Synthesis of manganese-oxide and palladium nanoparticles co-decorated polypyrrole/graphene oxide (MnO2@Pd@PPy/GO) nanocomposites for anti-cancer treatment

Design and fabrication of novel multifunctional nanomaterials as novel “theranostic nanoagents”with high efficiency and low side effects is important for cancer treatment. Herein, we synthesized manganese-oxide and palladium nanoparticle-co-decorated polypyrrole/graphene oxide (MnO₂@Pd@PPy/GO) nanocomposites, which could be used as a novel “theranostic nanoagent” for cancer treatment. Various spectroscopic and microscopic characterizations of the synthesized MnO₂@Pd@PPy/GO nanocomposites suggest that the nanocomposites are assembled sequentially by graphene oxide, polypyrrole, palladium nanoparticles and manganese-oxide nanoplates. Further research revealed that the nanocomposites had excellent photothermal conversion performance (reached near 50 °C after 10 min of irradiation), pH responsive enzymatic-like catalytic activity and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performance (r₁ = 7.74 mM⁻¹ s⁻¹ at pH 5.0 and glutathione (GSH)). Cell experiments also testified that combined cancer treatment (the viability of cancer cells is 30%) with photothermal therapy (PTT, the viability of cancer cells is 91% only with irradiation) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT, the viability of cancer cells is 74.7% only with nanocomposites) guided by MRI was achieved when the as-prepared nanocomposites were employed as theranostic nanoagents. This work could provide some new ideas for the controllable synthesis and application of multicomponent nanomaterials.

Manganese-oxide and palladium nanoparticle-co-decorated polypyrrole/graphene oxide (MnO₂@Pd@PPy/GO) nanoenzyme composites were synthesized, and could be as a novel “theranostic nanoagent” for cancer treatment due to excellent performance.     

坐姿下不同组织压力性损伤生物力学研究

目的 探讨坐姿下臀部压力性损伤易发部位以及不同软组织的生物力学响应,为有效预防深层组织压力性损伤提供参考。 方法 基于臀部 CT 扫描数据,建立坐位臀部有限元模型,包括骨骼、肌肉、脂肪和皮肤组织及坐垫模型,利用生死单元模拟组织损伤。 对比实验坐垫界面压力测量数据与有限元模拟结果,验证模型有效性。 模拟坐位力学状态,研究软组织的应力、应变情况,分析不同软组织中的压应力及超出极限值后可能造成的损伤情况。结果 通过对比坐垫模型仿真结果与实验界面压力测量结果,证明模型有效。 坐位时坐骨结节下方软组织区域出现应力集中现象。 其中,臀大肌组织中的横向压应力峰值约为 38 kPa,剪切应力峰值约为 3. 4 MPa;而脂肪组织中的最大压应力与剪切应力峰值分别为 22 kPa 与 4. 5 MPa,均未出现在坐骨结节正下方。 结论 软组织受到一定时间和大小的压力载荷作用,可能出现深层组织损伤。 当保持坐姿一定时间后,应及时变换体位,以降低压力性损伤出现的概率。 研究结果为预防压力性损伤提供生物力学依据,具有重要的临床研究价值。     

甲状腺相关眼病患者复视的手术治疗

目的探讨甲状腺相关眼病患者下直肌肥大引起复视的手术治疗时机及效果，并观察下直肌组织病理学改变。方法 对11例因下直肌肥大致复视的甲状腺相关眼病患者行下直肌退后术，术中取下直肌标本行组织病理学检查，术后观察疗效。结果 所有患者术后向下注视及水平注视复视症状消失，眼位基本正常。病理学检查见肌纤维僵硬，肌细胞退变，数目变少，肌内膜，肌束膜及肌外膜大量结缔组织增生，眼外肌增在。结论 甲状腺相关眼病患者下直肌大量纤维结缔组织的增生，肌纤维的变性导致的舒缩功能的降低，可导致复视；行下直肌退后术可消除复视。     

女性失眠患者相关影响因素的研究

目的 探讨影响女性失眠的相关危险因素。方法 采用病例一对照研究和流行病学方法调查女性患者的睡眠情况，其中对照组354例，急性失眠组89例及慢性失眠组356例，并采用多元Logistic回归模型分析影响失眠的因素。结果 焦虑（OR=1．978，P=0．024）、抑郁（OR=2．097，P=0．014）与急性失眠显著相关；焦虑（OR=2．592，P=0．000）、抑郁（OR=3．673，P=0．000）、打鼾（OR=1．637，P=0．006）、饮酒（OR=3．105，P=0．046）与慢性失眠显著相关。结论 女性失眠与焦虑、抑郁、打鼾及饮酒有关。     

嗜酸粒细胞增多性皮炎9例临床分析

目的：探讨嗜酸粒细胞增多性皮炎的临床特征。方法：对1996～2006年间收住院的9例嗜酸粒细胞增多性皮炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：嗜酸粒细胞增多性皮炎以中老年男性为主，病程反复迁延，皮损泛发、多形、剧烈瘙痒，以光泽坚实的红色丘疹、浸润肥厚性斑块、浸润水肿性肿胀颇为特殊。结论：嗜酸粒细胞增多性皮炎以皮肤损害为主，同时存在着内脏器官受累的可能。     

癌基因RhoA对乳腺癌细胞血管内皮生长因子表达的调控机制研究

目的探讨乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231中癌基因Rho A对VEGF蛋白表达和胞外分泌的影响及可能的分子机制。方法将Rho A过表达质粒pc DNA3.0-V14Rho A、对照质粒pc DNA3.0、Rho A沉默质粒pc DNA3.0-shRho A转染到MDA-MB-231细胞中,通过Western blot和ELISA实验分别检测细胞内外VEGF蛋白的表达,通过Western blot和实时PCR方法分别检测Rho A对p53表达的影响及对VEGF的调控作用。均数比较用t检验;计量资料用x^-±s表示,采用方差分析。结果 MDA-MB-231细胞中上调Rho A表达后,胞内VEGF的蛋白表达水平增加;胞外分泌水平显著增加,与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义（F=4.020,P=0.032）;MDA-MB-231细胞中沉默Rho A表达后,胞内VEGF的蛋白表达水平降低;胞外分泌水平显著降低,与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义（F=5.131,P=0.001）;并且与0 h相比,在MDA-MB-231细胞中上调Rho A可以抑制p53的表达（48 h：F=3.231,P=0.043）,而p53表达的降低可以增加VEGF的表达水平（48 h：F=3.226,P=0.015）,均差异具有统计学意义。结论乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231中Rho A表达的变化可以引起胞内外VEGF水平的变化,并且Rho A可能是通过抑制p53的表达从而增加VEGF表达。     

Aqueous extract of Taxus Chinensis (Pilger) Rehd inhibits lung carcinoma A549 cells through the epidermal growth factor receptor/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in vitro and in vivo

Objective

To explore the anticancer mechanism of aqueous extract of Taxus Chinensis (Pilger) Rehd (AETC).

Methods

The serum pharmacological method was used to avoid interference from administration of the crude medicinal herbs. Eight purebred New Zealand rabbits were used for preparation of serum containing various concentrations of AETC. Forty-eight Balb/c-nu mice were used for in vivo experiments. The effects of serum containing AETC on the proliferation of A549 cells and expression levels of the epidermal growth factor receptor/mitogen-activated protein kinase (EGFR/MAPK) pathway-related proteins in vitro were investigated. Additionally, the effects on the growth of A549 xenografts in nude mice, and expression levels of the EGFR/MAPK pathway-related proteins in the xenografts, were investigated.

Results

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed that the serum containing AETC significantly decreased the viability of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot showed that the serum containing various concentrations of AETC strongly reduced the levels of phospho-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinasel/2 (ERK1/2) while it increased the level of p-p38. However, no significant effects on the expression levels of JNK, ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK were found. In addition, an anticancer effect from AETC was observed in vivo in the Balb/c-nu mice bearing A549 xenografts.

Conclusion

AETC has significant effects on the growth of A549 xenografts and on the activity of the EGFR/MAPK pathway. Therefore, AETC may be beneficial in lung carcinoma treatment.     

睑板腺功能障碍引起干眼症的临床观察

目的探讨睑板腺功能障碍引起干眼症的原因及治疗。方法回顾性分析2008～2010年我院收治的睑板腺功能障碍所致干眼症患者103例（206眼）的临床资料;其中男31例,女72例,阻塞性睑板腺功能障碍所致干眼症80例,脂溢性睑板腺功能障碍所致干眼症23例。通过睑缘部的清洗,睑板腺的按摩,眼睑的热敷及局部用药等进行综合治疗。结果80％干眼症病例痊愈,20％病例缓解,无效者为零。总有效率100％。结论睑板腺功能障碍是引起干眼症的主要原因之一。因此,从病因着手进行眼部的综合性治疗,使睑板腺分泌恢复正常、睑板腺导管通畅,有利于泪膜脂质层的稳定性和均匀性,从而恢复泪膜的完整性,使干眼症消除。     

输卵管卵巢脓肿的低场MR诊断

目的探讨输卵管卵巢脓肿(tuboovarian abscess,TOA)的低场MRI表现及诊断价值。资料与方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的26例TOA患者的MRI资料。结果 26例33个TOA,表现为附件区厚壁囊性或囊实性肿块,边界不清,囊内见多房分隔,肿块呈等长T1、长T2信号,信号欠均匀。其中24个脓肿伴积脓或积液扩张的输卵管管状结构,表现为弯曲长管状、腊肠状、糖葫芦状或曲颈瓶状。增强扫描脓肿实性及分隔部分明显强化,囊壁强化,壁厚2.5~20 mm。脓肿与子宫粘连21例,直肠乙状结肠粘连13例,骶前直肠周围脂肪水肿17例,单侧或双侧子宫骶骨韧带增厚15例,盆腔小肠、肠系膜、大网膜及盆壁结构广泛增厚粘连9例。正确诊断30个(90.9%),误诊卵巢癌1例,卵巢巧克力囊肿2例。结论 TOA具有特征性低场MRI表现。低场MRI是一种较理想的检查方法 ,具有较高的诊断价值。