Ad-GFP修饰MSCs静脉移植在严重烫伤延迟复苏大鼠体内的定向迁移

目的:观察携带目的基因的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells ,MSCs) 静脉移植在严重烫伤延迟复苏损伤体内的分布.方法:分离培养MSCs,用Ad-GFP转染MSCs,25只Wistar大鼠随机分为延迟复苏组(A组,10只)、即时复苏组(B组,10只)、假伤组(C组,5只).A、B两组大鼠背部造成Ⅲ度30%烫伤,制备A组为延迟复苏模型,B组为即时复苏模型,同时制备C组为假伤模型,经股静脉移植转染Ad-GFP 48 h后的MSCs.24 h,7 d后取小肠、肝脏、肾脏、烫伤皮肤创缘等组织,快速冰冻切片,荧光显微镜下观察在体内的分布.结果:MSCs 体外分离培养扩增5代,细胞数可达(1～2)×1011个,具有多态性和贴壁生长特性,MOI=100时,Ad-GFP转染MSCs效率可达86.4%.经股静脉移植24 h,在延迟复苏组烫伤皮肤组织创缘,小肠黏膜广泛可见绿色荧光,而在肝、肺等器官少见,即时复苏组荧光以烫伤皮肤创缘分布为主,小肠黏膜较少,假伤组中绿色荧光分布以肝脏为主.延迟复苏组小肠荧光强度明显强于即时复苏组和假伤组(P《0.05),而延迟和即时复苏组皮肤创缘荧光强度又强于假伤组(P《0.05).结论:导入目的基因可能不会改变MSCs归巢特性,并将为后续启动基因治疗烧伤延迟复苏后的损伤研究提供参考.     

Bile duct obstruction: radiologic evaluation of level, cause, and tumor resectability

In a prospective study of 65 patients with bile duct obstruction, various radiologic modalities were compared for their capability to demonstrate the level and cause of obstruction and to indicate accurately tumor resectability. Ultrasound (US) was performed in 65 patients, computed tomography (CT) in 51, direct cholangiography (DC) in 57, and angiography in 35. The level of obstruction was correctly indicated by US in 95% of patients and by CT in 90%, and the cause was correctly indicated by US in 88%, by CT in 63%, and by DC in 89%. In predicting tumor resectability, US was correct in 71% of patients, compared with 42% for CT, 58% for DC, and 25% for angiography. US therefore appears to be the single most useful modality in the evaluation bile duct obstruction.     

肝细胞生长因子基因转染骨髓间充质干细胞对脂肪颗粒移植存活率的影响

目的研究携带人肝细胞生长因子基因的重组腺病毒（Ad—HGF）修饰骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）对大鼠脂肪颗粒移植存活率的影响。方法用携带绿色荧光蛋白的重组腺病毒（Ad-GFP）、Ad—HGF转染雄性Wistar大鼠MSCs,测定转染效率与感染上清中肝细胞生长因子（HGF）的表达。用雌性Wistar大鼠150只,随机分为5组：空白对照组（A组）、Ad—HGF组（B组）、MSCs组（C组）、Ad—GFP感染MSCs组（D组）和Ad—HGF感染MSCs组（E组）,每组30只。各组均匀振动5分钟,将颗粒脂肪移植于自体背部皮下;移植后3、5、7、14、28、60d,每组各取5只大鼠脱颈处死,取出移植物;测体积、HE、Masson染色观察病理改变,免疫组织化学法测定组织中HGF表达和血管生成。结果积分吸光度＝100时,Ad—GFP转染MSCs效率可达89．6％;移植后3、5、7、14d,E组移植物中HGF的表达高于其他各组（P〈0．05）;移植后5、7、14、28、60d,E组血管数量也多于其他各组（P〈0．05）;28d和60d时,E组脂肪颗粒体积保持率明显好于其他4组（P〈0．05）。结论携带HGF基因的MSCs在移植物中能够持续表达HGF,有效地减少脂肪颗粒移植后的吸收,从而提高移植颗粒脂肪的存活率。     

The use of pulmonary autograft patch for type A aortic interruption and Swiss-cheese ventricular septal defect (VSD)

The surgical management of the aortic arch pathologies is controversial. Primary anastomosis and patch aortoplasties combined with end-to-end anastomosis have some complications like recurrence and aneurysm formation. Surgical repair of apical muscular (Swiss-cheese) defects is also still under debate. A 6-year-old patient with diagnosis of type A aortic arch interruption and Swiss-cheese ventricular septal defect (VSD) underwent successful intracardiac repair and aortic arch reconstruction. Aortic arch reconstruction was done by end-to-side anastomosis of distal aortic archus and thoracic aorta without cardiopulmonary bypass. The anterior side of the anastomosis was augmented by using pulmonary autograft patch and this patch was extended to the inferior surface of the archus aorta. Swiss-cheese VSD was repaired with a single patch using septal obliteration technique via transatrial approach. Pulmonary autograft patch aortoplasty and end-to-side anastomosis may be an alternative surgical management for surgical repair and it may be done without the need for cardiopulmonary bypass. In these patients associated multiple apical muscular VSDs can be repaired with a single patch, septal obliteration technique.     

A case report of surgical septal myectomy of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with concomitant left ventricular outflow tract and mid-ventricular obstructions

A 27-year-old female presented with dyspnea, fatigue, and exertional angina is found to have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with marked hypertrophy of the papillary muscles, apex, septum, and lateral wall of the left ventricle. Also, small left ventricular cavity and systolic anterior movement of anterior mitral leaflet were observed at the echocardiography. The Doppler echocardiography revealed severe peak gradients at the left ventricle outflow tract (105 mmHg) and mid-ventricle (80 mmHg). At the operation, septal myectomy and anterior papillary muscle resection in addition to mitral valve replacement was performed. Surgical treatment gave an excellent clinical result. Control Doppler echocardiograms revealed no left ventricular outflow tract gradient, although mid-ventricular gradient was persistent. The good results were still present 18 months after the operation.     

MR运动成像对CSM诊断的临床研究

目的探讨MR运动成像对脊髓型颈椎病（cervical spordylogic myelopathy,CSM）的诊断价值。方法比较52例患者常规（静态）MR成像和MR运动成像检查结果,观察分析CSM患者脊髓受压的因素和特征,并与正常组MR表现进行对照分析。常规MR成像采用SE、FSE矢状位及横断位T1WI、T2WI或STIR等序列。MR运动成像采用FSE矢状位T2WI序列观察分析颈椎过屈、自然和过伸位MR征象特点。结果52例患者中,常规MR成像发现脊髓压迫46例,其中1级9例,2级26例,3级11例。MR运动成像全组病例均见脊髓压迫,其中1级10例,2级29例,3级13例。结论MR运动成像可动态观察CSM患者脊髓受压的因素及特征,并且能早期发现椎体不稳,为临床制定合适治疗方案及早期干预提供较可靠依据。     

中药强骨丹对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠骨密度和骨生物力学的影响

[目的]观察中药强骨丹对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠骨密度和骨生物力学的影响,探讨其治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的作用。[方法]运用切除大鼠卵巢方法建立去卵巢骨质疏松症模型,随机分为假手术组、模型组、强骨丹高、低剂量组和西药组5组,每组10只。摘除卵巢后第4天分别给予生理盐水、强骨丹高、低剂量和二膦酸盐,各组均在服药14周后处死动物,进行血清雌二醇、骨密度、骨矿含量和骨生物力学测定。[结果]强骨丹能够明显升高去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠血清雌二醇水平,使骨密度和骨矿含量增加,胫骨最大载荷显著提高。[结论]强骨丹可通过提高机体雌激素水平,降低骨的转换率,增加骨密度,有效维持骨生物力学性能,对绝经后骨质疏松症有防治作用。     

Expression and cellular distribution of multidrug resistance-related proteins in patients with focal cortical dysplasia.

Recent arouse of interest indicated that drug resistant proteins are markedly over-expressed in the epileptogenic tissue and they may be responsible for the one-third of the epileptic patients who were refractory to anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). Since several AEDs may act as substrates for these drug resistant proteins, the enhanced function of such proteins may increase drug extrusion, resulting in inadequate response to drug therapy in patients with epilepsy. We studied expression of the multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) in the epileptic tissues resected surgically in 28 patients with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) by immunohistochemistry. The results were compared with 10 normal necropsy brain tissues. Normal brain showed no MDR1 expression in neurons and astrocytes, while MRP1 expression was very weak, which were encountered in a few samples. MDR1 expression was mainly localized on the vascular endothelial cells. In contrast to normal brain, we found intense MDR1 and MRP1 expression in both neurons and reactive astrocytes in the vast majority of dysplastic tissues. The majority of the dysplastic neurons demonstrated moderate to strong MRP1 immunoreactivity. Endothelial cells showed both MDR1 and MRP1 expression in the majority of the specimens studied. Multidrug transporters are over-expressed in the epileptogenic zone in patients with FCD. These results are concordant with previous studies, in which over-expression of multidrug proteins were shown in epileptogenic brain tissue in patients with FCD, that the over-expression of drug transport proteins in tissue from patients with refractory epilepsy may explain one possible mechanism for drug resistant in these pathologies.     

改良无抽搐电休克合并氟西汀与单用氟西汀治疗抑郁症的对照研究

目的观察改良无抽搐电休克(MECT)合并氟西汀治疗抑郁症的疗效及副反应。方法将60例符合CCMD-3抑郁发作诊断标准的抑郁症患者随机分为MECT合并氟西汀治疗组和单用氟西汀治疗组,共观察6周。采用汉密顿抑郁量表、汉密顿焦虑量表、临床总体评定量表评定临床疗效,采用副反应量表评定副反应。结果根据HAMD评分,两组2周末显效率分别为80%、40%,两组间差异具有显著性(P<0.05);6周末显效率分别为93.3%、76.7%,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。MECT并氟西汀治疗组HAMA评分在1、2、4周末明显少于单用氟西汀组,且有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。MECT并氟西汀治疗并未增加副反应,且失眠少于氟西汀组(P<0.05)。结论MECT并氟西汀治疗抑郁症起效快、疗效确切、安全。     

Association between palmoplantar pustulosis and cigarette smoking in Brazil: a case–control study

Background  Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) discloses some differences compared to vulgar psoriasis (PV) in terms of age of onset, female predominance and low occurrence of psoriasis lesions elsewhere. Cigarette smoking has been associated to PPP in international studies; nevertheless, these studies were never performed among Brazilian.
Objectives  To compare prevalence of smoking among PPP, PV and other dermatologic patients (NPD).
Methods  Case–control study involving 25 PPP patients from a reference psoriasis centre. Two control groups were matched according to gender and age: 50 patients with PV and 50 NPD. Confounders were adjusted by conditional multiple logistic regression.
Results  Among cases, 84.0% were female and PPP age of disease onset (41.4 years) was greater than PV (34.5 years). Prevalence of ever smoking was higher among cases (92.0%) than PV (52.0%) and NPD (30.0%). Adjusted odds ratio of PPP ever smoking compared to PV and NPD was 9.5 and 36.2, respectively. All smokers reported the onset of their habit before the development of PPP.
Conclusions  There was significant association between PPP and smoking. However, the impact of giving it up in the clinical course of the disease remains to be established.