全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2201篇 |
免费 | 64篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 23篇 |
儿科学 | 161篇 |
妇产科学 | 80篇 |
基础医学 | 119篇 |
口腔科学 | 107篇 |
临床医学 | 164篇 |
内科学 | 427篇 |
皮肤病学 | 38篇 |
神经病学 | 106篇 |
特种医学 | 130篇 |
外科学 | 537篇 |
综合类 | 17篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 48篇 |
眼科学 | 114篇 |
药学 | 113篇 |
中国医学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 91篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 31篇 |
2020年 | 32篇 |
2019年 | 38篇 |
2018年 | 34篇 |
2017年 | 32篇 |
2016年 | 59篇 |
2015年 | 66篇 |
2014年 | 58篇 |
2013年 | 140篇 |
2012年 | 161篇 |
2011年 | 153篇 |
2010年 | 84篇 |
2009年 | 74篇 |
2008年 | 154篇 |
2007年 | 188篇 |
2006年 | 198篇 |
2005年 | 193篇 |
2004年 | 132篇 |
2003年 | 148篇 |
2002年 | 90篇 |
2001年 | 58篇 |
2000年 | 48篇 |
1999年 | 21篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2279条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
21.
22.
Sibel Ozkan Gurdal Ayse Nilufer Ozaydin Erkin Aribal Beyza Ozcinar Neslihan Cabiolu Cennet Sahin Vahit Ozmen 《Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)》2021,27(2):157
PURPOSEWe aimed to show the effects of long-term screening on clinical, pathologic, and survival outcomes in patients with screen-detected breast cancer and compare these findings with breast cancer patients registered in the National Breast Cancer Registry Data (NBCRD).METHODSWomen aged 40–69 years, living in Bahcesehir county, Istanbul, Turkey, were screened every 2 years using bilateral mammography. The Bahcesehir National Breast Cancer Registry Data (BMSP) data were collected during a 10-year screening period (five rounds of screening). BMSP data were compared with the NBCRD regarding age, cancer stage, types of surgery, tumor size, lymph node status, molecular subtypes, and survival rates.RESULTSDuring the 10-year screening period, 8758 women were screened with 22621 mammograms. Breast cancer was detected in 130 patients; 51 (39.2%) were aged 40–49 years. The comparison of breast cancer patients in the two programs revealed that BMSP patients had earlier stages, higher breast-conserving surgery rates, smaller tumor size, more frequent negative axillary nodal status, lower histologic grade, and higher ductal carcinoma in situ rates than NBCRD patients (p = 0.001, for all).CONCLUSIONThese results indicate the feasibility of successful population-based screening in middle-income countries.Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer and cause of cancer-related deaths among Turkish women, as well as globally (1–5). Although the incidence of breast cancer increases every year, mortality rates are decreasing in developed countries because of nationwide screening programs and modern treatment options (5, 6). An invited mammography screening program for women aged between 40 and 69 years revealed a 60% reduction in cancer-related 10-year mortality in a landmark study (7). A systematic review of Myers et al. (8) showed that breast cancer screening reduced mortality by 20% in average-risk women of all age groups. However, this review did not evaluate the differences between annual and biannual mammographic screening.In 2004, the Cancer Control Department of Turkey recommended biannual mammographic screening for women aged 50–69 years, based on European Guidelines. The population of Turkey is relatively young, and almost half of all breast cancer patients in Turkey are younger than 50 years. According to and National Breast Cancer Registry Data (NBCRD) reports, the starting age for mammography screening was set as 40 years. The Bahcesehir Mammographic Screening Program (BMSP) was the first organized population-based 10-year (2009–2019) mammography screening program in Turkey, a middle-income country.Turkish Federation of Breast Diseases Societies started a voluntary data registry program that was provided by breast surgeons working in secondary or tertiary hospitals. This program aimed to collect detailed information of breast cancer patients and to pool comprehensive country-specific breast cancer data. This registry, namely the NBCRD, was the first specified database on breast cancer in the country and was started in 2005, before the BMSP (9). Data from 36 centers were collected for 10 years. However, the cancer registry is a standard database containing general information as defined by the International Agency for Research on Cancer standards.The aim of this study was to show the feasibility of a population-based breast cancer screening program in an emerging, middle-income country, Turkey. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a population-based breast cancer screening program by comparing it with NBCRD data. 相似文献
23.
The objective of the study was to evaluate arterial morphologic changes of early atherosclerosis and changes in procalcitonin (PCT) levels in patients with acromegaly according to disease activity. Thirty-three active and 20 inactive acromegaly patients followed at Endocrinology-Metabolism out-patient clinic of Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty between 2004 and 2008 were included in the study. Twenty gender and age matched healthy subjects were included as the control group. Intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid arteries was measured by ultrasonography. Blood was drawn for biochemical tests and the serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and PCT. Intergroup analysis revealed no significant differences between Growth hormone (GH), insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and IMT (P?=?0.42, P?=?0.47 respectively). No significant differences were found in the fibrinogen, CRP and PCT levels of the acromegaly patients and the subjects in the control group (P?=?0.57, P?=?0.84, P?=?0.68 respectively). In the patients with IMT????1?mm, PCT (0.4 [IQR: 0.4?C0.55]) levels were significantly different from the patients without atherosclerosis (0.06 [IQR: 0.05?C0.12], P?<?0.001). The correlation between IMT and PCT (P?=?0.001, r?=?0.47) was more significant than the correlation between IMT and CRP (P?=?0.01, r?=?0.28). There was a positive correlation between IMT and atherosclerotic risk factors such as age (P?=?0.01, r?=?0.27) and body mass index (BMI; P?=?0.005, r?=?0.32). Our results showed that PCT increases before CRP and it can be useful for the assessment of premature atherosclerosis in acromegaly as well. 相似文献
24.
Effects of acute kidney injury on clinical outcomes in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Umit Cakmak Ozgur Merhametsiz Zafer Ercan Ayhan Haspulat Selma Karaahmetoglu Ozkan 《Renal failure》2016,38(2):176-184
Aim Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a very frequently encountered condition that has a high morbidity and which increases treatment costs. Duration of hospital stay and mortality increases in patients with UGIB complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI). The aim of this study was to reveal risk factors in patients with UGIB developing AKI and to compare clinical outcomes and hospital costs between patients with UGIB developing AKI and those with UGIB not developing AKI.Material and methods This retrospective study included 245 patients admitted to the emergency unit and the intensive care unit for internal diseases at Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Turkey. Results The difference in mortality rates between the patients with AKI and those without AKI was significant (p?0.001). The mean duration of intensive care unit stay was 0.2?±?1.1 days in the patients without AKI (n?=?143) and 2.5?±?5.6 days in the patients with AKI. It was significantly higher in the patients with AKI (p?0.001). Hospital stay was significantly longer in the patients with AKI than those without AKI, and as severity of AKI increased, hospital stay became considerably longer (p?0.001). Hospital costs were significantly higher in the patients with AKI than those without AKI, and as severity of AKI increased, hospital costs considerably rose (p?0.001). Conclusion AKI is a condition that lengthens hospital stay, increases hospital costs and creates a burden on health care systems. Detect kidney injury earlier and administering an appropriate treatment can improve clinical outcomes in patients with UGIB developing AKI. 相似文献
25.
26.
Sule Caglayan Sozmen M.D. Sakine Isik M.D. Zeynep Arikan Ayyildiz M.D. Kaan Yildiz M.D. Yasemin Cakır M.D. Erdener Ozer M.D. Suna Asilsoy Nevin Uzuner Ozkan Karaman Ozden Anal 《Pediatric dermatology》2015,32(2):e54-e57
Omenn syndrome is a combined immunodeficiency characterized by a generalized erythematous skin rash, enlarged lymph nodes, hepatosplenomegaly, severe susceptibility to infections, eosinophilia, and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. A 3‐month‐old girl was admitted to our hospital with a history of recurrent sepsis. Physical examination revealed severe erythroderma, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and failure to thrive. Laboratory findings revealed leukocytosis, lymphocytosis with high CD3 T‐cells, a high CD4:CD8 ratio, absence of CD19 B‐cells, high eosinophil count, and low immunoglobulin levels. A heterozygote RAG1 gene mutation was found. She had itchy, scaling, ichthyosiform erythroderma and protracted diarrhea. Cyclosporin treatment up to 10 mg/kg effectively resolved erythroderma and lowered total eosinophil counts, and she gained weight during treatment. Since extensive erythroderma with generalized itching causes patient discomfort in Omenn syndrome, cyclosporin treatment can be considered while waiting for treatment with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 相似文献
27.
M Gecgelen A Aksoy P Kirdemir DK Doguc G Cesur O Koskan O Ozorak 《Journal of oral rehabilitation》2012,39(10):767-775
Summary The purpose of this study was to use salivary cortisol levels, pressure pain threshold (PPT) and Spielberger’s State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) to assess stress, anxiety and pain during the expansion and retention phase of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in children and investigate to whether this parameters are associated with gender or skeletal maturity stages. STAIC was used to assess the anxiety levels of the children. Salivary samples were collected for stress hormone determination. Visual Analog Scale was used for pain determination. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was measured by using algometer. Data collection was performed a week before RME treatment (T0), at the day of the expansion appliance was bonded (T1), at the days of 1st, 4th, 7th, 14th, 25th, 36th activations of expansion screw (T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7) and after the retention period of 3 months (T8). The results of this study showed that the differences were statistically significant within‐day (P < 0·001) and within‐hours (P < 0·001) in cortisol levels during treatment. PPT levels were statistically significant within sex differences and skeletal maturity stages (P < 0·05). State‐trait anxiety scale scores were similar with respect to gender (P > 0·05). There were statistically significant differences of state‐trait anxiety levels between pre and post‐treatment stages (P < 0·05). The maximum number of patients reporting pain were days at T3 and T4. From day T5 the percentage of patients reporting pain then gradually reduced. Based on the findings of this study, it has been shown that RME leads to changes in patients’ state‐trait anxiety and cortisol levels. 相似文献
28.
Ebru Akgul M.D. Utku Kutuk M.D. Sibel Ertek M.D. Mustafa Cesur M.D. Sengul Cehreli M.D. Hasan Fehmi Tore M.D. Gurbuz Erdogan M.D. 《Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)》2011,28(1):15-21
Objective: Autoimmune chronic thyroiditis (ACT) is characterized by lymphocyte infiltration in the thyroid gland and the presence of antithyroid antibodies in serum. Medical treatment does not affect antibody levels and treatment decision is not definite yet for the euthyroid patients. We aimed to evaluate cardiac autonomic function and global left ventricular performance in autoimmune euthyroid chronic thyroiditis and determine the need for medical treatment. Method: We studied 30 ACT patients and 25 healthy control subjects. Cardiac autonomic function is evaluated by heart rate recovery (HRR). Global left ventricular performance is evaluated by two‐dimensional echocardiography and pulsed‐wave tissue Doppler echocardiography. Results: There was no difference between patients and controls with respect to clinical and biochemical parameters except hemoglobin (13.67 ± 1.25 g/dL, 14.51 ± 1.35 g/dL, p:0.047) and low density lipoprotein (120.71 ± 24.91 mg/dL, 100.55 ± 14.73 mg/dL, p: 0.003). Tei index was significantly higher in ACT group (0.521 ± 0.074, 0.434 ± 0.034, P < 0.0001). E′/A′ was found to be significantly lower (1.234 ± 0.42, 1.750 ± 0.291, P < 0.0001) and E/E′ was found to be higher than the controls (8.482 ± 0.449, 6.039 ± 0.209, P < 0.0001). HRR was significantly lower than the controls (20 ± 4 BPM, 30 ± 8 BPM, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Although left ventricular performance is found to be normal by conventional echocardiographic methods, it is found to be impaired when Tei index and tissue Doppler parameters are used. Cardiac autonomic function is also impaired in ACT patients. As a result of these cardiac changes, medical treatment may be considered earlier, even at the euthyroid stage. (Echocardiography 2011;28:15‐21) 相似文献
29.
30.