Association between labour market trends and trends in young people's mental health in ten European countries 1983-2005

Background  

Mental health problems have become more common among young people over the last twenty years, especially in certain countries. The reasons for this have remained unclear. The hypothesis tested in this study is that national trends in young people's mental health are associated with national trends in young people's labour market.     

Leg ulceration and ethnicity: a study in west London

Little is known of the influence race has on the development of leg ulceration, with most studies being performed in almost exclusively white populations. As part of a wider audit of leg ulcer services, health care professionals were contacted to give details of age, sex and ethnic background of all patients who attended for treatment of leg ulceration over a one year period in an area of west London. West London Health Care Trust provides services to a population of 275000 of whom 53000 have an ethnic background from the Indian subcontinent (South Asian).In all, 280 patients were identified, of whom 264 (94%) had details of age and sex. This gave a crude ascertainment rate of 1.02 per 1000 population. Of the 264 patients, five were classified as South Asians, with one patient classified as Afro-caribbean. The Mantel Haenzsel test demonstrated a significantly higher proportion of whites suffering from leg ulceration than South Asians, giving an odds ratio of 4.43, with 95% confidence intervals between 1.94 and 10.13 (P=0.0004). The expected frequency of South Asian patients should be 23, based on rates from the white population, of which 13 would be women and 10 men. Only five South Asian men were identified, and no Asian women with leg ulceration.Reasons for this low ascertainment are two-fold. Either there is a real difference between the white and South Asian populations, or South Asian patients are not presenting for treatment. Further work must be performed to determine whether this is an effect of low prevalence, or unmet need in the community.