几种植物来源不同作用机制的抗癌药抗侵袭作用

用细胞培养法和癌细胞侵袭实验,观察几种植物来源不同作用机理的抗癌药如紫杉醇、三尖杉酯碱、高三尖杉酯碱及喜树碱^[1],对黑色素瘤高转移株B16-BL6细胞及人纤维肉瘤细胞HT-1080的细胞毒作用和抗侵袭作用。结果表明紫杉醇、三尖杉酯碱、高三尖杉酯碱及喜树碱对B16-BL6和HT-1080细胞增殖均有很强的抑制作用。紫杉醇、三尖杉酯碱及高三尖杉酯碱对B16-BL6细胞侵袭和运动也有明显的抑制作用,而喜树碱在同样浓度下对B16-BL6细胞侵袭和运动均无明显抑制。     

W／H^2和W／H^3指数在儿童少年肥胖评价中的适用性

身高体重指数因其测量计算简便、误差小而在儿童少年肥胖评价中逐渐受到重视，但Ｗ／Ｈ２和Ｗ／Ｈ３在儿童少年肥胖评价中的适用性仍有争议，为了探讨两指数在儿童少年肥胖评价中的适用性，在西安市７～１８岁儿童少年中进行了本研究，结果发现在７～１３岁间Ｗ／Ｈ３指数比Ｗ／Ｈ２指数好，而在１４岁以后Ｗ／Ｈ２比Ｗ／Ｈ３更合适。     

Rapid chemical kinetic techniques for investigations of neurotransmitter receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes

Xenopus laevis oocytes have been used extensively during the past decade to express and study neurotransmitter receptors of various origins and subunit composition and also to express and study receptors altered by site-specific mutations. Interpretations of the effects of structural differences on receptor mechanisms were, however, hampered by a lack of rapid chemical reaction techniques suitable for use with oocytes. Here we describe flow and photolysis techniques, with 2-ms and 100-μs time resolution, respectively, for studying neurotransmitter receptors in giant (≈20-μm diameter) patches of oocyte membranes, using muscle and neuronal acetylcholine receptors as examples. With these techniques, we find that the muscle receptor in BC₃H1 cells and the same receptor expressed in oocytes have comparable kinetic properties. This finding is in contrast to previous studies and raises questions regarding the interpretations of the many studies of receptors expressed in oocytes in which an insufficient time resolution was available. The results obtained indicate that the rapid reaction techniques described here, in conjunction with the oocyte expression system, will be useful in answering many outstanding questions regarding the structure and function of diverse neurotransmitter receptors.     

Action of the drug Herba Epimedii on testosterone of the mouse plasma and its accessory sexual organ before and after processing

In this report, the traditional idea that sheep fat processed Herba Epimedii warms the kidney and thus invigorate "Yang" has been tested and verified by modern pharmacological methods. Experimental findings indicate that raw Herba Epimedii does not help improve the sexual function, while well processed Herba Epimedii produces apparent effects on the improvement of sexuality.     

生后人肺神经内分泌细胞的形态学观察—免疫组织化学及电镜研究

用银染色法、免疫组织化学及透射电镜技术，对３６例人肺的神经内分泌细胞进行了形态学和免疫组织化学观察。提示ＮＥ细胞发生了废用性退化，其原因可能与出生前后人肺功能改变有关。     

神经元性一氧化氮合酶活性在app/ps1双转基因AD模型小鼠皮质和海马的分布

本实验用 4～ 5月龄和 15～ 16月龄的 app/ ps1dtg小鼠各 5只 ,同龄野生型小鼠每个年龄组各 5只 ,用β-NADPH组织化学染色显示神经元一氧化氮合酶活性 ,刚果红组织学染色显示神经炎性斑 ,无偏性体视学计量皮质和海马神经炎斑的总体积 ,研究神经元一氧化氮合酶活性在 app/ ps1双转基因 (app/ ps1dtg) AD模型小鼠大脑皮质和海马的异常分布 ,探讨其在该模型小鼠及 AD患者脑内病理改变中的作用。结果显示 ,n NOS阳性神经元在各组小鼠皮质和海马内的分布没有区别 ,4～ 5月龄 app/ps1dtg小鼠皮质和海马可见神经炎斑 (NP)和营养不良性 NOS阳性神经突 (DTN) ;15～ 16月龄 app/ ps1dtg小鼠皮质和海马内NP的体积分别是 4～ 5月龄 app/ ps1dtg小鼠皮质 NP的 5倍 (P<0 .0 0 5 )和 8倍 (P<0 .0 0 1) ;15～ 16月龄 app/ ps1dtg小鼠皮质内 DTN的体积明显增大 (P<0 .0 1) ;且伴有 NOS阳性神经元形态的改变及海马 CA1 区 NOS阳性神经元数量的减少 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,DTN的形成与 NP呈正相关关系 (r=0 .85 ,P<0 .0 5 )。本实验结果表明 ,app/ ps1dtg小鼠能够模拟 AD患者脑内 NOS阳性神经元的病理改变 ,DTN的形成可能与 Aβ的毒性作用有关 ,DTN产生的 NO可能参与 app/ ps1dtg小鼠和 AD的神经病理过程。     

High density of immobilized galactose ligand enhances hepatocyte attachment and function

Galactosylated surface is an attractive substrate for hepatocyte culture because of the specific interaction between the galactose ligand and the asialoglycoprotein receptor on hepatocytes. In this study, we described a scheme to achieve high density of immobilized galactose ligands on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) surface by first surface-grafting polyacrylic acid on plasma-pretreated PET film under UV irradiation, followed by conjugation of a galactose derivative (1-O-(6'-aminohexyl)-D-galactopyranoside) to the grafted polyacrylic acid chains. A high galactose density of 513 nmol/cm(2) on the PET surface was used in this study to investigate the behavior of cultured hepatocyte. This engineered substrate showed high affinity to fluorescein isothiocyanate-lectin binding. Primary rat hepatocytes, when seeded at a density of 2 x 10(5) cells/cm(2), attached to the galactosylated PET substrate at a similar efficiency compared with collagen-coated substrate. The hepatocytes spontaneously formed aggregates 1 day after cell seeding and showed better maintenance of albumin secretion and urea synthesis functions than those cultured on collagen-coated surface.     

Hyperplastic epithelial foci in honeycomb lesions in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Seventy-two cases of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) were examined from 2856 consecutive autopsy cases at the Japanese Red Cross Medical Center in Tokyo from 1973-1996. Primary lung cancer had arisen in 31 of 72 cases of IPF (43%), significantly higher than the incidence in cases without IPF (8.1%) and in the cases with non-IPF chronic lung diseases (11.9%). Hyperplastic epithelial foci in the honeycomb lesions of IPF cases were significantly more prominent in the lower than in the upper lobe, in cases with or without lung cancer, and they were more prominent in the lower lobe of IPF with than in those without cancer. The length of hyperplastic epithelial foci in the lower lobe of IPF cases was longer than that in interstitial pneumonia-associated with collagen vascular diseases. There was a higher PCNA labeling index of hyperplastic epithelial foci in IPF cases than in cases of interstitial pneumonia-associated with collagen vascular diseases. The PCNA labeling index was almost the same between smokers and nonsmokers with IPF. Overexpression of p53 was observed in hyperplastic epithelial foci in honeycomb lesion of IPF. DNA ploidy analysis of hyperplastic epithelial foci in the paraffin sections of 12 IPF cases revealed aneuploidy patterns in eight cases. These results strongly suggest that accelerated cell proliferation occurs in the honeycomb lesion of IPF, and that regenerative epithelia becomes susceptible to carcinogenic agents in addition to the smoking effect.