Association of asthma and hay fever with irregular menstruation

BACKGROUND: There is some evidence that asthmatic women are more likely to have abnormal sex hormone levels. A study was undertaken to determine whether asthma and allergy were associated with irregular menstruation in a general population, and the potential role of asthma medication for this association. METHODS: A total of 8588 women (response rate 77%) participated in an 8 year follow up postal questionnaire study of participants of the ECRHS stage I in Denmark, Estonia, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Only non-pregnant women not taking exogenous sex hormones were included in the analyses (n = 6137). RESULTS: Irregular menstruation was associated with asthma (OR 1.54 (95% CI 1.11 to 2.13)), asthma symptoms (OR 1.47 (95% CI 1.16 to 1.86)), hay fever (OR 1.29 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.57)), and asthma preceded by hay fever (OR 1.95 (95% CI 1.30 to 2.96)) among women aged 26-42 years. This was also observed in women not taking asthma medication (asthma symptoms: OR 1.44 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.91); hay fever: OR 1.27 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.58); wheeze preceded by hay fever: OR 1.76 (95% CI 1.18 to 2.64)). Irregular menstruation was associated with new onset asthma in younger women (OR 1.58 (95% CI 1.03 to 2.42)) but not in women aged 42-54 years (OR 0.62 (95% CI 0.32 to 1.18)). The results were consistent across centres. CONCLUSIONS: Younger women with asthma and allergy were more likely to have irregular menstruation. This could not be attributed to current use of asthma medication. The association could possibly be explained by common underlying metabolic or developmental factors. The authors hypothesise that insulin resistance may play a role in asthma and allergy.     

Cadherin-Catenin复合体在胃癌中的表达及生物学意义

目的:探讨Cadherin-Catenin复合体在胃癌癌变过程中的表达及生物学意义。方法:建立组织芯片技术平台,应用该技术和免疫组化sp法检测2种蛋白在胃癌石蜡标本中的表达。结果:126例标本的组织芯片制备成功。其中E-cad在4组中的阳性率分别为86.7%,80.7%,55%和53.8%,胃癌组与正常胃和胃炎组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05和P<0.05)。而β-cat的阳性率分别为93.3%,57.7%,55%和49.2%,其中胃癌组,胃上皮非典型增生,胃炎组与正常组比较均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05和P<0.05)。两种蛋白的表达与胃癌的组织分化和淋巴结转移显著相关,但与年龄、临床分期等无明显相关。结论:建立了组织芯片技术平台,本研究中E-cad、β-cat的表达下调指示二者与胃癌发生密切相关,且均与胃癌组织分化和淋巴结转移密切相关,联合检测E-cad、β-cat可作为预测胃癌发生和发展的肿瘤标志物。     

熔融高速搅拌法制备氢氯噻嗪缓释微丸

通过对处方和工艺进行优化和筛选 ,采用熔融高速搅拌法制备了利尿药氢氯噻嗪的缓释微丸。结果表明 :以固体石蜡和单硬脂酸甘油酯为粘合剂 ,在 6 4℃、70 0r/min条件下操作 ,成粒子后再加入少量固体石蜡和钙盐 ,继续搅拌 ,降温整粒 8min可得圆整的缓释微丸。验证了应用熔融高速搅拌法制备氢氯噻嗪缓释微丸的适用性和技术特殊性 ,为工业生产奠定了基础。     

HLA配型与肾移植术后早期急性排斥反应的关系

目的 研究ＨＬＡ配型与尸体肾移植术后早期急性排斥反应的关系。方法 将２６２例尸体肾移植受者按ＨＬＡ配型的误配率（ＭＭ）进行分组,统计各组术后１～２个月内急性排斥反应的发生次数。结果 当ＭＭ〉３时,若接受的器官ＨＬＡ抗原／基因为可接受性,术后急性排斥反应的发生率为１６．４％;若供体器官ＨＬＡ抗原／基因具免疫原性,则急性排斥反应的发生率为３３．１％,两者比较,Ｐ〈０．０５。结论 供受者间ＨＬＡ配型越好     

B超引导穿刺的微通道经皮肾镜碎石术治疗肾盏结石

目的 评价B超引导穿刺的微通道( F12F16)经皮肾镜碎石术治疗肾盏结石的安全性和有效性.方法 2009年5月2011年8月共收治ESWL无效及透X线肾盏结石44例(44侧肾结石),其中下盏结石24侧,中盏结石11侧,分支性肾盂上盏合并下盏结石9侧,结石长径(16.14±5.12)mm.采用B超引导穿刺的微通道(F12～F16)经皮肾镜碎石术,气压弹道击碎并清除结石.结果 44例均一期建立通道并碎石,其中单通道36侧肾,双通道9侧肾;经上盏建立通道9个,经中盏11个,经下盏33个.手术时间(49.3±10.9)min,一期手术结石清除率97.73％ (43/44).术后血红蛋白含量较术前下降(9.13±3.7)g/L.围手术期无输血,与手术相关的感染发生率为6.18％ (3/44),主要表现为术后发热,无气胸或腹腔脏器损伤.44例随访6～20个月,平均11.4个月,1例残余结石排出,术后6个月结石复发率为2.27％(1/44),1年结石复发率为6.18％ (3/44).结论 B超引导穿刺的微通道经皮肾镜碎石术治疗肾盏结石有效、安全,是此类结石的首选治疗方法.     

Scanning electron microscopic study of Streptococcus mutans BHT lysed by lysozyme

The effects of purified salivary lysozyme (HSL) and hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) on the surface structure of Streptococcus mutans BHT were studied with the aid of scanning electron microscopy. In parallel experiments bacteriolysis was monitored by liberation of ³H-thymidine incorporated into the bacteria. Control cells maintained their shape and had intact cell walls during the experimental period. Exposure of the cells to HSL (5.0 U/ml) or HEWL (5.0 μg/ml) for 3 and 18 h resulted in progressive destruction of cell structure. Some cells exhibited ruptures of the cell walls on top of spherical swellings, predominantly located at the ends of the bacteria. After 18 h the majority were disrupted in the septal area leaving numerous empty cup-shaped cell walls in the preparations. The findings of the electron microscopic examination were confirmed in the biochemical assay.     

Thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator or streptokinase induces transient thrombin activity

We have determined the plasma level of fibrinopeptide A as a specific index of thrombin activity during the infusion of a thrombolytic agent in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Peripheral venous plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A increased following the initiation of thrombolytic therapy from 2.7 nmol/L to a peak of 13.0 nmol/L at 30 minutes with streptokinase and from 1.1 nmol/L to a peak of 10.7 nmol/L at 90 minutes with tissue plasminogen activator. The amount of fibrinogen converted to fibrin I was determined by integration of the plasma level of fibrinopeptide A over time. The amount of fibrin I formed over the five-hour period from the start of drug infusion was approximately 10 mg/dL in response to either streptokinase or recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. We conclude that activation of coagulation occurs in response to thrombolytic therapy despite heparin administration. This thrombin action, though transient, would be sufficient to cause rethrombosis if localized and incompletely opposed by fibrinolytic activity.