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11.
It has been suggested that environmental exposures and living conditions can explain some of the worldwide variation in atopic disorders. Norway has large environmental contrasts within the country. We compared skin prick sensitization rates among school children living in the southern subarctic and in the northern artic part of Norway. Approximately one quarter of the children were sensitized, mostly against pollen and animal dander, while mite and mould sensitization seemed to be a minor problem. Sensitization rates and profiles were similar in the north and south despite differences in living conditions and environmental exposures. 相似文献
12.
Ingrid J. Bettum Kotryna Vasiliauskaite Vigdis Nygaard Trevor Clancy Solveig J. Pettersen Ellen Tenstad Gunhild M. Mælandsmo Lina Prasmickaite 《Cancer letters》2014
Tumor cells have the ability to exploit stromal cells to facilitate metastasis. By using malignant melanoma as a model, we show that the stroma adjacent to metastatic lesions is enriched in the known metastasis-promoting protein S100A4. S100A4 stimulates cancer cells to secrete paracrine factors, such as inflammatory cytokines IL8, CCL2 and SAA, which activate stromal cells (endothelial cells and monocytes) so that they acquire tumor-supportive properties. Our data establishes S100A4 as an inducer of a cytokine network enabling tumor cells to engage angiogenic and inflammatory stromal cells, which might contribute to pro-metastatic activity of S100A4. 相似文献
13.
Ingrid E. Nygaard Nadia M. Hamad Janet M. Shaw 《International urogynecology journal》2013,24(5):719-724
Many surgeons recommend rest and restricting activities to their patients after surgery. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature regarding types of activities gynecologic surgeons restrict and intra-abdominal pressure during specific activities and to provide an overview of negative effects of sedentary behavior (rest). We searched PubMed and Scopus for years 1970 until present and excluded studies that described recovery of activities of daily living after surgery as well as those that assessed intra-abdominal pressure for other reasons such as abdominal compartment syndrome and hypertension. For our review of intra-abdominal pressure, we excluded studies that did not include a generally healthy population, or did not report maximal intra-abdominal pressures. We identified no randomized trial or prospective cohort study that studied the association between postoperative activity and surgical success after pelvic floor repair. The ranges of intra-abdominal pressures during specific activities are large and such pressures during activities commonly restricted and not restricted after surgery overlap considerably. There is little concordance in mean peak intra-abdominal pressures across studies. Intra-abdominal pressure depends on many factors, but not least the manner in which it is measured and reported. Given trends towards shorter hospital stays and off work intervals, which both predispose women to higher levels of physical activity, we urge research efforts towards understanding the role of physical activity on recurrence of pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence after surgery. 相似文献
14.
Tone Nygaard Flølo Grethe S. Tell Ronette L. Kolotkin Anny Aasprang Tone M. Norekvål Villy Våge John R. Andersen 《Surgery for obesity and related diseases》2019,15(2):161-167
Background
A person's confidence to control eating, eating self-efficacy (ESE), has been identified as a target for long-term weight management in nonsurgical weight loss interventions, but has to a limited extent been studied after bariatric surgery.Objective
We investigated the association between ESE, weight loss, and obesity-specific quality of life (QOL) after sleeve gastrectomy (SG).Setting
A single-center longitudinal study.Methods
Data from adult patients were collected before SG, and at mean 16 months (±standard deviation 4 mo) and 55 (±4) months postoperatively. ESE was measured by the Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire Short-Form. Multiple regression analyses were performed with excess body mass index loss (%EBMIL) and obesity-specific QOL as dependent variables. Age, sex, and other preoperative values were covariates in all models.Results
Of 114 preoperative patients, 91 (80%) and 84 (74%) were available for follow-up 16 and 55 months after SG, respectively. Mean %EBMIL from baseline to 16 and 55 months was 76% (95% confidence interval: 71.9, 79.6) and 67% (95% confidence interval: 61.9, 72.2), respectively. Preoperative ESE scores improved significantly at both 16 and 55 months (P?=?.002) but did not predict postoperative %EBMIL or QOL at 55 months (β?=??.08, P?=?.485). Greater change in ESE from 0 to 16 months predicted higher %EBMIL (β?=?.34, P?=?.013) at 55 months, and improvements in ESE from 0 to 55 months were significantly associated with higher %EBMIL (β?=?.46, P?=?.001) and obesity-specific QOL (β?=?.50, P < .001) 55 months after SG.Conclusion
Significant improvements in ESE were seen at 16 months, and remained high at 55 months after SG in this cohort. Patients who improved their ESE the most also experienced the highest weight loss and obesity-specific QOL 5 years postoperatively. Future research should address whether enhancement of ESE corresponds to sustained improvements in eating behavior after bariatric surgery. 相似文献15.
Niels O. B. Thomsen Claus H. Jensen Helle Nygaard 《Journal of plastic surgery and hand surgery》2013,47(3):253-256
Twenty-three patients (25 thumbs) were treated by tendon interposition arthroplasty for trapeziometacarpal arthrosis as described by Weilby and modified slightly as described by Burton and Pellegrini. There was good (4/25, 16%) or complete (19/25, 76%) pain relief in 23 (92%) of the cases. Activities of daily living were generally easier. Mobility and strength of the thumb were satisfactory. One patient had signs of instability during a stress test. We conclude that our technique produces a stable and pain-free thumb joint. However, careful selection of the patients for this procedure is essential, and the patient must be given comprehensive information about all stages. 相似文献
16.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder, with a rapidly increasing worldwide prevalence. Although no cure for AD has yet been found, substantial progress has been made in our understanding of AD pathogenesis. This progress has led to the development of numerous promising compounds in various stages of clinical testing. In this review, the current pharmacologic treatments for AD are discussed in detail, followed by an overview of the main experimental strategies that will shape AD therapeutics over the next decade. 相似文献
17.
Velocity fields and turbulent stresses downstream of biological and mechanical aortic valve prostheses implanted in pigs 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
J M Hasenkam E M Pedersen J H Ostergaard H Nygaard P K Paulsen G Johannsen B A Schurizek 《Cardiovascular research》1988,22(7):472-483
Since detailed knowledge about velocity fields downstream of heart valve prostheses obtained from in vitro studies has not been followed up by similar detailed studies in vivo a pig model for acute velocity field studies downstream of aortic valve prostheses was established. Two mechanical and two bioprosthetic valves were studied and a dynamic three dimensional visualisation of velocity fields one diameter downstream performed under different haemodynamic conditions in a total of 22 pigs. The Ionescu-Shiley pericardial valve had velocity fields very similar to the normal native porcine aortic valve. The Edwards-Carpentier porcine valve caused a jet type flow, and the valve design of the St Jude Medical and Bj?rk-Shiley Monostrut valves was reflected in the velocity profile. Normalised (mean(SEM] systolic Reynolds normal stresses in the total cross sectional area were: native porcine 15(1.5) Nm-2; St Jude Medical 24(3.4) Nm-2; Bj?rk-Shiley Monostrut 25(1.6) Nm-2; Edwards-Carpentier Supra-annular 51(6.6) Nm-2; Ionescu-Shiley Pericardial 19(2.0) Nm-2. Reynolds normal stresses were higher in areas of rapidly changing or constantly high velocity gradients. 相似文献
18.
D E Haines G A Beller D D Watson T W Nygaard G B Craddock A A Cooper R S Gibson 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》1985,6(5):995-1003
To elucidate the functional and prognostic significance of right ventricular dysfunction after acute inferior wall myocardial infarction, 74 consecutive patients with inferior infarction were prospectively evaluated with gated equilibrium blood pool imaging at rest, submaximal exercise thallium-201 scintigraphy and coronary angiography before hospital discharge. In addition, symptom-limited stress thallium-201 scintigraphy was performed in 61 patients at 3 months, and all patients were followed up clinically for 23 +/- 15 months. Utilizing predetermined radionuclide angiographic criteria, 47 patients (Group I) had normal right ventricular function, 12 patients (Group II) had mild to moderate dysfunction and 15 patients (Group III) had severe right ventricular dysfunction. There were no significant differences among the groups with regard to age, history of prior myocardial infarction, peak creatine kinase values, maximal Killip functional class, number or type of in-hospital complications, left ventricular ejection fraction, prevalence of multivessel disease or the distribution and severity of disease affecting the infarct-related vessel. Exercise tolerance as assessed by treadmill time, blood pressure-heart rate product and peak work load in METS was comparable among the three groups, both before hospital discharge and at 3 month follow-up. No differences in indicators of exercise-induced ischemia were noted among the groups, including the prevalence of redistribution thallium-201 defects, ST segment depression or symptoms of chest pain. Finally, cardiac mortality, reinfarction rate and the incidence of medically refractory angina pectoris were similar in the three groups. Thus, right ventricular dysfunction after acute inferior wall myocardial infarction does not appear to limit exercise tolerance or identify a subgroup of patients at higher risk for recurrent cardiac events. 相似文献
19.
Nicole K. Paulk Katja Pekrun Erhua Zhu Sean Nygaard Bin Li Jianpeng Xu Kirk Chu Christian Leborgne Allison P. Dane Annelise Haft Yue Zhang Feijie Zhang Chris Morton Marcus B. Valentine Andrew M. Davidoff Amit C. Nathwani Federico Mingozzi Markus Grompe Mark A. Kay 《Molecular therapy》2018,26(1):289-303
20.