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101.
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Effect of turmeric and curcumin on BP-DNA adducts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Many human cancers that are widely prevalent today can be preventedthrough modifications in life-styles, of which diet appearsto be an important agent. Several dietary constituents modulatethe process of carcinogenesis and prevent genotoxicity. Manyplant constituents including turmeric appear to be potent antimutagensand antioxidants. Therefore the modulatory effects of turmericand curcumin on the levels of benzo[a]pyrene induced DNA adductsin the livers of rats were studied by the newly developed 32P-postlabellingassay method. Turmeric when fed at 0.1, 0.5 and 3% and the activeprinciple of turmeric (curcumin) when fed at a level of 0.03%in the diet for 4 weeks significantly reduced the level of BPDNAadducts including the major adduct dG-N2-BP, formed within 24h in response to a single i.p. injection of benzo[a]pyrene.The significance of these effects in terms of the potentialanticarcinogenic effects of turmeric is discussed. Further,these results strengthen the various other biological effectsof turmeric which have direct relevance to anticarcinogenesisand chemoprevention. 相似文献
103.
BACKGROUND: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) stimulus parameters, such as pulse amplitude, pulse width, pulse frequency, and stimulus duration, differently influence seizure threshold and, possibly, other neurobiological effects of ECT. We examined the influence of these parameters on the EEG power spectrum in an animal model. METHODS: Adult, male, Wistar rats (n=54) were randomized to receive one of five differently constituted (approximately) 30-mC electroconvulsive shock (ECS) stimuli administered once on alternate days for a total of three ECS. A single-lead, unipolar EEG recording was obtained before, during, and immediately after each ECS seizure. EEG power was computed in eight frequency bands from 2 to 40 Hz. Greater ictal EEG power, greater postictal EEG suppression, and greater interictal EEG power, especially in lower frequency bands, were a priori defined as proxies of seizure efficacy. RESULTS: Motor and EEG seizure duration and a proxy for seizure generalization did not differ significantly across the five stimulus groups. Despite equivalent charge, the five stimuli varied widely in their effects on the EEG proxies of seizure efficacy. The narrow (0.6 milliseconds) pulse width, high (100 Hz) pulse frequency combination was best associated with EEG proxies of seizure efficacy; with this combination, a longer stimulus train duration appeared superior to a greater pulse amplitude. The wide (2 milliseconds) pulse and low (30 Hz) frequency combination was least associated with EEG proxies of efficacy. Stimulus "on" time, number of pulses delivered, and the rate of delivery of charge were not associated with the EEG proxies; the former finding questions the validity of dosing ECT in units of charge. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest a rationale for optimizing stimulus parameter choices during ECT and provide a framework for the evaluation of electrical aspects of the ECT stimulus. 相似文献
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Jeffrey J. Olson Camilo E. Fadul Daniel J. Brat Srinivasan Mukundan Timothy C. Ryken 《Journal of neuro-oncology》2009,93(1):1-23
The movement to create guidelines for management of medical maladies has been gaining strength for quality, academic, financial
and political purposes over the past two decades. This applies to neurological diseases, too. Evidence-based guidelines created
in a multidisciplinary fashion using predetermined criteria for grading scientific data and translating this to similarly
ranked recommendations is a valuable approach to meeting this goal. The following is a summary of the methods used for, and
the results of, an evidence-based guideline for the management of newly diagnosed glioblastoma. In addition to outlining recommendations
by discipline, it also addresses how concerns and conflicts were addressed in their development and provides comment on future
directions in management of this situation that may improve outcome. It is important that clinicians directly experienced
in patient management take the lead in creation of guidelines related to the diseases they deal with, as these clinicians
are clearly the most suited to being able to arrive at a meaningful and useful product. 相似文献
107.
Domeshek LF Das RR Van Aalst JA Mukundan S Marcus JR 《The Journal of craniofacial surgery》2011,22(1):77-83
Some patients with sagittal synostosis present with a fused metopic suture. We hypothesize that premature metopic suture fusion consistently and identifiably alters form associated with sagittal synostosis. We previously validated three-dimensional vector analysis as a tool for the study of cranial morphology and used it herein to distinguish between dysmorphologies of isolated sagittal synostosis (ISS) and combined sagittal-metopic synostosis (CSM). Preoperative computed tomographic scans for patients with ISS and CSM were compared with matched normative counterparts. Premature metopic suture fusion was defined by established radiographic criteria. Color-coded point clouds were created for each scan, with color gradient based on patient deviation from normal across the dysmorphic skull. Standard deviation data were evaluated in 7 cranial regions and compared between ISS and CSM. Mean ISS and CSM point clouds were evaluated. Using three-dimensional vector analysis, standard anthropometric data/indices were determined and compared between the 2 groups. Differences in ISS and CSM regional deviations and index measurements were not statistically significant. Mean ISS and CSM representations depicted similar overall morphology. Using accepted criteria for identification of metopic synostosis in CSM, only subtle differences appear between the 2 populations on average. Expected morphologic changes associated with metopic synostosis are present in only a small number of patients with CSM, arguing against our hypothesis, and calling into question the criteria used to identify premature metopic suture fusion. Normal metopic suture fusion occurs for a continuum of time. Our findings suggest that the normal continuum may begin earlier than the literature suggests. In the setting of sagittal synostosis, the influence of metopic suture fusion and treatment is best determined by individual morphologic analysis. 相似文献
108.
Defining language networks from resting‐state fMRI for surgical planning—a feasibility study 下载免费PDF全文
Yanmei Tie Laura Rigolo Isaiah H. Norton Raymond Y. Huang Wentao Wu Daniel Orringer Srinivasan Mukundan Jr. Alexandra J. Golby 《Human brain mapping》2014,35(3):1018-1030
Presurgical language mapping for patients with lesions close to language areas is critical to neurosurgical decision‐making for preservation of language function. As a clinical noninvasive imaging technique, functional MRI (fMRI) is used to identify language areas by measuring blood‐oxygen‐level dependent (BOLD) signal change while patients perform carefully timed language vs. control tasks. This task‐based fMRI critically depends on task performance, excluding many patients who have difficulty performing language tasks due to neurologic deficits. On the basis of recent discovery of resting‐state fMRI (rs‐fMRI), we propose a “task‐free” paradigm acquiring fMRI data when patients simply are at rest. This paradigm is less demanding for patients to perform and easier for technologists to administer. We investigated the feasibility of this approach in right‐handed healthy control subjects. First, group independent component analysis (ICA) was applied on the training group (14 subjects) to identify group level language components based on expert rating results. Then, four empirically and structurally defined language network templates were assessed for their ability to identify language components from individuals' ICA output of the testing group (18 subjects) based on spatial similarity analysis. Results suggest that it is feasible to extract language activations from rs‐fMRI at the individual subject level, and two empirically defined templates (that focuses on frontal language areas and that incorporates both frontal and temporal language areas) demonstrated the best performance. We propose a semi‐automated language component identification procedure and discuss the practical concerns and suggestions for this approach to be used in clinical fMRI language mapping. Hum Brain Mapp 35:1018–1030, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Mukundan S Ghaghada KB Badea CT Kao CY Hedlund LW Provenzale JM Johnson GA Chen E Bellamkonda RV Annapragada A 《AJR. American journal of roentgenology》2006,186(2):300-307
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine if an iodinated, liposomal contrast agent could be used for high-resolution, micro-CT of low-contrast, small-size vessels in a murine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A second-generation, liposomal blood pool contrast agent encapsulating a high concentration of iodine (83-105 mg I/mL) was evaluated. A total of five mice weighing between 20 and 28 g were infused with equivalent volume doses (500 microL of contrast agent/25 g of mouse weight) and imaged with our micro-CT system for intervals of up to 240 min postinfusion. The animals were anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and vital signs monitored allowing for simultaneous cardiac and respiratory gating of image acquisition. RESULTS: Initial enhancement of about 900 H in the aorta was obtained, which decreased to a plateau level of approximately 800 H after 2 hr. Excellent contrast discrimination was shown between the myocardium and cardiac blood pool (650-700 H). No significant nephrogram was identified, indicating the absence of renal clearance of the agent. CONCLUSION: The liposomal-based iodinated contrast agent shows long residence time in the blood pool, very high attenuation within submillimeter vessels, and no significant renal clearance rendering it an effective contrast agent for murine vascular imaging using a micro-CT scanner. 相似文献
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