重型乙型肝炎的病毒复制状况与病情的关系

目的　了解重型乙型肝炎时乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)的复制状况及其与病情的关系。方法　应用酶联免疫吸附实验和聚合酶链反应测定 172例乙型肝炎病人的HBV复制指标。结果　慢性重型肝炎病人的HBeAg和 /或HBVDNA阳性率明显低于非重型慢性肝炎 (P <0 0 1) ;HBV复制状态与血清转氨酶、总胆红素水平及预后无明显相关性。结论　HBV复制活跃不一定是重型肝炎发生的因素。     

Surgical Mortality, Survival, and Quality of Life after Resection for Gastric Cancer in the Elderly

Although there were some studies on clinicopathologic characteristics, operative morbidity, and mortality in elderly patients with gastric cancer, no reports have specifically focused on survival and quality of life after resection. A total of 433 patients aged ≥ 65 years (1987–1994) who underwent gastric resection for gastric adenocarcinoma were studied. Two groups were considered: patients aged 65 to 74 years and those > 74 years. Most of the patients (78.1%) had advanced diseases, and nearly half (41.3%) had associated chronic disease(s). Resections with curative intention were performed in 362 patients (83.6%). The overall operative morbidity rate was 21.7% and mortality rate 5.1%. Although operative procedures were similar in both groups, patients aged >74 years had a higher mortality rate than those aged 65 to 74 years (10.1% vs. 3.5%; p= 0.034). Age and extent of gastric resection were two independent factors negatively affecting mortality. The cumulative survival rates for patients who underwent curative resection were 86.2%, 72.4%, 67.2%, 62.9%, and 60.0% at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years, respectively. Nearly all patients (96%) after surgery had normal work and daily activities. Some patients appeared to lack energy (16%) or experienced a period of anxiety or depression. There was no statistical difference in survival and quality of life assessed by the Spitzer index after curative resection between the two groups. Therefore resection with curative intention can be performed for the elderly with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates, possible long-term survival, and good quality of life, but a limited operation should be considered in the very elderly patients.     

思密达治疗小儿轮状病毒肠炎临床观察

目的　为了研究思密达治疗小儿轮状病毒肠炎的效果。 方法　 我们于 2 0 0 1年 5月～ 2 0 0 2年 3月在儿科门诊及住院病人中选择了 14 5例 ,随机分为治疗组和对照组 ,6天总有效率分别为 98%和 90 % ,有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。治疗组平均恢复时间为 3d ,对照组为 4d(P <0 0 1) ,同时在主要观察指标治疗组均明显优于对照组 ,两者差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。 结果　提示口服思密达治疗小儿轮状病毒肠炎与对照组疗效相比 ,差异有显著性。 结论　 思密达治疗小儿轮状病毒性肠炎能缩短病程安全有效。     

冠状动脉搭桥术后再狭窄与反义基因的治疗

冠状动脉搭桥手术失败的主要原因是静脉移植物的再狭窄。其中心环节是血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)增生。抑制VSMC的增生以预防静脉移植物的再狭窄是目前心血管研究的热点。本文就反义基因预防静脉移植物再狭窄的原理、优点、反义核酸的设计、反义治疗中必须考虑的问题进行阐述，探讨在分子水平预防冠脉搭桥术的再狭窄的有效方法。     

中药安迪粉针剂的放射增敏作用

目的 探讨安迪粉针剂(Andi)增强电离辐射生物学效应的作用机理。方法 以人食管癌细胞株(ECA l09)为观察对象，采用电镜、流式细胞仪分析、台盼兰染色等方法，分别观察对照、Andi、^60Co—γ线照射和Andi 照射4个组对ECA 109细胞的形态、细胞周期、细胞凋亡和坏死等的影响；并采用改良硫代巴比妥酸荧光法测定丙二醛(MDA)；羟胺法测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)。结果 在乏氧条件下，Andi能引起ECA 109细胞坏死(P＜0．05)，并增加MDA含量(P＜0．05)；而Andi 照射组的作用比单用Andi和单纯照射明显增强(F＝6．53，P＜0．01)；从Andi、照射、Andi照射3个组的光镜和电镜结果发现，ECA l09癌细胞明显变性、坏死、凋亡，但以Andi 照射组的改变更显著；电镜显示Andi组有较多ECA l09细胞存在糖原颗粒堆积。结论Andi可以引起乏氧ECA 109细胞的糖代谢障碍，增加细胞内自由基的产生，引起细胞坏死；Andi与^60Co—γ线合用能进一步促进乏氧细胞坏死，具有协同作用；Andi放射增敏作用的机理可能与其促进癌细胞内自由基产生或影响癌细胞糖代谢有关。     

两种不同补肾方法治疗去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症的对比研究

目的：探讨评价中医药“活血补肾法”与“滋阴补肾法”治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的疗效作用。方法：以反应骨代谢状况的S—Ca，S—P，S—ALP，U—Ca，U—HYP，U—HYP／U—Cr，U—Ca／U—Cr等生化指标，E2、LH、CT等内分泌激素，以及股骨近端骨密度与子宫、肾上腺、股骨近端的组织形态学为观察指标，比较活血补肾的丹仙康骨胶囊与滋阴补肾的六味地黄丸对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症的影响。结果：活血补肾的丹仙康骨胶囊比滋阴补肾的六味地黄丸更能有效的提高模鼠骨密度、降低U—Ca，U—P，U—HYP，U—HYP／U—Cr，U—Ca／U—Cr，同时能提高S—ALP，差异显著。在光镜下观察，活血补肾组、滋阴补肾组其肾上腺皮质、子宫内膜，固有腺体瘦缩都有所减轻，但两组无明显差别。活血补肾组比滋阴补肾组骨干预端软骨骨化较好，骨小梁变粗明显。结论：不同补肾方法对骨重建过程骨吸收与骨形成具有选择性差异。同滋阴补肾的六味地黄丸相比，活血补肾的丹仙康骨胶囊不仅能抑制骨吸收，还能促进骨形成，具有较好的抗骨质疏松作用。     

中草药的免疫作用

综述了中草药的免疫促进作用及抗炎免疫抑制作用，并分别阐述了其免疫有效成分、方剂、作用机理及研究进展。为开发、应用具有免疫作用的中草药提供了重要理论。     

Changes in local cerebral blood flow, glucose utilization, and mitochondrial function following traumatic brain injury in rats

The pathophysiology of secondary brain damage following experimental traumatic brain injury was investigated by measuring local cerebral blood flow (lCBF), local cerebral glucose utilization (lCGU), and activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), which is a mitochondrial enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, in the rat brain after moderate lateral fluid percussion injury. Measurements used autoradiography for lCBF and lCGU with [14C]iodoantipyrine and [14C]2-deoxyglucose, respectively. Regional SDH activity was determined using quantitative imaging of formazan produced from 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride by SDH. lCBF decreased at 1 hour after injury and was significantly lower than the preinjury level in almost all regions of both hemispheres at 6 and 24 hours, and remained low at 2 weeks. lCGU increased 1 hour after injury but was significantly decreased at 6 and 24 hours, and at 2 weeks in most regions of both hemispheres. The ipsilateral hemisphere showed a significant decrease in the activity of SDH in the cortices, hippocampus, thalamus, and caudate/putamen, most conspicuously 72 hours after injury, whereas no significant decrease was observed in the contralateral hemisphere at any time. Necrosis in the injured cortex and reduction of the number of neurons in the ipsilateral hippocampus were observed 2 weeks after injury. The present study showed that a decrease in lCBF and mitochondrial dysfunction occur with glucose hypermetabolism around 1 hour after lateral fluid percussion injury, and that lCBF, lCGU, and mitochondrial function all deteriorate after 6 hours. This suggests that lCBF and cellular metabolism may change dynamically during the several hours following traumatic brain injury, and afterwards neuronal damage may result in an irreversible change in the areas with depressed glucose hypermetabolism in the early period after injury in combination with mitochondrial dysfunction.     

豆蔻挥发油β-环糊精包含工艺研究

目的：研究豆蔻挥发油β环糊精包合的最佳工艺。方法：正交试验法，考察挥发油利用率指标。结果：优选出包合工艺为：豆蔻挥发油：β环糊精1：8，包合温度50℃，包合时间2h，挥发油利用率为79．7％。结论：此工艺适合大生产。     

气质联用法分析炮制对莪术挥发油成分的影响

目的：比较研究醋制对莪术挥发油化学成分及含量的影响。方法：采用GC-MS法进行分析鉴定各挥发油的组分。结果：莪术经炮制后各制品的挥发油含量均有不同程度变化，其组分亦有较大变化。共鉴定出20个化合物，其中12个成分为首次从本品中鉴定，炮制后产生两个新组分4-异丙基苯甲酸、2-甲基-5-(1-甲基乙烯基)-环己酮。结论：莪术醋制后挥发油含量有所下降，由于加热及辅料影响部分组分消失，同时产生新的组分。