诊断早期蕈样霉菌病组织学标准的效验--欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织皮肤淋巴瘤研究组的调查报告

为了效验组织病理学标准在诊断早期蕈样霉菌病(ＭＦ)病变中的价值,作者回顾分析了18例患者24次皮肤活检切片,取材时患者处于ＭＦＩａ期。这些病人都具备以下条件:①临床明确诊断ＭＦ或在随后的活检中出现了确切无疑的ＭＦ组织学形态。②通过完整的随访(从起病到发生明显的淋巴瘤,或病人死亡),证明在疾病随后进展中出现了ＭＦ经典“ＡｌｉｂｅｒＢａｚｉｎ”型中典型的斑点、班块、肿瘤期的发展过程。③病人处于Ｉａ期(即局限性斑块、丘疹或湿疹性斑点出现,覆盖面积小于身体表面10%)至少5年。选择13例苔藓样、海绵状及牛皮癣样与ＭＦ相似的病…     

Effects of recombinant interleukin-2 administration on cytotoxic function following high-dose chemo-radiotherapy for hematological malignancy

Activated killer cells, unrestricted by major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens circulate in the peripheral blood of patients who have undergone autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) and may contribute to the reduced risk of leukemic relapse observed after these procedures. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) in vitro augments this cytotoxicity and used therapeutically might thereby promote the eradication of minimal residual disease. In order to assess whether these effects on cytotoxicity can be reproduced in vivo, we studied changes in number, phenotype, and MHC unrestricted cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from patients with hematologic malignancy receiving IL-2 infusions. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma were treated after cytotoxic chemotherapy or autologous BMT. IL-2 infusions produced an initial lymphopenia, followed by a progressive recovery in mononuclear cell numbers and a rebound lymphocytosis after the termination of treatment. This affected all lymphocyte subsets; in particular CD25 (IL-2 receptor) positive cell numbers rose sevenfold. Cells with the ability to kill a natural killer (NK)-resistant, lymphokine activated killer cell (LAK)-sensitive target appeared in the circulation during 16 of 19 infusions and mean LAK activity rose from 5.9% to 15.5% during infusion (E:T ratio, 50:1; P less than .001). During IL-2 infusion, cells present in the peripheral blood inhibited the growth of myeloid leukemia blasts in agar after overnight co-culture. Depletion experiments showed that LAK activity was mediated by cells of both CD3- CD16+ (NK derived) and CD3+ CD16- (T derived) subsets. LAK precursor activity in peripheral blood also significantly increased during IL-2 infusion. Increases in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) unrestricted cytotoxicity can be produced by IL-2 infusions in vivo and may result in improved relapse-free survival following chemotherapy or BMT.     

Assessment of the need for follicle stimulating hormone in early preantral mouse follicle culture in vitro

In two consecutive controlled experiments 160 early preantral follicles were cultured in order to evaluate effects of recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (r-FSH) on survival, differentiation, oestradiol and inhibin secretion, cumulus mucification and cumulus-corona-oocyte detachment by human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) stimulation. Nuclear maturation in oocytes was also assessed following addition of HCG. A histological analysis of cultured follicles was carried out on semi- thin sections at various culture stages. Addition of r-FSH was essential for follicle survival for 16 days: without r-FSH only 11% of the follicles survived for 12 days (with r-FSH: 79%) and none of these mucified after the HCG stimulus. r-FSH promoted granulosa cell proliferation and antral-like cavity formation. Without r-FSH, histology of the cultures demonstrated degeneration and reduced granulosa cell proliferation; oestradiol and inhibin production were reduced. This study illustrates the essential role of FSH in promoting the in-vitro growth of early preantral mouse ovarian follicles and in maintaining the oocyte under meiotic arrest.