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61.
Effect of known history of heart disease on survival outcomes after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests 下载免费PDF全文
Magdalene HM Lee Stephanie Fook‐Chong Win Wah Sang Do Shin Tatsuya Nishiuchi Patrick Chow‐In Ko Ghulam Yasin Naroo Kwanhathai Darin Wong Ling Tiah Apichaya Monsomboon Fahad J Siddiqui Marcus EH Ong 《Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA》2018,30(1):67-76
Objective
We aimed to investigate the effect of known heart disease on post‐out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival outcomes, and its association with factors influencing survival.Methods
This was an observational, retrospective study involving an OHCA database from seven Asian countries in 2009–2012. Heart disease was defined as a documented diagnosis of coronary artery disease or congenital heart disease. Patients with non‐traumatic arrests for whom resuscitation was attempted and with known medical histories were included. Differences in demographics, arrest characteristics and survival between patients with and without known heart disease were analysed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors influencing survival to discharge.Results
Of 19 044 eligible patients, 5687 had known heart disease. They were older (77 vs 72 years) and had more comorbidities like diabetes (40.9 vs 21.8%), hypertension (60.6 vs 36.0%) and previous stroke (15.2 vs 10.1%). However, they were not more likely to receive bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (P = 0.205) or automated external defibrillation (P = 0.980). On univariate analysis, known heart disease was associated with increased survival (unadjusted odds ratio 1.16, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.30). However, on multivariate analysis, heart disease predicted poorer survival (adjusted odds ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.58–1.00). Other factors influencing survival corresponded with previous reports.Conclusions
Known heart disease independently predicted poorer post‐OHCA survival. This study may provide information to guide future prospective studies specifically looking at family education for patients with heart disease and the effect on OHCA outcomes. 相似文献62.
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65.
C. S. Lal R. B. Verma N. Verma N. A. Siddiqui V. N. Rabidas K. Pandey D. Singh S. Kumar R. K. Paswan A. Kumari P. Sinha P. Das 《Infection》2016,44(1):39-45
Purpose
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a protozoan disease, is 100 % fatal if left untreated. Anemia is common in VL which plays a role in expression of clinically overt VL disease. Laboratory clues are scarce for strengthening clinical suspicion for severity in VL. Hypertriglyceridemia has emerged as a new concept for the diagnosis and prognosis in VL. The present study is aimed at correlating the magnitude of hypertriglyceridemia with the severity in VL.Materials and methods
A retrospective case–control study was conducted between January 2012 to December 2013 among 124 patients coming for treatment from VL endemic areas, who had fever of more than 15 days and did not respond to antimalarials and antibiotics. The parasitologically confirmed VL cases (n = 87) were categorized as mild/moderate (n = 60) and severe (n = 27) groups according to WHO classification for anemia and parasite burden. Serum triglycerides were assayed in VL groups along with controls (n = 37).Results
Serum triglyceride level was significantly higher in VL than controls [mean values were 173.50 ± 47.67 versus 127.1 ± 53.79 mg/dl, respectively (p < 0.0001)]. Triglyceride level was significantly higher in severe than in mild/moderate group of VL [211.3 ± 50.2 mg/dl versus 134 ± 45.09 mg/dl, respectively (p < 0.0001)]. Hypertriglyceridemia (>161.7 mg/dl) was noted in all severe VL patients, compared to 31.66 % of mild or moderate group (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between mild/moderate VL and controls.Conclusions
It is hypothesized that hypertriglyceridemia could be of additional diagnostic benefit to assess the probability and severity of VL in endemic areas.66.
Scott T. Chiesa Marietta Charakida Georgios Georgiopoulos Frida Dangardt Kaitlin H. Wade Alicja Rapala Devina J. Bhowruth Helen C. Nguyen Vivek Muthurangu Rukshana Shroff George Davey Smith Debbie A. Lawlor Naveed Sattar Nicholas J. Timpson Alun D. Hughes John E. Deanfield 《JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging》2021,14(2):468-478
ObjectivesThis study characterized the determinants of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in a large (n > 4,000) longitudinal cohort of healthy young people age 9 to 21 years.BackgroundGreater cIMT is commonly used in the young as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, but its evolution at this age is still poorly understood.MethodsAssociations between cardiovascular risk factors and cIMT were investigated in both longitudinal (ages 9 to 17 years) and cross-sectional (ages 17 and 21 years) analyses, with the latter also related to other measures of carotid structure and stress. Additional use of ultra-high frequency ultrasound in the radial artery at age 21 years allowed investigation of the distinct layers (i.e., intima or media) that may underlie observed differences.ResultsFat-free mass (FFM) and systolic blood pressure were the only modifiable risk factors positively associated with cIMT (e.g., mean difference in cIMT per 1-SD increase in FFM at age 17: 0.007 mm: 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.004 to 0.010; p < 0.001), whereas fat mass was negatively associated with cIMT (difference: ?0.0032; 95% CI: 0.004 to ?0.001; p = 0.001). Similar results were obtained when investigating cumulative exposure to these factors throughout adolescence. An increase in cIMT maintained circumferential wall stress in the face of increased mean arterial pressure when increases in body mass were attributable to increased FFM, but not fat mass. Risk factor?associated differences in the radial artery occurred in the media alone, and there was little evidence of a relationship between intimal thickness and any risk factor.ConclusionsSubtle changes in cIMT in the young may predominantly involve the media and represent physiological adaptations as opposed to subclinical atherosclerosis. Other vascular measures may be more appropriate for the identification of arterial disease before adulthood. 相似文献
67.
M. Aslam A.A Siddiqui G. Sandeep S.V. Madhu 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(3):313-316
Aim
To find out the prevalence of obesity and glucose intolerance among nurses working in tertiary care hospital.Methods
Study was conducted in 496 apparently healthy females comprising two groups. Group B had 290 nurses and control group A had 206 age matched female subjects of general population. Detailed performa was filled which included anthropometry, systemic examination and other details. Fasting plasma glucose was done followed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Subjects with body mass index ≥23?kg/m2 were categorized as ‘overweight’ and ≥25?kg/m2 as ‘obese’ as per criteria for Asian Indians. Women with waist circumference of ≥80?cm were categorized as ‘centrally obese’.Results
Mean age of subjects in groups A and B was 40.45?±?8.64?years and 40.50?±?6.96?years respectively. Significantly higher number of nurses (80%) were overweight or obese compared to controls (59.71%,P?=?<?.001). Similarly, central obesity was significantly higher in nurses (82.07%) compared to controls (67.96%,P?=?<.001). The prevalence of glucose intolerance (prediabetes and newly detected diabetes) was significantly higher in controls compared to nurses (45.63% vs 29.66%, P?<?.001).Conclusion
Every four out of five nurses working in tertiary care hospital have overweight/obesity and central obesity. Despite this they have lower rates of glucose intolerance. 相似文献68.
B.K. Mishra P. Shukla M. Aslam A.A. Siddiqui S.V. Madhu 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):839-842
Background
It is being increasingly reported that some of the youth onset diabetes patients cannot be classified clearly as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on usual criteria and the term double diabetes (DD) coined for these cases.Aim
The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of DD in youth onset diabetes patients from east Delhi and neighboring NCR region.Methods
A total of 200 patients with youth onset diabetes below 25 years of age were recruited from a tertiary care hospital in East Delhi. Clinical history, family history of diabetes and anthropometry of patients were recorded. Fasting serum C-peptide, Anti-IA2-antibody and Anti-GAD-antibody were measured in all patients. Patients positive for Anti-GAD-antibody (>1.05 U/ml) and C-peptide level >0.3 nmol/l were characterized as DD patients. Patients negative for Anti-GAD-antibody and C-peptide >0.3 nmol/l were kept under the category of T2DM. Patients with low C-peptide level along with one of the following, positive Anti-GAD-antibody, positive Anti-IA2-antibody and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) were considered as T1DM. Remaining patients were kept under the unknown category.Results
Mean age of study subjects was 18.2 ± 7.1 years. Seven percent (7%) of the subjects were classified as DD, 51% as T1DM, 13% as T2DM and 29% were kept under the unknown category. Mean age of subjects with 22.2 ± 9.7, 16.9 ± 6.7, 20.6 ± 7.7 and 19.4 ± 7.4 years in DD, T1DM, T2DM and unknown category respectively. Mean BMI of subjects with DD, T1DM, T2DM and unknown category was 19.8 ± 5.7, 16.6 ± 3.7, 19.3 ± 4.1 and 18.0 ± 4.6 kg/m2 respectively.Conclusion
Double diabetes is an important occurrence among youth onset diabetes subjects. Only half of the subjects with youth onset of diabetes had T1DM. 相似文献69.
Timothy P. Baardseth Simon B. Goldberg Brian T. Pace Andrew P. Wislocki Nick D. Frost Jamila R. Siddiqui Abigail M. Lindemann D. Martin Kivlighan III Kevin M. Laska Aaron C. Del Re Takuya Minami Bruce E. Wampold 《Clinical psychology review》2013
Despite the evidence suggesting that all treatments intended to be therapeutic are equally efficacious, the conjecture that one form of treatment, namely cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), is superior to all other treatment persists. The purpose of the current study was to (a) reanalyze the clinical trials from an earlier meta-analysis that compared CBT to ‘other therapies’ for depression and anxiety (viz., Tolin, 2010) and (b) conduct a methodologically rigorous and comprehensive meta-analysis to determine the relative efficacy of CBT and bona fide non-CBT treatments for adult anxiety disorders. Although the reanalysis was consistent with the earlier meta-analysis' findings of small to medium effect sizes for disorder-specific symptom measures, the reanalysis revealed no evidence for the superiority of CBT for depression and anxiety for outcomes that were not disorder-specific. Following the reanalysis, a comprehensive anxiety meta-analysis that utilized a survey of 91 CBT experts from the Association of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapists (ABCT) to consensually identify CBT treatments was conducted. Thirteen clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. There were no differences between CBT treatments and bona fide non-CBT treatments across disorder-specific and non-disorder specific symptom measures. These analyses, in combination with previous meta-analytic findings, fail to provide corroborative evidence for the conjecture that CBT is superior to bona fide non-CBT treatments. 相似文献
70.
Urvish Patel Preeti Malik Deep Mehta Priyanka Rajput Mashu Shrivastava Madiha Naveed Eseosa Urhoghide Mehwish Martin Shamima Somi Richa Jaiswal Achint Patel Avantika Israni Jagmeet Singh Asim Kichloo Shamik Shah Abhishek Lunagariya 《Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases》2021,30(7):105805
IntroductionThere is limited literature on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) complications such as thromboembolism, cardiac complications etc. as possible trigger for stroke. Hence, we aim to evaluate the prevalence and outcomes of COVID-19 related cardiovascular complications and secondary infection and their possibility as potential triggers for the stroke.MethodsData from observational studies describing the complications [acute cardiac injury (ACI), cardiac arrhythmias (CA), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), septic shock, secondary infection] and outcomes of COVID‐19 hospitalized patients from December 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020, were extracted following PRISMA guidelines. Adverse outcomes defined as intensive care units, oxygen saturation less than 90%, invasive mechanical ventilation, severe disease, and in‐hospital mortality. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were obtained, and forest plots were created using random‐effects models. A short review of these complications as triggers of stroke was conducted.Results16 studies with 3480 confirmed COVID-19 patients, prevalence of ACI [38%vs5.9%], CA [26%vs5.3%], DIC [4%vs0.74%], septic shock [18%vs0.36%], and infection [30%vs12.5%] was higher among patients with poor outcomes. In meta-analysis, ACI [aOR:9.93(95%CI:3.95–25.00], CA [7.52(3.29–17.18)], DIC [7.36(1.24–43.73)], septic shock [30.12(7.56–120.10)], and infection [10.41(4.47–24.27)] had higher odds of adverse outcomes. Patients hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, had complications like pulmonary embolism, venous thromboembolism, DIC, etc. and had poor outcomesConclusionThe complications like acute cardiac injury, cardiac arrhythmias, DIC, septic shock, and secondary infection had poor outcomes. Patients with stroke were having history of these complications. Long term monitoring is required in such patients to prevent stroke and mitigate adverse outcomes. 相似文献