薄层扫描法测定藤茶中二氢杨梅素的含量

目的：建立藤茶质量控制的方法,方法：采用薄层扫描法测定藤茶中二氢杨梅素的含量。结果：藤茶中二氢杨梅素的含量３８．１７％－３８．５４％,回收率为９８．５％,ＲＳＤ为１．６％,结论：该法快速、简单、稳定、测定结果准确、可靠。     

Margin distance and other clinico-pathologic prognostic factors in vulvar carcinoma: a multivariate analysis

OBJECTIVES: To determine the importance of margin status and other prognostic factors associated with the recurrence and survival of patients with squamous cell vulvar carcinoma. METHODS: Data were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards regression. All slides were re-reviewed by two gynecologic pathologists. RESULTS: Ninety patients (median age: 69) were treated for vulvar carcinoma from 1984 to 2002, including 28 FIGO stage I, 20 stage II, 26 stage III and 16 with stage IV disease. Sixty-three (70%) patients underwent complete radical vulvectomies and 27 (30%) had modified radical vulvectomies. Nineteen (20%) patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. Five-year disease-specific survival rates were 100%, 100%, 86% and 29% for stages I-IV, respectively. None of the 30 patients with a pathologic margin distance >8 mm had local recurrence. Of the 53 women with tumor-free pathologic margin of <8 mm, 12 (23%) had a local recurrence. Moreover, women with >2 positive groin nodes had significantly higher recurrence risk compared to those with <2 metastatic groin nodes (p<0.001). On multivariate analysis, positive groin nodes and margin distance were important prognostic factors for recurrence. Moreover, stage, tumor size, margin distance, and depth of invasion were significant independent predictors for disease-specific survival. The median follow-up was 58 months (range: 2-188). CONCLUSIONS: Pathologic margin distance is an important predictor of local vulvar recurrence. Our data suggest that a > or =8-mm pathologic margin clearance leads to a high rate of loco-regional control.     

Report of the ASFA apheresis registry on muscle specific kinase antibody positive myasthenia gravis

Background : Anti‐muscle specific kinase antibody positive (MuSK Ab) myasthenia gravis (MG) patients are known to have different clinical course compared to anti‐acetylcholine receptor Ab positive MG patients. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been reported to be effective; however, little is known of the response and of TPE procedural information. An ASFA Apheresis Registry was developed to analyze those data. Methods : The study collected detailed de‐identified patient data, TPE procedures, and treatment outcome/complications. Collected data was described in aggregate. Results : A total of 15 MuSK Ab MG patients with exacerbation of MG symptoms, 13 females/2 males, median age 44, were investigated. Thirty TPE courses (median 5 procedures/course, total 145 procedures) were evaluated. All TPE procedures were performed with citrate anticoagulation, 1 − 1.25 plasma volume exchange in 100% fluid balance, and 90% of courses used only albumin as replacement. Calcium was added to albumin or given orally as needed. TPE was performed every other day in 55% of courses. Adverse events occurred in 3.4% of procedures. Ten patients (67%) experienced relapses within a median of 7 weeks. Objective symptoms were resolved in more than 75% of courses. Overall subjective improvement rates were 94.1%/93.3% after 3/4 TPE procedures, respectively. Thirty‐one percent of patients responded poorly with minimal recovery. Conclusion : Overall subjective improvement was seen up to 94% of patients after one course of TPE. Some patients were poor‐responders. Five TPE may be adequate for initial course with additional TPE as needed. Based upon this preliminary data, we will modify our future data collection. J. Clin. Apheresis 32:5–11, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Milk derived colloid as a novel drug delivery carrier for breast cancer

Triple negative breast cancer has an extremely poor prognosis when chemotherapy is no longer effective. To overcome drug resistance, novel drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles have had remarkable success. We produced a novel nanoparticle component ‘MDC’ from milk-derived colloid. In order to evaluate the anti-cancer effect of MDC, we conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments on cancer cell lines and a primary tumor derived breast xenograft. Doxorubicin (Dox) conjugated to MDC (MDC-Dox) showed higher cancer cell growth inhibition than MDC alone especially in cell lines with high EGFR expression. In a mouse melanoma model, MDC-Dox significantly suppressed tumor growth when compared with free Dox. Moreover, in a primary tumor derived breast xenograft, one of the mice treated with MDC-Dox showed partial regression, while mice treated with free Dox failed to show any suppression of tumor growth. We have shown that a novel nanoparticle compound made of simple milk-derived colloid has the capability for drug conjugation, and serves as a tumor-specific carrier of anti-cancer drugs. Further research on its safety and ability to carry various anti-cancer drugs into multiple drug-resistant primary breast models is warranted.