上尿路梗阻性急性肾功能不全内、外引流的选择

目的探讨内、外引流在上尿路梗阻急性肾功能不全时的选择和效果。方法25例各种原因引起的上尿路梗阻（15例肿瘤性梗阻,10例非肿瘤性梗阻）合并急性肾功能不全,分别或先后对12例行输尿管内置双J管（doub le J,D J）内引流15次,对19例行经皮肾穿刺造瘘（percutaneous nephrectomy,PCN）外引流23次。结果引流成功23例,PCN外引流成功率86.9%（20/23）,双J管内引流成功率60.0%（9/15）,PCN术后继发出血1例。结论对于盆腹腔进展期或广泛转移肿瘤导致的梗阻,PCN解除梗阻优于输尿管支架内引流;非肿瘤性梗阻宜先尝试D J内引流。     

Synergistic Deposition of C4d by Complement-Activating and Non-activating Antibodies in Cardiac Transplants

The role of non-complement-activating alloantibodies in humoral graft rejection is unclear. We hypothesized that the non-complement-activating alloantibodies synergistically activate complement in combination with complement-activating antibodies. B10.A hearts were transplanted into immunoglobulin knock out (Ig-KO) mice reconstituted with monoclonal antibodies to MHC class I antigens. In allografts of unreconstituted Ig-KO recipients, no C4d was detected. Similarly, reconstitution with IgG1 or low dose IgG2b alloantibodies did not induce C4d deposition. However, mice administered with a low dose of IgG2b combined with IgG1 had heavy linear deposits of C4d on vascular endothelium. C4d deposits correlated with decreased graft survival. To replicate this synergy in vitro, mononuclear cells from B10.A mice were incubated with antibodies to MHC class I antigens followed by incubation in normal mouse serum. Flow cytometry revealed that both IgG2a and IgG2b synergized with IgG1 to deposit C4d. This synergy was significantly decreased in mouse serum deficient in mannose binding lectin (MBL) and in serum deficient in C1q. Reconstitution of MBL-A/C knock out (MBL-KO) serum with C1q-knock out (C1q-KO) serum reestablished the synergistic activity. This suggests a novel role for non-complement-activating alloantibodies and MBL in humoral rejection.     

肝移植后单一拉米夫定干预下HBV再感染及其相关因素分析

目的　探讨在单一拉米夫定 (LMV)干预下乙型肝炎相关性肝病肝移植后HBV再感染的发生 ,并分析其发生的易感因素。方法　随访 1999～ 2 0 0 3年接受肝移植并采用单一LMV防治HBV再感染的 6 3例乙肝相关性肝病患者 ,术后定期进行乙肝标志物、肝功能及HBVDNA定量检测 ,调查HBV再感染发生率并采用Logistic回归分析方法就术前诊断、病毒学资料及抗病毒治疗等分析其可能的易感因素。结果　在不同时期共出现HBV再感染 17例 ;各时间段HBV再感染率分别是 :6个月内9.5 % (6 / 6 3,其中 5例术后HBV标志物一直未阴转 ) ,6个月～ 1年 13.2 % (7/ 5 3) ,1～ 2年 2 7.8% (10 /36 ) ,2～ 3年 4 1.2 % (7/ 17) ,3年以上 6 0 .0 % (3/ 5 ) ;患者术前HBVDNA阳性及长期服用LMV与术后再感染呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而术前诊断、性别、年龄及血清HBsAg和HBeAg状态与HBV再感染则未发现显著相关性。结论　单一LMV预防HBV再感染对大多数肝移植者仍有效 ,但随术后存活时间的延长HBV再感染率呈现上升 ;术前使HBVDNA阴转及建立针对LMV耐药性变异的监测对防治再感染是必要的。     

Effects of penetrating cornea injury combined with seawater immersion on the levels of aqueous humor TNF-α in rabbits

Objective To observe effects of penetrating cornea injury combined with seawater immersion on the levels of aqueous humor TNF-α in rabbits. Methods 10 adult healthy grey rabbits were used for the experiment. The rabbit eye model of comea blast injury was developed by using a single firecracker. For each rabbit, the right eye was the experimental eye (seawater was injected into the anterior chamber through the cornea incision, simulating seawater immersion) and the left eye was the control (treated with 0.9% sodium chloride). Levels of aqueous humor TNF-α were detected by using double-antibody sandwich ELISA on the 1st, 2nd, yrd, 4th, 5th, and 7th days following seawater immersion or 0.9% sodium chloride injection. Results Following development of the model, levels of aqueous humor TNF-α in the experimental eye on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd days were 190.338, 156. 107,117.018 ng/L respectively, and significant differences could be seen when comparisous were made between the experimental and control eyes. The level of aqueous humor TNF-α on the 1st day was the highest and obviously reached the peak. Conclusions Level of aqueous humor TNF-α in the experimental eye with penetrating cornea injury combined with seawater immersion was significantly higher than that of the control eye, indicating that TNF-α was clearly involved in the pathological change and it played an important role in the process.     

顺糖氨铂(Ⅱ)的合成

以氯铂酸钾为原料，经硫酸氨铂(Ⅱ)中间体制得抗肿瘤药物顺糖氨铂(Ⅱ)，操作简便，总收率46．1％。     

应用前臂游离皮瓣折叠法修复大型腭部洞穿性缺损

目的 探讨大型腭部洞穿性缺损修复的方法.方法 2003年至2006年,我们应用前臂游离皮瓣折叠法为7例患者进行了腭部洞穿性缺损修复,共使用皮瓣8块,其中前臂游离皮瓣7块,胸大肌岛状瓣1块.结果 除1例前臂游离皮瓣因动脉栓塞失败外,其余组织瓣完全成活,再造腭部形态良好.患者可经口腔正常进食,并进行基本正常的语言交流.结论 利用前臂游离皮瓣折叠法进行大型腭部洞穿性缺损的修复,是一种有效可行的方法.     

血小板α-颗粒膜蛋白测定与糖尿病微血管病变关系的研究

目的:研究血小板功能与Ⅱ型糖尿病微血管病变两者间的关系,方法:用放射免疫分析法测定的46例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者(有微血管病变20例,无微血管病变26例)和10例健康对照者的血浆CNP-14O浓度和外周血小板计数结果:Ⅱ型糖尿病患者血浆CMP-140浓度较对照组明显增高(P<0.05)有微血管病变组较无微血管病变组明显增高(P<0.001) 糖尿病组与对照组血小板计数无差异(P>0.05)GMP-140水平变化与空腹血糖、血浆胆固醇、年龄无相关性,与病程呈正相关,(r=0.407,P<0.01)。结沦:GMP-140水平变化与糖尿病微血管病变有密切关系     

Effects ofTripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch on male fertility

Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch (TH) is a perennial used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and various skin disorders. One study showed that daily oral doses of TH significantly reduced the fertility of male rats without apparent toxicity. The effects of daily oral doses of TH on the fertility of men taking it for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis were evaluated. Sperm concentration, motility and motility grade all were significantly reduced in the 13 men taking TH compared to 11 untreated controls. TH therapy did not affect testosterone, FSH, LH levels, and its antifertility effects appeared to be reversible.

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Resumen Triperygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch (TH) es una perenne usada en la medicina tradicional china para el tratamiento de artritis reumatoidea y de varios desórdenes de la piel. Un estudio demostró que orales diarias de TH reducían significativamente la fertilidad en ratas macho, sin toxicidad aparente. Se evaluaron los efectos de dosis diarias orales de TH en la fertilidad de hombres que le tomaban para el tratamiento de la artritis reumatoidea. La concentración de espermatozoides, la motilidad y el grado de motilidad, se encontraron significativamente reducidos en los 13 hombres tomando TH comparados con 11 controles no tratados. La terapia con TH no afectó los niveles de testosterona, FSH y LH y sus efectos antifertilidad parecían ser reversibles.

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Resumé LeTriperygium hypoglaucum Hutch (TH) est communément utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise pour le traitement de la polyarthrite chronique évolutive (PCE) et de divers troubles cutanés. Une étude a montré que l'administation quotidienne de doses orales de TH réduisait considérablement la fécondité de rats mâles sans provoquer de toxicité apparente. On a évalué les effets de doses quotidiennes administrées par voie orale sur la fécondité d'hommes atteints de PCE et traités au TH. La concentration, la motilité et le degré de motilité du sperme avaient significativement diminué chez 13 hommes traités au TH par comparaison avec 11 témoins non traités. Le traitement au TH n'a eu aucun effet sur les niveaux de testostérone, FSH et LH et ses effets anti-fécondants semblent être réversibles.

     

绿茶对交链孢霉代谢物致突变性的抑制作用

观察绿茶对交链孢酚单甲醚(AME)和B_(2-a6)提取物诱导人胚肺2BS细胞SCE的影响。结果表明:不同浓度的绿茶,均不能增加SCE的频率,但在绿茶存在的情况下,由AME(10μg/ml)和B_(2-a6)(0.1mg/ml)所诱导的SCE频率比没有绿茶时低(P<0.01),并呈剂量—效应关系。结果提示:绿茶对某些霉菌毒素的致突变性有抑制作用。     

颈动脉间隙肿瘤的MRI诊断

目的：探讨颈动脉间隙肿瘤的MRI影象特征及其病理、解剖学基础和诊断价值。材料和方法：分析25例颈动脉间隙肿瘤的MRI征象，并与手术病理或血管造影比较。结果：多数肿瘤的病理改变或血管造影的特征能在MRI图像上反映，囊变和含丰富粘液的神经源性肿瘤T2加权像呈边界光滑的极高信号，化学感受器瘤瘤内的血管表现为扭曲条状和圆点状的极低信号，颈内动脉瘤信号分层，转移瘤边界毛糙或不清；不同来源的肿瘤与颈内、外动脉或颈总动脉和颈内静脉的位置关系有解剖上的相关性，有利于准确的定位和鉴别诊断；25例中术前诊断正确22例（88％）。结论：MRI对颈动脉间隙肿瘤的定位和定性具有重要的诊断价值，结合病史可减少误诊。