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151.
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One hundred and fifty mothers and their newborn babies were studied over a period of two years in villages around Hyderabad
to collect vital data regarding their sociobiological factors, customs and beliefs and to observe the impact of maternal and
child health services. A positive correlation was observed between the maternal hemoglobin weight and mid-arm circumference
and infants weight; the birth weight rising with an increase in these values. Better results were observed in mothers who
received antenatal care. The important risk factors emerging were primigravida, very young mothers, severe anemia (Hb<8 g/dl)
malnutrition in mothers (wt<40 kg), lack of antenatal care, unhygienic practices during labour, non-availability of trained
midwife and harmfuls uperstitions, taboos and customs prevailing in the area. 相似文献
154.
B. D. Bhatia M.D. N. B. Mathur M.D. P. Chaturvedi M.D. A. P. Dubey M.D. 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1984,51(3):309-312
The present study was undertaken to establish priorities in neonatal care and to find out neonatal mortality pattern in a
rural based medical college hospital. One hundred and twentythree neonatal deaths out of 1461 live births constituted the
study material. The neonatal mortality rate was 84.2/1000 live births. The mortality in preterm, full term and post term infants
was 43.13,4.02,7.02 percent respectively (p<0.001). The mortality in relation to birth weight was 100 percent (<1000 g); 71.43
percent (1000–1499 g); 37.14 percent (1500–1999 g); 7.63 percent (2000–2499 g) and 2.94 percent (>2500 g). Almost 70 percent
of all deaths were because of severe birth anoxia and septicemia (including meningitis) either alone or in combination. 相似文献
155.
B. D. Bhatia D.C.H. N. B. Mathur M.D. P. Handa M.B.B.S. A. P. Dubey M.D. M. Trivedi M.D. 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1984,51(2):165-171
The present study conducted in a rural medical college aimed at analysing the perinatal mortality and its determinants in
a rural set up. Fiftyeight still births and sixty two early neonatal deaths among 1107 consecutive deliveries gave a perinatal
mortality rate of 108.4 per 1000 deliveries. Fifty percent of the total deliveries were unbooked. The perinatal mortality
was higher in unbooked cases (16.3%), twins (33.2%) and preterms (33.9%) as compared to that in booked cases (5.3%), singletons
(9.6%) and term deliveries (6.7%). Sixty nine percent of the still births were due to causes like obstructed labour, toxemia
of pregnancy, antepartum hemorrhage, hand prolapse, and cord prolapse where timely intervention would have reduced the perinatal
mortality significantly. Early neonatal deaths were mainly associated with prematurity and were largely due to birth anoxia,
intraventricular hemorrhage, aspiration and infections. 相似文献
156.
The present study was undertaken to establish priorities in neonatal care and to ascertain the neonatal mortality pattern in a rural based medical college hospital. 123 neonatal deaths out of 1461 live births constituted the study material. The neonatal mortality rate was 84.2/1000 live births. The mortality in preterm, fullterm, and postterm infants was 43.13, 4.02, and 7.02% respectively (P0.001). The mortality in relation to birthweight was 100% (1000 g); 71.43% (1000-1499 g); 37.14% (1500-1999 g); 7.63% (2000-2499 g), and 2.94% (2500 g). Almost 70% of all deaths were due to severe birth anoxia and septicemia (including meningitis), either alone or in combination. 相似文献
157.
Pain is defined as unpleasant sensory and emotional experience, associated with actual or impending tissue damage. It consists of multi-dimentional phenomenon having sensory discriminative, cognitive-evaluative and effective motivational components. Though the technology has advanced, still it is very difficult to objectively assess all the attributes of pain, including alteration in cognitive behaviour. However, subjective methods like Visual Analog Scale rating (VAS) and preliminary objective methods like pain evoked responses, behaviral monitoring and event related evoked potentials for cognition are currently in vogue. It will take some more time and effort to evolve yet other newer and sophisticated techniques to measure all aspects of pain in human beings. 相似文献
158.
AIMS: To study the spectrum of encephalitis during the post-monsoon period in a tertiary care centre of India. METHODS: Clinical, neurophysiological and radiological features of patients with encephalitis are reported in this communication. The patients were subjected to clinical examination, CT or MRI scan, EEG, motor and somatosensory evoked potentials in both upper and lower limbs bilaterally and concentric needle electromyography. The laboratory studies for Japanese encephalitis (JE) comprised virus isolated, IgM capture ELISA, mercaptoethanol test and hemagglutination inhibition titre in paired sera against JE virus. Patients were classified into JEV encephalitis and non-specific encephalitis. On the basis of radiological features, they were classified into group I (thalamic or basal ganglia involvement), group II (brainstem involvement only) and group III (normal MRI). The outcome was defined into poor (bedridden), partial (dependent for daily activities) and complete (independent) recovery at the end of 3 months. RESULTS: Out of 26 patients (Age 7-70 years, mean 24.8 years), laboratory evidences of JEV infection was present in 14 patients and one patient had herpes simplex encephalitis. The patients with JEV encephalitis had more severe illness as evidenced by lower GCS score, higher frequency of anterior horn cell involvement, movement disorders and more extensive MRI changes. The EEG and MEP changes were also more frequently abnormal in the JEV group. On radiology, 15 patients had thalamic or basal ganglia involvement (group I), 3 isolated midbrain involvement (group II) and 8 had normal MRI (group III). Laboratory evidence consistent with JE were present in 11 out of 12 patients in group I and 3 out of 8 in group III, however, there was no laboratory evidence of JE virus infection in patients with isolated brainstem involvement. There was overlap in the neurologic and systemic manifestations in all the 3 radiological groups as well as in the groups with and without laboratory evidences of JEV infection. CONCLUSION: The observed overlap in neurological and systemic involvement in different subgroups of encephalitis may be due to JE or JE-like viral infection. The possibility of strain variation, change in virulence of organism or immunity of host needs further studies. 相似文献
159.
Flavonoids and related polyphenolics with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities may play a role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. We wished to determine the effects of cocoa extract supplementation on markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Healthy subjects (n = 25) were studied at baseline, after cocoa supplementation (36.9 g of dark chocolate bar and 30.95 g of cocoa powder drink) for 6 wk and after a 6-wk washout period. Fasting blood and early morning urine were collected at the three time points. Two indices of flavonoid intake, total phenols and oxygen radical absorbance capacity of plasma, were measured after an overnight fast. Neither was affected by supplementation. Measures of oxidative stress included copper-catalyzed LDL oxidation kinetics and urinary F(2) isoprostanes. LDL oxidizability was lower after chocolate supplementation as evidenced by a longer lag time (P < 0.05) of conjugated diene formation (101.0 +/- 20.7 min) compared with baseline (91.3 +/- 18.0 min) and washout (96.4 +/- 7.5 min) phases. There was no effect of chocolate on urinary F(2) isoprostane levels or on markers of inflammation including the whole-blood cytokines, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and P-selectin. In conclusion, cocoa products supplementation in humans affects LDL oxidizability, but not urinary F(2) isoprostanes or markers of inflammation. 相似文献
160.
84 patients of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) of Janz were studied. Diagnosis was confirmed using clinical and electro-encephalographic (EEG) criterias. 58 (78%) patients of JME were referred as 'refractory or uncontrolled seizures'. Ignoring myoclonic episodes and non-use of activation procedures in EEG were important reasons for diagnostic delay. Sodium valproate (VPA) or clonazepam are the drugs of choice while phenobarbitone (PB), carbamazepine (CZ), and phenytoin (PHT) are ineffective. Clinical spectrum of JME is slightly different in India. Family history of epilepsy or JME is not forthcoming and there is gross delay in the diagnosis. Other differences include age of presentation and mild cognitive impairment. All juvenile patients of generalized epilepsy, not responding to more commonly used CZ, PB and PHT should be strongly suspected for JME by carefully searching for myoclonus. 相似文献