artery （HA）, time average velocity （TAV） of portal vein （PV） and velocity of hepatic vein （HV） in different stages postoperation, And 11 patients of them received CEUS. Thirty healthy subjects were enrolled as controls, The results showed that： （1） In 23 patients without obvious complications, TAV of PV within 15 days post-operation was significantly higher than in controls （P〈0.05）, PS and DPI of HA within 7 days postoperation were lower, but RI was higher than in controls （P〈0.05）; （2） When the hepatic artery thrombosis （HAT） occurred, PS and DPI of HA were obviously decreased, but TAV of PV significantly increased like a high saw-tooth wave; （3） While rejection occurred, both TAV of PV and PS of HA were decreased with the increase in RI of HA, and the triphasic wave of HV disappeared and displayed as saw-tooth wave; （4） The incidence of biliary complications in liver transplantation was increased when DPI was reduced; （5） Seven cases of hepatic carcinoma relapse after OLT demonstrated hyperecho in the arterial phase and hypoecho in the portal and later phase on CEUS; （6） In 2 cases of HA thrombus, there was no visualized enhancement in arterial phase of CEUS, but enhancement during the portal vein and parenchymal phase. It was concluded that the hemodynamic changes of PV, HA and HV in the transplanted liver are valuable for assessing the transplanted liver and early diagnosing complications on CDFI and CEUS.