含氮二膦酸盐/IL-2诱导肿瘤患者外周血γδT细胞增殖的作用

目的探讨药物（含氮二膦酸盐联合IL-2，N-BP／IL-2）诱导实体肿瘤患者外周血γδT细胞增殖作用。方法采用流式细胞仪测定103例肿瘤患者和43例健康人外周血总T细胞绝对值、御细胞绝对值和相对值，测定患者外周血经药物体外刺激后御细胞增殖指数和用药前后患者外周血总T细胞、γδT细胞绝对值和相对值。结果肿瘤患者和健康人外周血总T细胞绝对值、御细胞绝对值和御细胞相对值的中位数，分别为1306细胞/μl和1522细胞/μlP=0．003），64细胞/μl和162细胞/μl（P〈0．001），5％和11％（P〈0．001）。24例经药物体外扩增试验阳性的肿瘤患者治疗前后体内外周血总T细胞绝对值、γδT细胞绝对值和御细胞相对值的中位数，分别为1283细胞/μl和1552细胞/μl（P=0．001），54细胞/μl和107细胞/μl（P〈0．001），6％和8％（P=0．008）。全部肿瘤患者中外周血γδT细胞对药物体外诱导增殖反应阳性患者的百分率为68．9％。结论肿瘤患者外周血γδT细胞计数显著低于健康人。不同肿瘤患者外周血γδT细胞对药物刺激增殖的反应性不同。N-PB／IL-2在体内有显著增加御细胞数量的药理作用。体外增殖试验可作为N-PB／IL-2治疗患者的参考。     

人工组织神经移植物修复狗缺损坐骨神经后腓肠肌的形态观察

目的 了解复合型医用可降解材料制成的人工组织神经移植物辅加神经再生素修复狗坐骨神经缺损后，腓肠肌的形态变化。方法 将人工组织神经移植物连接在狗的坐骨神经缺损30mm处。以自体神经桥接和神经缺损的狗为对照组Ⅰ和Ⅱ。术后6个月时取腓肠肌进行称重、特殊染色和组织化学染色，显微镜下了解腓肠肌的形态变化并进行图像定量分析，同时了解肌纤维的超微结构变化。结果 术后6个月，实验组腓肠肌的萎缩形态指标变化均轻于对照组Ⅱ，而与对照组Ⅰ相似。结论 经人工组织神经移植物修复缺损的坐骨神经后，使腓肠肌又重新获得神经支配，肌肉萎缩明显减轻。     

汉族男子体格及生殖器发育特点

2411例汉族男性大学生体格和生殖器的测量结果如下:阴茎周径8.17±0.64cm,阴茎长度7.43±1.04cm,阴茎牵长13.33±1.19cm,右睾丸容积17.91±4.09ml,左睾丸容积17.83±4.05ml,身高171.07±5.66cm,体重58.43±7.75kg.北方学生体格和生殖器发育均优于南方.城、县、乡学生的生殖器发育无明显差异,但城市学生体格发育优于农村.16岁后阴茎、睾丸大小变化不大,但生殖器的发育可持续到30岁.     

音猬因子的功能受体斑片在培养神经干细胞中的表达

目的　观察在培养的神经干细胞内是否有发育调控分子———音猬因子 (sonichedgehog)功能受体———斑片 (patched)表达。　方法　神经干细胞克隆在体外培养传代后 ,用patched的特异性引物对培养的神经干细胞进行RT PCR分析 ,PCR产物经克隆测序后 ,用地高辛标记克隆的探针 ,对神经干细胞进行原位杂交分析。　结果　神经干细胞克隆内大量的细胞均可表达sonichedgehog的功能受体patched ,patched阳性细胞间未见明显差别 ,克隆边缘与中央的patched分布也未见明显差别。　结论　sonichedgehog信号传导路可能在神经干细胞的增殖与分化过程中起重要作用。     

Acute myeloid leukemia with t(6;9)(p23;q34) is associated with dysplasia and a high frequency of flt3 gene mutations

We report 12 cases of t(6;9)(p23;q34)-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML), all classified using the criteria of the World Health Organization classification. There were 10 women and 2 men with a median age of 51 years (range, 20-76 years). Dysplasia was present in all cases (9 previously untreated), and basophilia was present in 6 (50%). Immunophenotypic studies showed that the blasts were positive for CD9, CD13, CD33, CD38, CD117, and HLA-DR in all cases assessed. CD34 was positive in 11 (92%) of 12, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase was positive in 7 (64%) of 11 cases. The t(6;9) was the only cytogenetic abnormality detected in 7 cases (58%), and 5 cases had additional chromosomal abnormalities. Of 8 cases assessed, 7 (88%) had flt3 gene mutations. We conclude that t(6;9)-positive AML cases have distinctive morphologic features, an immunophenotype suggesting origin from an early hematopoietic progenitor cell, and a high frequency of flt3 gene mutations.     

Significance of cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis in evaluating antichronic myeloid leukemia efficacy of different immune effector cells

We report on the antileukemia effect of interleukin 2 (IL2) on different immune cells from 22 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Bone marrow cells from these patients were first cultured in modified long-term bone marrow culture medium for several days, then separately cultured with lymphokine activated killer cells (LAK), cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK), and dendritic cell cocultured CIK (DC-CIK) for another 1-2 days. They were then detected for presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) by cytogenetic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The percentage of Ph-chromosome-positive cells in the bone marrow mononuclear cells after culturing with CIK and DC-CIK was significantly lower than that after culturing with IL2 or LAK. Our results demonstrate that cytogenetics and FISH are useful techniques for the evaluation of the anti-CML effect of immune cells and that CIK or DC-CIK can be appropriate candidates for adoptive immune cell therapy in vivo or for leukemia cell purging ex vivo.     

通痹灵对于IL-2及其受体α链影响的体内外研究

从体内体外两个方面 ,研究通痹灵对于CIA大鼠关节滑膜原代细胞分泌IL 2 ,以及通痹灵总碱对于IL 2受体α链CD2 5表达的影响。体内实验采用CIA大鼠动物模型。容积法测量足肿胀度 ,原代滑膜细胞培养、放免法检测培养液上清 ,观察通痹灵对滑膜内IL 2的影响 ;体外实验 ,分离大鼠淋巴细胞 ,佛波醇酯 (PDB )或刀豆蛋白 (ConA )体外刺激 ,双色免疫荧光标记 ,流式细胞仪检测 ,观察通痹灵总碱对CD3+CD2 5 +表达的影响。结果是体内实验 ,通痹灵高剂量可明显减轻CIA大鼠的足肿胀度 ,与MTX比较无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,通痹灵高、低剂量可明显抑制CIA大鼠滑膜内IL 2的合成 (P <0 0 1) ;体外实验 ,通痹灵总碱显著抑制ConA刺激下的CD3+CD2 5 +的表达 ,而对PDB加ionomycin没有明显作用。提示通痹灵可以通过抑制IL 2合成及ConA激活的IL 2受体α链CD2 5信号转导通路 ,减轻局部关节的炎症 ,为其用于类风湿性关节炎的治疗提供了实验依据     

Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor: clinicopathological features with an emphasis on uterine cervical involvement.

We report on the clinical and histological features of five cases of epithelioid trophoblastic tumor, with an emphasis on its involvement of the uterine cervix. All five patients were of reproductive age (median age 38.4 years) and all, except one, presented with vaginal bleeding 3 to 18 years after the most recent pregnancy. One patient presented with amenorrhea. Elevation of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was seen in four cases. Pathologically, the tumor involved endocervix in three cases and involved uterine corpus in another two. All five tumors were invasive, nodular lesions consisting of epithelioid intermediate trophoblastic cells that were mononuclear with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, along with zones of hyaline material and necrotic debris. In three cases of cervical involvement, the neoplastic cells focally replaced endocervical surface and glandular epithelium, simulating high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Immunohistochemically, all five tumors displayed focal positivity for human placental lactogen and hCG. Positive nuclear staining of p63 was seen in all five cases. All patients received total hysterectomy and various regimes of adjuvant chemotherapy. Three patients survived the tumor with no recurrences or metastases with follow-up periods of 3, 7 and 16 years. One patient is currently alive with lung metastasis 1 month after the surgery. One patient died of tumor metastasis 8 months after the diagnosis. In summary, with its unusual ability to simulate an invasive squamous cell carcinoma and other epithelioid neoplasms, epithelioid trophoblastic tumor frequently poses a diagnostic challenge, especially when involving the uterine cervix. High index of suspicion and an awareness of elevation of serum chorionic gonadotropin are crucial in reaching a correct diagnosis.     

吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶1在胃癌中的研究进展

胃癌 (Gastric Cancer,GC) 是全球第五大最常见的恶性肿瘤,也是第四大癌症死亡相关原因。胃癌异质性明显,肿瘤微环境复杂,免疫检查点抑制剂虽然在晚期胃癌中展现出一定抗肿瘤疗效,但获益人群仍在少数。吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶 1 (Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1,IDO1) 是色氨酸沿犬尿氨酸途径代谢中的关键酶,对肿瘤免疫逃逸起到了关键作用。目前已有多项研究表明IDO1在胃癌发生发展及幽门螺杆菌感染和EB病毒感染中发挥重要作用,所以靶向IDO1有望成为胃癌免疫治疗的新策略。本文就IDO1作用机制、IDO1在胃癌及相关疾病中的研究进展及IDO1抑制剂在胃癌中的应用前景进行综述。     

HLA-DRB1、DQB1基因与汉族人群寻常型天疱疮的相关性研究

目的　探讨 HL A- DRB1、DQB1位点基因在汉族人群寻常型天疱疮易感性中的作用。方法用序列特异性引物 -聚合酶链反应方法 ,对 6 1例寻常型天疱疮 (pemphigus vulgaris,PV)患者和 5 7名正常对照进行了 HL A- DRB1、DQB1等位基因的分型 ,并分析了 DRB1、DQB1基因在两组中的分布。结果　与正常对照组比较 ,PV组 DR4、DRB1* 14 (* 14 0 1、* 14 0 4、* 14 0 5 )基因频率明显增高 (Pc分别 <0 .0 5及P<0 .0 1) ,差异有显著性 ;PV组 DQB1* 0 5 0 3、DQB1* 0 30 2基因频率明显增高 (Pc均 <0 .0 5 ) ,差异有显著性。对 DR4阳性样本的组内基因亚型分型结果发现 ,PV组中 DRB1* 0 4 0 3、DRB1* 0 4 0 6频率显著增高(Pc<0 .0 5 ) ,差异有显著性。 PV患者组单倍型 HL A- DRB1* 0 4 ,DQB1* 0 30 2和 HL A- DRB1* 14 ,DQB1* 0 5 0 3频率明显增高 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　HL A- DRB1* 0 4 ,DQB1* 0 30 2和 HL A- DRB1* 14 ,DQB1* 0 5 0 3可能是汉族人 PV推测的易感单倍型。