腹腔镜肝癌根治术的热点与未来发展

随着腹腔镜肝切除技术的发展与推广，腹腔镜肝切除中的一些难点，如术中出血的控制、解剖性肝切除、巨大肝癌切除、腹腔镜下联合肝脏分割与门静脉支结扎的二步肝切除术(ALPPS)等方面均基本解决。术中超声与荧光染色技术也得到普及。本文就上述问题做一概述，并对腹腔镜肝切除未来发展提出思路，以进一步推动我国腹腔镜肝切除的技术进步。     

基于代谢组学探讨艾灸关元穴对老年大鼠肾能量代谢的影响＊

目的 通过UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS代谢组学探讨艾灸关元穴对老年大鼠肾代谢物的影响，进而为艾灸关元穴的作用机制提供参考。方法 将8月龄SD雄性大鼠设为成年对照组（8只），21月龄SD雄性大鼠随机分为老年对照组（8只）、老年金匮肾气丸组（7只）、老年艾灸组（8只）。老年金匮肾气丸组每日按体重给药，老年艾灸组每日艾灸关元穴15 min，均每周5天。实验持续13周后检测大鼠肾组织线粒体呼吸耗氧速率、琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）活性以及血清肾功能指标，观察肾脏病理变化，结合UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS技术对大鼠的肾组织进行代谢轮廓分析，筛选代谢差异物并进行鉴定。结果 与老年对照组比较，老年艾灸组大鼠肾线粒体的呼吸耗氧速率和SDH酶的活力显著提高（P<0.01）。代谢组学结果显示，肾组织中筛选出13个共同差异化合物，分别是丁酸十二烷基酯、亚油酰胺、5-甲基四氢叶酸、PC（16∶0/22∶5（7Z，10Z，13Z，16Z，19Z））、6，8-二羟基嘌呤、1，2，3-丙烷三羧酸、3-（4-甲氧基苯基）-2-氧代丙酸、吲哚-3-乙酰甘氨酸、亚麻油酸、9，10-环氧十八烷酸、二十二碳五烯酸（22n-6）、牛磺胆酸、LysoPS （18∶0/0∶0）。结论 艾灸关元穴可通过调控老年大鼠的牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢、α-亚麻酸代谢、亚油酸代谢、甘油磷脂代谢来调节肾的能量代谢。     

The prognostic value of elevated neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio for cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Patients undergoing cardiac surgery are at significant risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a widely available inflammatory biomarker which may be of prognostic value in this setting.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting associations between perioperative NLR with postoperative AKI. We searched Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library, without language restriction, from inception to May 2022 for relevant studies. We meta-analysed the reported odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for both elevated preoperative and postoperative NLR with risk of postoperative AKI and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT). We conducted a meta-regression to explore inter-study statistical heterogeneity.

Results

Twelve studies involving 10,724 participants undergoing cardiac surgery were included, with eight studies being deemed at high risk of bias using PROBAST modelling. We found statistically significant associations between elevated preoperative NLR and postoperative AKI (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.18–1.77), as well as postoperative need for RRT (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.50–3.72). Postoperative NLR measurements were not of prognostic significance.

Conclusions

Elevated preoperative NLR is a reliable inflammatory biomarker for predicting AKI following cardiac surgery.     

Utility of the 3‐Vessel and 3‐Vessel and Trachea Views in Prenatal Diagnosis of a Pulmonary Artery Sling

A pulmonary artery (PA) sling is a very rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly, and only a few studies have reported PA slings in fetuses. The relationship of the PA, aorta, ductus arteriosus, and trachea can be evaluated in the 3‐vessel and 3‐vessel and trachea views during fetal echocardiography. A PA sling can be detected by abnormal positioning of the left PA in relation to the trachea when sweeping from the 3‐vessel view cranially to the 3‐vessel and trachea view. Here we report 3 cases of fetal PA slings and their follow‐ups. Two cases were confirmed by postnatal echocardiography, and the other case was confirmed by a cardiovascular cast after pregnancy termination. We emphasize that the 3‐vessel and 3‐vessel and trachea views are of crucial importance in the prenatal diagnosis of a PA sling.     

An epidemiologic study of sleep-disordered breathing in a large sample of Chinese adolescents

Journal of Public Health - Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common among adolescents and is associated with short- and long-term consequences. Data on the prevalence and epidemiologic...     

针灸联合关节松动术治疗肩周炎的网状Meta分析＊

目的 运用网状Meta分析方法评价针灸联合关节松动术治疗肩周炎的疗效。方法 运用计算机检索Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane Library、EMbase、维普（VIP）、中国知网（CNKI）、万方（Wanfang）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM），搜寻有关针灸联合关节松动术治疗肩周炎的随机对照试验。所有研究人员均独立纳排文献、提录资料、风险评估，对符合质量标准的RCT研究采用Stata16.0和Review Manager 5.4软件进行分析。结果 共检索出6561篇文献，最终纳入37项研究，涉及10种针灸联合关节松动术方法。总样本量2890例，其中试验组1432例，对照组1458例。网状Meta分析所得结果表明：①在总有效率方面，最好的3种治疗方法为内热针联合组、温针联合组、动筋针联合组；②在降低VAS评分方面，最好的3种治疗方法为内热针联合组、动筋针联合组、针刀联合组。结论 针灸联合关节松动术治疗肩周炎疗效总体优于单独使用，且内热针联合组具有最佳的疗效。     

The increase in bone mineral density by bisphosphonate with active vitamin D analog is associated with the serum calcium level within the reference interval in postmenopausal osteoporosis

Objectives: To examine the factors associated with increase in lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS-BMD) by bisphosphonates (BPs) with active vitamin D analog (aVD).

Methods: Two independent postmenopausal osteoporotic patients treated by BPs with aVD for 24 months (Study 1: n?=?93, Study 2: n?=?99) were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: In Study 1, LS-BMD of the patients significantly increased for 24 m (5.4%, p?r²: 0.088, p?=?.02). While average sCa of the patients was 9.2?mg/dL before treatment, it increased time-dependently to 9.6?mg/dL for 24 m by treatment. As each patient had their LS-BMD five times during the study, there were four instances of %LS-BMD in each patient, resulting in 372 instances of %LS-BMD in Study 1. The smallest Akaike’s information criterion value for the most appropriate cut-off levels of sCa for %LS-BMD by treatment every 6 m was 9.3?mg/dL. The %LS-BMD by treatment for 6 m during 24 m period in patients with sCa ≥9.3?mg/dL (1.5%) was significantly higher than that in patients with sCa <9.3?mg/dL (0.8%, p?=?.038). The results of Study 2 were similar to those of Study 1, confirming the phenomena observed.

Conclusion: sCa was associated with an increased LS-BMD by BPs with aVD.