Amorphous FeCoCrSiB Ribbons with Tailored Anisotropy for the Development of Magnetic Elements for High Frequency Applications

The ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in the frequency range of 0.5 to 12.5 GHz has been investigated as a function of external magnetic field for rapidly quenched Fe₃Co₆₇Cr₃Si₁₅B₁₂ amorphous ribbons with different features of the effective magnetic anisotropy. Three states of the ribbons were considered: as-quenched without any treatment; after relaxation annealing without stress at the temperature of 350 °C during 1 h; and after annealing under specific stress of 230 MPa at the temperature of 350 °C during 1 h. For FMR measurements, we adapted a technique previously proposed and tested for the case of microwires. Here, amorphous ribbons were studied using the sample holder based on a commercial SMA connector. On the basis of the measurements of the reflection coefficient S_11, the total impedance including its real and imaginary components was determined to be in the frequency range of 0.5 to 12.5 GHz. In order to confirm the validity of the proposed technique, FMR was also measured by the certified cavity perturbation technique using a commercial Bruker spectrometer operating at X-band frequency of 9.39 GHz. As part of the characterization of the ribbons used for microwave measurements, comparative analysis was performed of X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, inductive magnetic hysteresis loops, vibrating sample magnetometry, magneto-optical Kerr effect (including magnetic domains) and magnetoimpedance data for of all samples.     

雌激素减少与代谢综合征关系的实验研究

目的：探讨雌激素减少与代谢综合征的相关性。方法:在基因库中搜索已知的对脂肪组织有影响的10个基因，筛选其启动子中可能存在的雌激素调控因子的基因。以不同月龄、不同基因型的卵泡刺激素受体敲除 (FORKO)雌鼠为动物模型，测量其腹内白色脂肪组织（WAT）重量、体重，计算腹内WAT与体重的比率；口服葡萄糖（2?g/kg），测快速血糖（0, 30, 60, 120?min）行葡萄糖耐量实验；用组织学方法观察脂肪细胞、肝脏细胞的形态；用放射免疫法测定血清瘦素。结果: ①在7个肥胖相关基因中找到了可能的雌激素调控位点；②FORKO雌鼠于3月龄时出现肥胖，腹内WAT的重量明显高于野生型（P＜0.05）；③FORKO雌鼠随月龄的增长葡萄糖耐量逐渐减低（P＜0.05）；④FORKO雌鼠腹内WAT细胞在3月龄时体积较小，表现为增生（P＜0.05），而在8个月时表现为肥大(P＜0.05)；⑤FORKO雌鼠于8月龄时WAT细胞、棕色脂肪（BAT）细胞及肝细胞内均有大量脂酯颗粒堆积；⑥月龄3～5个月的FORKO雌鼠空腹的血清瘦素水平均明显高于野生雌鼠(P＜0.05)。结论:FORKO雌鼠因雌激素减少而表现出腹型肥胖、高血糖、高瘦素和胰岛素抵抗等代谢紊乱，提示雌激素减少可导致代谢综合征。     

Coexistence of benign phyllodes tumor and invasive ductal carcinoma in distinct breasts: case report

This report describes a rare case of coexistence of benign phyllodes tumor, which measured 9 cm in the right breast, and invasive ductal carcinoma of 6 cm in the left breast, synchronous and independent, in a 66-year-old patient. The patient underwent a bilateral mastectomy due to the size of both lesions. Such situations are rare and usually refer to the occurrence of ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ when associated with malignant phyllodes tumors, and more often in ipsilateral breast or intra-lesional.     

Functional genomic screen of human stem cell differentiation reveals pathways involved in neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can be induced and differentiated to form a relatively homogeneous population of neuronal precursors in vitro. We have used this system to screen for genes necessary for neural lineage development by using a pooled human short hairpin RNA (shRNA) library screen and massively parallel sequencing. We confirmed known genes and identified several unpredicted genes with interrelated functions that were specifically required for the formation or survival of neuronal progenitor cells without interfering with the self-renewal capacity of undifferentiated hESCs. Among these are several genes that have been implicated in various neurodevelopmental disorders (i.e., brain malformations, mental retardation, and autism). Unexpectedly, a set of genes mutated in late-onset neurodegenerative disorders and with roles in the formation of RNA granules were also found to interfere with neuronal progenitor cell formation, suggesting their functional relevance in early neurogenesis. This study advances the feasibility and utility of using pooled shRNA libraries in combination with next-generation sequencing for a high-throughput, unbiased functional genomic screen. Our approach can also be used with patient-specific human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural models to obtain unparalleled insights into developmental and degenerative processes in neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders with monogenic or complex inheritance.     

Effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on mitochondrial function after myocardial ischemia reperfusion.

BACKGROUND: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) protects myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury as evidenced by improved recovery of mechanical function, ATP, and phosphocreatine during reperfusion. This protection may result from CoQ10's bioenergetic effects on the mitochondria, from its antioxidant properties, or both. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on mitochondrial function during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion using an isolated mitochondrial preparation. METHODS: Isolated hearts (n = 6/group) from rats pretreated with liposomal CoQ10 (10 mg/kg iv, CoQ10), vehicle (liposomal only, Vehicle), or saline (Saline) 30 min before the experiments were subjected to 15 min of equilibration (EQ), 25 min of ischemia (I), and 40 min of reperfusion (RP). Left ventricular-developed pressure (DP) was measured. Mitochondria were isolated at end-equilibration (end-EQ), at end-ischemia (end-I), and at end-reperfusion (end-RP). Mitochondrial respiratory function (State 2, 3, and 4, respiratory control index (RCI, ratio of State 3 to 4), and ADP:O ratio) was measured by polarography using NADH (alpha-ketoglutarate, alpha-KG)- or FADH (succinate, SA)-dependent substrates. RESULTS: CoQ10 improved recovery of DP at end-RP (67 +/- 11% in CoQ10 vs 47 +/- 5% in Vehicle and 50 +/- 11% in Saline, P < 0.05 vs Vehicle and Saline). CoQ10 did not change preischemic mitochondrial function. IR decreased State 3 and RCI in all groups using either substrate. CoQ10 had no effect in the mitochondrial oxidation of alpha-KG at end-I. CoQ10 improved State 3 at end-I when SA was used (167 +/- 21 in CoQ10 vs 120 +/- 10 in Saline and 111 +/- 10 ng-atoms O/min/mg protein in Vehicle, P < 0.05). Using alpha-KG as a substrate, CoQ10 improved RCI at end-RP (4.2 +/- 0.2 in CoQ10 vs 3.2 +/- 0.2 in Saline and 3.0 +/- 0.3 in Vehicle, P < 0.05). Using SA, CoQ10 improved State 3 (181 +/- 10 in CoQ10 vs 142 +/- 9 in Saline and 140 +/- 12 ng-atoms O/min/mg protein in Vehicle, P < 0.05) and RCI (2.21 +/- 0.06 in CoQ10 vs 1.85 +/- 0.11 in Saline and 1.72 +/- 0.08 in Vehicle, P < 0.05) at end-RP. CONCLUSIONS: The cardioprotective effects of CoQ10 can be attributed to the preservation of mitochondrial function during reperfusion as evidenced by improved FADH-dependent oxidation.