Aminoglycoside-associated hypomagnesaemia in children with cystic fibrosis

Hypomagnesaemia in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) is under-recognized. We report a child with CF who developed significant hypomagnesaemia following intravenous (i.v.) treatment with aminoglycosides for exacerbations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Three additional cases have also been observed. Investigations in two patients have revealed excessive renal loss of magnesium. It is postulated that renal tubular damage secondary to the cumulative effects of repeated courses of aminoglycosides resulted in hypomagnesaemia, and we suggest screening for this problem by monitoring serum magnesium regularly in all patients with CF receiving multiple courses of aminoglycosides.     

Comparison of patch test results among white Europeans and patients from the Indian subcontinent living within the same community

Background There are few studies comparing the incidence of allergic contact dermatitis among different racial groups living within the same community. Objectives The objectives of this study were to compare white European patients with Fitzpatrick's skin phototypes (FSP) I to IV and patients from Indian, Pakistan and Bangladesh with FSP V living within the same community. Referral rates for patch testing, incidence of contact allergies and differences in contact allergens found were assessed. Method All patients referred to the Contact Dermatitis Unit at Dewsbury and District Hospital between 2004 and 2006, inclusive, were included in the study. All patients were patch tested to the British Contact Dermatitis Society standard series, plus other series according to their clinical history, occupational history and clinical findings. Results Four hundred and thirty‐five consecutive patients from the patch testing clinic were included in the study. Fewer patients from the Indian subcontinent underwent patch testing (11.5%) than would have been expected for the size of the local population (18%). Fewer patients from the Indian subcontinent (44%) had one or more positive reactions compared with the white European patients (56%). No significant differences in the contact allergens responsible were detected between the two racial groups. Conclusion There is a lower incidence of positive patch test results among patients with racial origins from the Indian subcontinent compared with white Europeans. This modest difference could be explained by a lower average age within the study population, and increased or differing exposure to contact allergens rather than demonstration of variability in the susceptibility to develop contact sensitivities following equal exposure.     

波尔山羊重复超排效果的研究

对 2 0只波尔山羊实施两次超排处理。其结果如下 :1.第 1次超排处理时 2 0只供体羊全部发情并进行采卵 ,超排有效率为 10 0 % ;平均排卵数为 2 0 .2 5枚 /只 ,平均采集胚胎数 19.2 5枚 /只 ,平均采集可用胚胎数为 17.3枚 /只 ;第 2次超排处理时有 3只羊推迟发情 ,超排有效率为 85 % ;平均排卵数 19.2 9枚 /只 ,平均采集胚胎数 18.5 3枚 /只 ,平均采集可用胚胎数 17.35枚 /只 ;2 .两次超排所获得的平均可用胚胎数差异不显著(p >0 .0 5 )。     

Psoriasis and diabetes: a population-based cross-sectional study

Background Previous reports have shown an association between psoriasis and the metabolic syndrome, but there are only a few studies on the association between psoriasis and diabetes. Objectives To study the association between psoriasis and diabetes. Methods A cross‐sectional study was performed utilizing the database of Clalit Health Services (CHS). Patients who were diagnosed with psoriasis were compared with CHS enrolees without psoriasis regarding the prevalence of diabetes. Patients with diabetes were identified using the CHS chronic diseases registry. Chi‐squared tests were used to compare categorical parameters. Logistic regression models were used for multivariate analyses. Results The study included 16 851 patients with psoriasis and 74 987 subjects without psoriasis (control patients). The proportion of diabetes was significantly higher in patients above 35 years (P < 0.05). The age‐adjusted proportion of diabetes was significantly higher in psoriasis patients as compared to the control group [odds ratio (OR), 1.38, P < 0.05] and was similar in men and women (OR, 1.32, 1.45, respectively). A multivariate logistic regression model showed that psoriasis was significantly associated with diabetes, independently of age and gender (OR, 1.58, P < 0.001). Conclusions Our study supports previous reports of an association between psoriasis and diabetes. Dermatologists taking care of patients with psoriasis should be aware of this association and advise the patients to reduce additional risk factors such as smoking, hypertension or dyslipidemia.     

HIV-associated lipodystrophy

The HIV associated lipodystrophy syndrome is characterized by fat loss from the periphery, fat accumulation in the abdominal, dorsocervical regions and breasts, and hyperlipidaemia, insulin resistance and lactic acidaemia. Although several mechanisms have been proposed to explain these abnormalities, the exact aetiology of the condition remains unclear and will likely prove to be complex. The principal clinical concerns that arise from this disorder are possible increased risks of premature atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. A variety of therapeutic interventions, designed to limit these risks, are under evaluation.     

伴胸腺样成分的甲状腺癌八例报告

研究伴有胸腺样成甲状腺癌的组织发生，形态学和生物学牧场生，以区别于一般鳞状细胞。方法分析患者的临床资料，包括主要体征，手术记录及生存时间，并复习全部病理切片。结果伴有ＣＡＳＴＬＥ的甲状腺癌不同于鳞癌，不仅有典型的鳞状分化特点，亦伴有胸腺分化特征，如哈氏小体，淋巴上皮样结构和间质淋巴组织增生。