以文化素质教育为切入点推动高等学校素质教育

对10年来的文化素质教育进行简要回顾,文化素质教育经历了发起和探索、推广和提高两个阶段,并带给我们以下启示①推进文化素质教育必须充分认识文化素质的基础地位;②加强文化素质教育必须转变教育思想观念;③理论研究与实践探索相结合促进了文化素质教育.文化素质教育开展10年,成绩喜人,为了巩固成果,深化素质教育,当前应该着重实现人文教育和科学教育的融合、营造文雅的校园文化以及建立健全文化素质教育的保障制度,全面推进素质教育.     

胸苷酸合成酶在膀胱癌组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨膀胱癌（BC）中胸苷酸合成酶（TS）的表达对膀胱癌患者预后的影响。方法采用免疫组化S-P法检测50例膀胱癌石蜡标本中的TS蛋白表达情况。结果TS蛋白在膀胱癌与正常膀胱黏膜中的表达有显著性差异（P＜0．01），与肿瘤低分化、临床病理分期晚期、淋巴结转移密切相关（P＜0．05）。结论TS在膀胱癌中的表达增强可能是膀胱癌患者一个重要的预后指标。     

MVD及VEGF在颅咽管瘤中的表达及其与预后的关系

背景与目的：颅叫管瘤为难治性肿瘤，其预后不良，复发机制尚不清楚。本研究检测颅Ⅱ阏管瘤组织中微血管密度（microvascular density，MVD）及血管内皮生长因子vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF表达．分析其与肿瘤预后等生物学行为的关系。方法：采取前瞻性队列研究方案，经纳入、排除标准筛选卅颅咽管釉质上皮型肿瘤32例、鳞形乳头瘤型肿瘤31例，平均随访843个月，收集原发及复发患者的肿瘤组织标本，应用单克隆抗体CD34、VEGF抗体检测肿瘤组织MVD及VEGF蛋白表达，计算机辅助成像系统对其作出定量分析，分析其与肿瘤复发等生物学行为的关系。结果：VEGF蛋白、MVD计数在颅咽管瘤队列复发组、非复发组间不具有显著性差异（P〉0．05），而在颅咽管瘤不同病理类型间差异则具有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：VEGF蛋白、MVD计数与肿瘤复发无关，不能预测颅咽管瘤复发的危险性，但可为了解肿瘤的同有侵袭性行为提供参考。     

共焦显微镜在角膜病变中应用的新进展

共焦显微镜(confocal microscopy, CM)检查作为一种“活体组织学检查”方法,以其实时、无创、快速、高清的特点,在角膜生理、病理研究及疾病诊断、病情评估、随访等方面显示出优越性,已在眼科临床及科研中得到广泛应用。本文将对CM在感染性角膜疾病、变性性角膜疾病及全身疾病所致角膜病变中应用的新进展作一综述。     

不同公式计算角膜屈光术后白内障患者IOL屈光度的准确性比较

目的：对比观察5种人工晶状体(IOL)计算公式在角膜屈光术后白内障患者IOL屈光度计算中的准确性。

方法：前瞻性系列病例研究。收集2021-09/2023-03就诊于济南明水眼科医院的既往行角膜屈光手术矫正近视的白内障患者23例34眼,其中准分子角膜切削术(PRK)手术史1例1眼,准分子原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)术后22例33眼。白内障术前采用IOL Master 700测量眼生物学参数; Pentacam眼前节分析系统测量角膜真实净屈光力(TNP); 眼前节OCT测量净角膜屈光力(NCP)、角膜后表面屈光力、角膜厚度(CCT)。采用Shammas公式、Haigis-L公式、Potvin-Hill Pentacam公式、OCT公式、Barrett True K公式进行IOL度数计算后综合选择合适的IOL度数。术后1 mo在客观验光的基础上行主觉验光获得术后实际屈光状态,根据术后验光结果计算5种公式的屈光预测误差(RPE),其绝对值为屈光绝对误差(RAE),比较RPE与0的差异及不同公式间RPE、RAE的差异,并统计RAE≤0.5 D、≤1.0 D的眼数所占百分比。

结果：5种公式计算所得的RPE与0比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。5种计算公式的RPE、RAE整体无差异(F=0.554,P=0.696; H=4.402,P=0.354); Potvin-Hill Pentacam公式、Barrett True K公式的RAE在≤0.5 D内的眼占比分别为26眼(76%)、24眼(71%),在≤1.0 D内的眼占比均为33眼(97%)。

结论：Barrett True K 公式、Potvin-Hill Pentacam公式在角膜屈光术后白内障患者IOL屈光度计算中表现出较高的预测性。由于此类人群角膜屈光力存在差异,IOL度数计算问题仍需要进一步研究,临床上建议多种公式综合考虑。     

Ocular surface in patients with different degrees of myopia

AIM: To investigate the clinical features of the ocular surface in patients with different degrees of myopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 122 participants with myopia in Beijing Tongren Hospital from February to June, 2023. After completing the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score scale, measurements were taken for refraction, biometric parameters and ocular surface parameters. The prevalence, severity and related parameters of the dry eye among different groups based on axial length (AL) were compared. Correlation analysis was performed between ocular surface parameters and refraction/biometric measurement parameters. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed in refractive error, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, and subfoveal choroidal thickness among the groups (all P<0.05). With the increase in AL, the incidence and severity of dry eye increased significantly (P<0.05). Moreover, the tear film break-up time (BUT) shortened (P<0.05), and the corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) points increased significantly (P<0.05). OSDI scores were positively correlated with AL and spherical equivalent (SE; both P<0.05); BUT was negatively correlated with AL, SE, and corneal astigmatism (AST; all P<0.05); Schirmer I test (SIT) results were negatively correlated with AL and SE (both P<0.05). CONCLUSION: AL elongation is a risk factor for dry eye onset in myopic participants. The longer the AL, the more severe the dry eye is, with the increased CFS spots and tear film instability. Additionally, SE and AST exhibit negative correlations with dry eye symptom scores and ocular surface parameters.     

Evaluation of the Immunogenicity in Mice Orally Immunized with Recombinant Lactobacillus casei Expressing Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus S1 Protein

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration, is an acute enteric infectious disease of pigs. The disease is caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which infects the intestinal mucosal surface. Therefore, mucosal immunization through the oral route is an effective method of immunization. Lactic acid bacteria, which are acid resistant and bile-salt resistant and improve mucosal immunity, are ideal carriers for oral vaccines. The S1 glycoprotein of PEDV mediates binding of the virus with cell receptors and induces neutralizing antibodies against the virus. Therefore, we reversely screened the recombinant strain pPG-SD-S1/Δupp ATCC 393 expressing PEDV S1 glycoprotein by Lactobacillus casei deficient in upp genotype (Δupp ATCC 393). Mice were orally immunized three times with the recombinant bacteria that had been identified for expression, and the changes of anti-PEDV IgG and secreted immunoglobulin A levels were observed over 70 days. The results indicated that the antibody levels notably increased after oral administration of recombinant bacteria. The detection of extracellular cytokines on the 42nd day after immunization indicated high levels of humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. The above results demonstrate that pPG-SD-S1/Δupp ATCC 393 has great potential as an oral vaccine against PEDV.     

基于QSPR 研究绿原酸类化合物与血清白蛋白的结合

本文选取32个小分子化学成分和9个天然产物化学成分为训练集,利用Dragon软件计算分子描述符,应用WEKA软件中CfsSubsetEval评价方法和BestFirst-D1-N5搜索方法进一步筛选描述符,利用Linear Regression方法建立了分子结构与其血清蛋白结合常数值logK的定量结构-性质相关性模型(相关系数为0.9557)。应用该模型对10个绿原酸类化合物的logK进行预测,结果显示绿原酸的logK预测值为4.51,与文献报道的logK值在4~7范围内基本相符。研究结果为进一步探讨绿原酸与血清蛋白的结合情况提供指导,为研究药物与血清蛋白的结合提供思路。     

驳骨煎剂促进骨折愈合的实验研究

为探讨驳骨煎剂促进骨折愈合的作用机理。选用体重２０－３０ｇ的ＮＩＨ小白鼠１２０只,雌雄各半,随机分为正常组,给药组、对照组。除正常组外,其它各组均采用定点手法折骨术造成小鼠右下肢胫骨中段闭合性骨折,术后７、１４、２１、２８天分批处死小鼠,处死前４８小时,经腹腔注射同一批号０．２ｍｌ＾４５Ｃａ－ＣａＣｌ２溶液,４８小时后,断头取向,并解剖出左右胫骨,测定骨痂生长状况及钙沉 积量的变化。结果显示,给药     

乔振纲老中医治疗癌瘤经验

乔振纲老中医认为癌瘤的基本病机为＂正虚邪实＂。治疗强调整体调理,扶正固本,区分癌瘤不同部位和病程的不同阶段,辨证用药。不能囿于癌灶,不能拘泥一方,更不能不顾体质虚实,一味堆砌解毒抗癌药物。主张轻剂缓图,不能猛浪从事。