扩散管配制甲醛标准气体的研究

介绍了扩散法配制标准气体的方法。以三聚甲醛为原料，通过加热催化分解三聚甲醛蒸气，来配制甲醛标准气体。讨论了配制甲醛标准气体的准确性、稳定性、重复使用性，以及温度、扩散管几何尺寸、载气气流、配气源物质的量等因素对三聚甲醛扩散率的影响。本方法制备的甲醛标准气体，扩散率（２～５０μｇ／ｍｉｎ）测定总不确定度小于５％。     

宫颈癌组织中HPV16 E7序列多态性分析

目的探讨广东地区宫颈癌组织中HPV16肿瘤相关性抗原E7基因序列的多态性.方法采用通用引物PCR直接测序法对宫颈癌标本中的HPV分型,从含有HPV16型的标本中采用自行设计的多重引物通过巢式PCR扩增出HPV16E7,经DNA序列测定法检测其基因变异,进而寻找其热点突变.结果50例宫颈癌组织HPV-DNA的检出率为78%,其中HPV16和HPV18型混合感染18例,单纯HPV16型感染15例.33例含有HPV16型的标本中扩增出25例HPV16E7,其中17例647位核苷酸“T”变异“C”,导致相应的蛋白质由天冬氨酸变异为丝氨酸.结论广东地区宫颈癌组织中HPV16E7DNA序列发生碱基替换的区域主要在647位至846位,热点突变点为Nt647和Nt846.     

胆道支撑管显影材料的制备及体外细胞毒性评价

目的 探讨新型显影胆道支撑管材料制备的可行性，对构建出的材料进行体外细胞毒性评价和筛选。方法 选择具有X线下显影特性的基础材料A、B、C，分别与硅橡胶生胶共混炼，模压后分别得到相应的显影复合材料甲、乙、丙，经一段和二段硫化过程完成加工。采用MTT法作为体外细胞毒性评价的方法，测定参比对照材料和新材料的50％浓度的浸提液对小鼠成纤维细胞的增殖率的影响，确定细胞毒性级别。结果 新材料甲、乙、丙在x线下影像清晰。甲、乙材料的细胞毒性级别为零，丙材料细胞毒性级别为2。结论 构建出在X线下显影的弹性体材料可行。材料甲、乙是制造新型胆道支撑管的初选材料，材料丙无应用的价值。     

Burden of injuries and diseases in Yunnan Tin Miners

The burden of injuries is underestimated to an even greater extent in developing countries than in industrialized countries. The objective of this paper is to analyze injuries and diseases in the monitored work place of the world's largest tin mining operation in Yunnan, South China.     

聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射美容的临床与组织学评估

目的　探讨聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射后并发症的临床与组织学特点。方法　对 1998年至 2 0 0 3年接诊的 5 2例在外院注射了聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶 ,并引起并发症患者的临床资料进行了总结与组织学研究。为了便于比较 ,另选 12例 1988年～ 1994年期间接受液态硅胶注射的患者取出的组织病理切片与之对照研究。结果　聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射后并发症以局部硬结最多见 ,而且多发生在注射后 1～ 2年左右时间里。人体组织对注射的聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶的反应为多核异物巨细胞增生 ,并形成肉芽肿。与液态硅胶比较 ,注射的聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶引起组织的淋巴细胞反应弱 ,材料周围的纤维包膜较薄。机体内长期存留的聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶可能会引起局部组织变性反应。结论　聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶作为软组织填充剂的安全性需要进一步研究。     

Controlled release of sugar and toxicant from a novel device for controlling pest insects

A novel biodegradable device, designed for long-lasting residual effectiveness of feeding stimulant (sugar) and insecticide (dimethoate) against apple maggot flies and other insects, was formulated. The device is an 8-cm diameter fruit-mimicking sphere, consisting of 42–50% sugar entrapped in a mixture of gelatinized corn flour and wheat flour in the presence of glycerin, and coated with a layer of latex paint containing dimethoate and sugar. We found that the outer layer of paint prevents cracking of the sphere upon drying and creates a barrier to control the release of both sugar and dimethoate. Releases of each ingredient were screened first by chemical analysis and then by bioassays in the laboratory and in field cages against apple maggot flies. Chemical analysis demonstrated strong potential for controlled release of water-soluble feeding stimulant and water-insoluble insecticide measured as a function of the amount of rainfall and duration of exposure time. Field results showed greater than 70% insecticidal activity after 11 weeks of sphere exposure in an orchard. This device has the potential to be used for a variety of insect-control applications through manipulating its shape, color and texture into forms known to be attractive to target insects, and by employing various toxicants designed to be effective against such insects.     

温血高钾间断灌注心肌保护的临床应用

目的　探讨浅低温体外循环 (CPB)温血间断灌注心肌保护的临床效果。方法　全组随机分为对照组 (A组 )6 8例 ,采用浅低温CPB温血高钾持续灌注心肌保护。实验组 (B组 ) 91例 ,采用浅低温CPB温血高钾间断灌注心肌保护。观察两组术中心肌保护效果的差别。结果　CPB时间、主动脉阻断时间B组明显小于A组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;库血用量和 2 4h胸腔引流量B组明显少于A组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;主动脉开放前血钾浓度B组明显低于A组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;主动脉开放后心脏自动复跳率B组明显高于A组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;术后心功能临床观察两组无显著差异。结论　浅低温CPB温血高钾间断灌注保护心肌效果良好。     

脑卒中患者发生骨质疏松症的时间及其影响因素分析

目的：探究脑卒中患者发生骨质疏松症的时间及其影响因素。方法：采用回顾性队列研究方法,筛查2010年1月—2017年1月在溧阳市人民医院康复科诊断为脑卒中的685例患者的病历资料。将其中符合标准的105例患者纳入本研究。根据在5年内是否发生骨质疏松症,分为骨质疏松症组46例和非骨质疏松症组59例。以5年内是否发生骨质疏松症为结局,应用logistic回归分析影响脑卒中患者发生骨质疏松症的因素。应用Kaplan-Meier法计算骨质疏松症组发生骨质疏松的中位时间和95%可信区间。应用多因素Cox回归分析影响脑卒中患者脑卒中后发生骨质疏松症速度的因素。结果：性别（女性）（OR=8.145,95%CI:1.361～48.735,P=0.022）和年龄（OR=1.263,95%CI:1.135～1.406,P <0.001）对脑卒中后骨质疏松症的发生具有影响;脑卒中发生骨质疏松症的中位时间为3.42年（95%CI:3.14～3.69年）;年龄对卒中后骨质疏松症的发生时间具有影响（HR=1.162,95%CI:1.029～1.313,P=0.016）;相对于体力劳动,脑力劳动对卒中后骨质疏松...     

Synaptic transmission of chaotic spike trains between primary afferent fiber and spinal dorsal horn neuron in the rat

Primary sensory neurons can generate irregular burst firings in which the existence of significant deterministic behaviors of chaotic dynamics has been proved with nonlinear time series analysis. But how well the deterministic characteristics and neural information of presynaptic chaotic spike trains were transmitted into postsynaptic spike trains is still an open question. Here we investigated the synaptic transmission of chaotic spike trains between primary Adelta afferent fiber and spinal dorsal horn neuron. Two kinds of basic stimulus unit, brief burst and single pulse, were employed by us to comprise chaotic stimulus trains. For time series analysis, we defined "events" as the longest sequences of spikes with all interspike intervals less than or equal to a certain threshold and extracted the interevent intervals (IEIs) from spike trains. Return map analysis of the IEI series showed that the main temporal structure of chaotic input trains could be detected in postsynaptic output trains, especially under brief-burst stimulation. Using correlation dimension and nonlinear prediction methods, we found that synaptic transmission could influence the nonlinear characteristics of chaotic trains, such as fractal dimension and short-term predictability, with greater influence made under single-pulse stimulation. By calculating the mutual information between input and output trains, we found the information carried by presynaptic spike trains could not be completely transmitted at primary afferent synapses, and that brief bursts could more reliably transmit the information carried by chaotic input trains across synapses. These results indicate that although unreliability exists during synaptic transmission, the main deterministic characteristics of chaotic burst trains can be transmitted across primary afferent synapses. Moreover, brief bursts that come from the periphery can more reliably transmit neural information between primary afferent fibers and spinal dorsal horn neurons.     

癫痫儿童脑功能成像的临床应用研究进展

癫痫在儿童和青少年神经疾病中的发病率非常高 ,癫痫反复发作不仅影响患儿的运动功能 ,还影响其感知觉、记忆和语言等认知功能的健康发展。目前手术治疗是控制顽固性癫痫的重要手段 ,能否取得良好的手术效果有赖于癫痫灶的确定和认知功能皮层的准确定位。癫痫灶确定和认知功能皮层准确定位问题的解决不仅有利于癫痫儿童的诊断和治疗 ,也有利于更深入地了解癫痫发病机制 ,还有助于人类对语言、记忆等认知功能及其发展机制的深入认识。1　认知功能的手术前评估1.1　语言侧化与语言优势半球定位近三十年来 ,胼胝体切除术、脑叶切除术、大脑半球…