体外诱导猕猴骨髓基质干细胞向雪旺细胞分化

目的探讨体外诱导猕猴骨髓基质干细胞向雪旺细胞分化的实验方法。方法采用BME、b-FGF、ATRA、BDNF、heregulin、Forskolin、PDGF依次联合诱导,倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态学变化,免疫细胞化学鉴定S-100蛋白、GFAP和P75受体的表达率。结果诱导后的猕猴骨髓基质干细胞具有类似雪旺细胞的形态,免疫细胞化学结果显示S-100蛋白、GFAP和P75受体的表达率分别为(66.8±4.6)%、(57.3±5.4)%和(72.4±5.9)%。结论采用BME、ATRA、BDNF、heregulin、Forskolin、b-FGF、PDGF依次联合诱导,可使猕猴骨髓基质干细胞在体外向雪旺样细胞分化。     

Management of displaced ankle fractures

BACKGROUND: Ankle fractures excluding pilon fractures, account for approximately 9% of all fractures with the majority being OTA type B injuries. Although surgeons generally treat undisplaced or minimally displaced injuries nonoperatively and displaced fractures operatively, opinions diverge regarding the management of those displaced fractures with acceptable closed reduction. There is also debate about the use of biodegradable implants in operatively managed ankle fractures, the type and technique of fixation for operatively treated syndesmotic injuries as well as the approach to postoperative rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to review the highest level of available evidence on the operative management of ankle fractures. We focused specifically on studies comparing (1) nonoperative versus operative management of displaced ankle fractures, (2) biodegradable versus metal implants, (3) syndesmotic fixation, and (4) postoperative rehabilitation protocols.     

Diabetic foot care: multilingual translation of a patient education leaflet

The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society "Diabetic Foot Care" patient education leaflet was revised to improve the layout and emphasis of key concepts of preventive care. This included review of daily foot and shoe examination, danger signs, daily washing and foot care, shoe fitting, medical care, and avoidance of dangerous acts. The leaflet was expanded to occupy two sides of a page, retaining the capability of production in tear-off sheet format to facilitate distribution to patients in the clinical office. Furthermore, the leaflet was translated into 19 other languages for diabetic patients in the United States and around the world with limited English language comprehension.     

带血管蒂肌骨瓣移植治疗股骨颈骨折

本文通过对2例55～60岁股骨颈骨折,用切开复位、内固定、带血管蒂肌骨瓣移植治疗,术后3～4周出院,6～8周扶拐下床活动,12～16周达到骨性愈合,术后5个月均恢复伤前从事的正常全日制工作或家务劳动,随诊1年8个月至6年,无股骨头缺血性坏死。作者对手术方法及典型病例作了介绍,并讨论了取得优秀治疗结果的主要原因。     

用一种新型加压螺钉治疗踝关节骨折

作者用一种自行设制的新型加压螺钉治疗各种类型的踝关节骨折,采用改良式的 ccdell方法,从主观、客观及放射学三方面加以综合评价,结果显示:该加压螺钉具有固定牢靠,加压等优点,不仅可促进骨折愈合,而且能有效地纠正腓骨短缩移位,允许早期关节功能锻练,促进关节功能恢复。     

先天性佝偻病患儿血清骨碱性磷酸酶与母亲妊娠因素的关系

采用全血干化学免疫浓缩法测定了先天性佝偻病患儿血清BALP水平;其中200IU/L～48例,30OIU/L～45例,400IU/L～32例;正常对照组31例,血清BALP均<2O0IU/L.同时观察到检测结果与母亲妊娠时维生素D用药情况、户外活动、饮食精况及有无低钙所致腓肠肌痉挛症状、妊娠最后3个月季节呈相关性(P<0.05).经logistic逐步回归分析发现维生素D用药情况,户外活动对先天性佝偻病的发病影响最为重要.观察结果说明妊娠母亲的状况与先天性佝偻病有密切关系,所以佝偻病的预防要从围产期开始.