开放手术观察腰椎间盘突出症溶核失败45例分析

目的 通过开放手术观察分析椎间盘髓核化学溶解术治疗腰椎间盘突出症失败原因。方法 收集溶核失败的腰椎间盘突出症45例行开放手术治疗。结果 术中见45例硬膜外脂肪完全消失，43例髓核未见溶解，2例髓核溶解呈糊状但未被吸收，21例伴有侧隐窝狭窄，15例突出物与神经根粘连，20例黄韧带增厚，2例椎管骨性狭窄，14例突出物钙化。结论 腰椎间盘突出症病变间隙合并有侧隐窝狭窄、神经根粘连、椎管狭窄、突出物钙化等，不是溶核治疗的适应证。     

Innervation of the trapezius muscle: is cervical contribution important to its function?

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the cervical plexus and the accessory nerve to the function of the trapezius muscle. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Eighteen adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. The neurotomies were performed in the left sides and the right sides served as within-subject controls. In group A, the accessory nerve was transected. The C2-5 were transected in group B, and both of the accessory nerve and C2-5 were cut in group C. The electrophysiologic, myophysiologic, and histologic changes of the muscles were measured. RESULTS: There were significant differences (P < 0.05) between the three groups in the recovery rates of the transverse area of the muscles. The CMAP recorded from the experimental sides in group B were similar to the control sides. The values of the maximum tension of the tetanus contraction between the two sides showed no differences either (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The accessory nerve supplies the most important motor input to the trapezius. Motor innervations of the cervical plexus are not very significant.     

Effect of environment on extremely severe road traffic crashes：retrospective epidemic analysis during 2000-2001

Objective: To make an epidemiological analysis of the effect of environment on extremely severe road traffic crashes (RTCs). Methods: Epidemiologic data of extremely severe RTCs associated with environmental factors, including weather, topography, road conditions and other traffic conditions in Mainland China during 2000-2001, were collected and analyzed. Results: ( 1 ) During 2000-2001, there were 3 365 extremely severe RTCs with 13 666 deaths, 12 204 injuries and a direct economical loss of 136 million RMB. ( 2 ) Most extremely severe RTCs occurred in fine weather days and in the daytime. The high occurrence sites were plain areas, horizontal and straight roads, Grade B and C roads, ordinary road segment, and asphalt, smooth and mixed roads. (3) Compared with other RTCs, extremely severe RTCs were more likely to happen under following conditions: on cloudy, snowing, misty and blustering days; in hill and mountainous areas; on crooked and sloping roads; on freeway, Grade A, B, and C roads; mixed roads; ordinary, bridge, narrow and transitional roads; sand and dirt-roads; without traffic control measures; night without lighting. (4) Extremely severe RTCs of mountainous area or crooked and sloping roads were most severe in terms of deaths and injures per crash. Conclusions: Extremely severe RTCs are closely related with environmental factors. Rational road programming, enhancing road establishment and improving road conditions are probably effective measures to reduce the road traffic injuries.     

腔内三重双J管引流技术治疗输尿管狭窄

目的探讨腔内三重双J管引流技术治疗输尿管狭窄的可行性. 方法 2000年3月～2003年6月,对27例输尿管狭窄采用输尿管腔内置入3根相同大小的双J管引流,术后留置10～12周. 结果 27例随访2～24个月,平均18个月.26例拔管后无腰胀、发热等症状.IVP示引流通畅,患肾积水排空好,无输尿管狭窄.1例术后6个月复查IVP,肾积水仍无改善,改开放手术.本组治疗成功率96%(26/27). 结论腔内三重双J管引流技术治疗输尿管狭窄可行.     

经鼻蝶窦手术动物模型神经内镜手术训练

目的建立一种活体动物的神经内镜经鼻蝶手术模拟训练方法。方法选择大鼠，建立一套训练计划，完成内镜图像导引下的内镜操作，电凝止血、冲洗和吸引、活检等神经内镜经鼻蝶手术的基本技巧。结果利用大鼠颅脑进行模仿内镜经鼻蝶手术，如在内镜图像导引下操作内镜的方法；熟悉内镜系统、电凝系统、冲洗和吸引设备的使用；熟悉了神经内镜经鼻蝶手术的步骤。结论作为神经内镜实验室训练的重要组成部分，通过利用大鼠颅脑进行模拟神经内镜手术，训练者可以从中获得神经内镜操作基本技巧的练习。     

后装机出源阻力大故障分析及维修

从机械和电路两方面分析了 KLHZ-001型后装机出源阻力大的原因 ,并分别阐述了维修办法.     

过氧化氢对不同时相HepG2细胞氧化作用的研究

背景与目的:研究过氧化氢(H2O2)对不同时相HepG2细胞作用的选择性,以进一步探讨H2O2:诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的机制.材料与方法:以胸腺嘧啶核苷(TdR)阻断法获得不同细胞周期时相的同步化细胞,分别加入800 μmol/L的H2O2作用3 h,并检测各组细胞的丙二醛(MDA)含量、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)和5'核苷酸酶(5'NT)的活性及抗羟自由基(抗·OH)和抗超氧阴离子自由基(抗O2)的活性.结果:经H2O2处理的各组MDA含量和XOD、抗·OH、抗O2活性显著高于对照组,其差异均具有统计学意义(P均＜0.01),5'NT活性低于对照组(P＜0.01).与未同步化组比较,同步化于S期和G2/M期的细胞MDA含量和XOD、5'NT、抗·OH和抗O2活性显著升高,其差异均具有统计学意义(P均＜0.01),而同步化于G1期的细胞MDA含量、XOD、5'NT和抗O2-活性显著降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P均＜0.01).结论:H2O2作用同步化HepG2细胞后,代谢产生自由基的酶活性,脂质过氧化产物含量以及抗氧化水平均表现出细胞周期特异性,这可能是过氧化氢对不同时相HepG2细胞损伤作用不同的原因.     

重度抑郁症大学生经短周期有氧运动处方干预后抑郁症状和心肺功能的变化

目的:观察短周期有氧运动处方的干预对重庆抑郁症大学生抑郁症状和心肺功能的影响。方法:于2005-09/10选择陕西省西安市8所高校中的11例患抑郁症的大学生,男6例,女5例;年龄18～25岁。均符合美国社会精神疾病的诊断统计手册标准重度抑郁症的诊断标准;均对干预方案知情同意。采用自编运动处方,即修订跑台测试方法进行有氧运动干预,训练在每周一至周六进行,每日进行5组,每组3min,共干预3周;强度以周围毛细血管血乳酸浓度达(3.0±0.5)mmol/L为标准,组间间歇期为其1/2强度至恢复,乳酸浓度监测在每第6个训练计划日进行。心率作为监测指标,由于对于训练计划的适应,心率会逐步降低,所以通过提高跑台的转速增加运动强度。运动强度评价采用Bord自我用力感觉量表,强度保持在13,14级(比较困难)。检测最大摄氧量,以反映心肺功能耐力运动表现。在训练计划开始和结束时用汉密顿抑郁量表(5级评分,0～4分,分数越高表示抑郁症状越严重)评估患者抑郁症严重程度。结果:患抑郁症大学生11名均进入结果分析。训练后患抑郁症大学生汉密顿抑郁量表分为(13.12±5.54)分,较训练前明显下降[(19.55±3.30)分,P<0.01]。训练前后患抑郁症大学生最大摄氧量分别为(35.24±10.10),(33.91±10.23)mL/(kg·min),两者比较,差异不明显(P=1.000)。结论:重度抑郁症大学生经短周期有氧训练后,抑郁症状明显改善,心肺功能未见明显增强。     

铁路乘客乘车期间健康教育需求调查

目的调查铁路旅客乘车期间对健康教育的需求情况，为开展以列车为场所的健康教育可行性提供依据。方法选取3种车型6组列车。按照系统抽样原则，根据车厢编号随机抽取3～4节车厢，对乘客进行问卷调查，调查结果进行统计分析。结果收回有效调查问卷2204份，选择乘车期间有必要进行健康教育的为91．06％，教育需求列前3位依次是“与乘车相关的健康知识”91．42％，“预防传染病的知识”90．81％，“食品卫生与营养知识”88．96％。选择健康教育方式：51．66％的乘客选择“提供学习、宣传资料”，47．91％选择列车上广播。不同车次间乘客对健康教育内容需求差异无显著性。结论乘客对列车上开展健康教育需求很高，健康教育内容集中在与乘车相关健康知识和传染病的预防知识上，分别达到90％以上。健康教育的方式以提供学习资料和列车广播宣传为主。     

Biologic effects of hyperthermia and radiation on gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901) in vitro. II. Ultrastructural changes of cells

Different characteristic damages of the SGC-7901 gastric adenocarcinoma cells were studied by electron microscopy 1, 36, 72, 96 and 120 hours after heating and radiation in vitro. The visible damages, such as the enlarged mitochondria, increase of lysosomes and perichromatin granules could be shown 1 hour after heating (43 degrees C for 30 min) but no visible damages of the cells were shown until 36 hours following radiation (500 rad). In order to study the ultrastructural changes of the gastric cancer cells in mitosis after heating and radiation, we have used the new method of ultrastructural research in selecting and observing the M cell in vitro and found loosened structure of chromosome and disappearance of microtubules 1 hour following hyperthermia. At the same time, no apparent abnormalities of the mitotic cells were observed after radiation. It is the chief cause of division delay in heat injured cells. However, the chromosomes and microtubules of the new mitotic cells could recover 36 hours after heating (43 degrees C for 30 min). After radiation, the giant cells and abnormal morphologic changes of cells gradually increase and the living cells decrease. Unexpectedly, the division of a few giant cells is observed 72 hours after heating and radiation.