二羟丙氧甲基乌嘌呤抗单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型的实验研究

二羟丙氧甲基鸟嘌岭(DHPG),在组织培养中对单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(HSV-1)KOS株抑制50%空斑形成的浓度(IC_(50))为0.1μg/ml。DHPG与环胞苷联合应用的抗HSV活性呈协同作用;DHPG分别与无环鸟苷、酞丁安合用有相加作用。0.1和0.05%DHPG溶液滴眼对家兔实验性浅层单纯疱疹病毒角膜炎有显著治疗作用,浓度降低至0.025和0.0l%无明显疗效。对实质层型单疱角膜炎,0.1%DHPG溶液滴眼治疗有效。     

纳洛酮催瘾试验2例

0　引言　阿片类依赖一般根据 DSM- 3- R标准诊断并不困难 .但有时患者不愿意承认暗中使用阿片类药物 ,而医生需迅速作出有否依赖的判断 ,则需使用纳洛酮催瘾试验 .我们应用此方法催瘾 2例的情况及有关注意事项介绍如下 :1　病例报告　患者 2例 ,男性 ,年龄 2 5和 31岁 ,因卖毒品被公安部门当场抓捕 ,为尽快初步验证其是否吸食毒品 ,随来求证 .催瘾诊断时 ,分别给两人 im 0 .4mg盐酸纳洛酮 ,1例 15min内出现心慌、烦躁不安、打哈欠、流泪、流涕等轻度戒断反应 .另 1例 30 min内无反应 ,随追加 im 0 .4mg. 5 min后即出现明显的戒断症状 .收…     

International normalised ratio as an independent predictor of mortality in limb necrotising fasciitis with sepsis

IntroductionNecrotising fasciitis with sepsis is a life threatening disease. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between international normalised ratio (INR) and mortality in sepsis patients with necrotising fasciitis.MethodsA retrospective review was undertaken of 106 patients suffering from necrotising fasciitis with sepsis between November 2007 and December 2016. Data on comorbidities, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, causative microbiological organisms, APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) score and outcomes were extracted. Logistic regression was carried out to examine the factors affecting mortality.ResultsForty patients (37.7%) died. There was no significant difference in the white blood count (WBC) for the survivor and non-survivor groups. Non-survivors had a lower mean oxygenation index (OI) (288.7mmHg vs 329.4mmHg, p=0.032) and platelet count (PC) (139.5 vs 214.8 x 10⁹/l, p=0.028), and a higher mean INR (1.9 vs 1.3, p=0.000), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (54.6 vs 44.2 seconds, p=0.005) and serum creatinine (2.3mg/dl vs 1.4mg/dl, p=0.007). Mortality in patients with INR >1.5 was significantly higher than in those with INR <1.5 when all risk factors (WBC, PC, OI, INR, APTT, creatinine) were considered (odds ratio: 4.414, 95% confidence interval: 1.263–15.428, p=0.020). Even after adjusting for age, sex, bacteraemia, diabetes and hepatic disorders, the data still exhibited elevated mortality for patients with INR >1.5 (odds ratio: 5.600, 95% confidence interval: 1.415–22.166, p=0.014).ConclusionsINR is a significant independent predictor of mortality in sepsis patients diagnosed with necrotising fasciitis.     

Cleft palate and toe malformations in a child with fetal methotrexate exposure

Methotrexate, a commonly administered chemotherapeutic agent, is a well-known human teratogen. Exposure of a fetus between 6 and 8 weeks of gestation is postulated to cause birth defects. However, fetal exposure to this drug after this critical period is thought to have little to no effect on eventual fetal development and growth. The authors report a case of an infant whose mother was exposed to methotrexate during pregnancy. The infant was evaluated at their clinic for an incomplete cleft palate and associated asymmetric deformities of the toes on both feet.     

海风藤中新木脂素类PAF拮抗活性成分的研究

自中药海风藤[Piper kadsura (Choisy)Ohwi]的藤茎中又分离得到四个macrophyllin型双环[3,2,1]辛烷类新木脂素,经光谱分析及衍生物的制备,确定化合物Ⅰ和Ⅲ为新结构,命名为风藤素K(kadsurenin K)和风藤素L(kadsurenin L),其化学结构分别为7R,8R,3′R,5′R-△^8′-3,5′-二甲氧基-4-羟基-2′,3′,4′,5′-四氢-2′,4′-氧-7.3′,8.5′-新木脂素(Ⅰ)和7R,8R,3′S,4′R,5′R-△^8′-3,4,5′-三甲氧基-4′-乙酰氧基-2′,3′,4′,5′-四氢-2′-氧-7.3′,8.5′-新木脂素(Ⅲ)。化合物Ⅱ和Ⅳ分别为已报道过的风藤素C和风藤素B。化合物Ⅰ～Ⅳ均有明显的PAF受体拮抗活性。     

苦瓜子有效成分研究

从苦瓜(Momordica charantia L.)的种子中,分离出五种成分,经光谱和化学方法确定其结构为:蚕豆甙,海藻糖,24β-乙基-5α-胆甾-7,反式-22E,25(27)-三烯,-3β-羟、基-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙,苦瓜子甙A,苦瓜子甙B。海藻糖系首次从该植物中分出,甾醇甙系首次从苦瓜属植物中分出,两个苦瓜子甙系新化合物。苦瓜子甙A对S180动物瘤组织DNA和RNA蛋白质合成有显著抑制作用。