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421.
Azeem T. Malik Nikhil Jain Thomas J. Scharschmidt Mengnai Li Andrew H. Glassman Safdar N. Khan 《The Journal of arthroplasty》2018,33(10):3329-3342
Background
Surgeon volume has been identified as an important factor impacting postoperative outcome in patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries. With an absence of a detailed systematic review, we sought to collate evidence on the impact of surgeon volume on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty.Methods
PubMed (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar databases were queried for articles using the following search criteria: (“Surgeon Volume” OR “Provider Volume” OR “Volume Outcome”) AND (“THA” OR “Total hip replacement” OR “THR” OR “Total hip arthroplasty”). Studies investigating total hip arthroplasty being performed for malignancy or hip fractures were excluded from the review. Twenty-eight studies were included in the final review. All studies underwent a quality appraisal using the GRADE tool. The systematic review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.Results
Increasing surgeon volume was associated with a shorter length of stay, lower costs, and lower dislocation rates. Studies showed a significant association between an increasing surgeon volume and higher odds of early-term and midterm survivorship, but not long-term survivorships. Although complications were reported and recorded differently in studies, there was a general trend toward a lower postoperative morbidity with regard to complications following surgeries by a high-volume surgeon.Conclusion
This systematic review shows evidence of a trend toward better postoperative outcomes with high-volume surgeons. Future prospective studies are needed to better determine long-term postoperative outcomes such as survivorship before healthcare policies such as regionalization and/or equal-access healthcare systems can be considered. 相似文献422.
423.
424.
Ahmed Al-Niaimi MD Nasia Safdar MD MS 《Journal of evaluation in clinical practice》2009,15(2):360-365
Objective To assess the efficacy of supplemental perioperative oxygenation for prevention of surgical site infection (SSI).
Data sources Computerized PUBMED and MEDLINE search supplemented by manual searches for relevant articles.
Study selection Randomized, controlled trials evaluating efficacy of supplemental perioperative oxygenation versus standard care for prevention of SSI in patients' undergoing colorectal surgery.
Data synthesis Data on incidence of SSI were abstracted as dichotomous variables. Pooled estimates of the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained using the DerSimonian and Laird random effects model and the Mantel-Haenzel fixed effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q statistic and I2 .
Results Four randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Supplemental perioperative oxygenation resulted in a reduced incidence of SSI [RR 0.70 (95% CI 0.52–0.94), P = 0.01], using a fixed effects model. Using the more conservative random effects model, the point estimate was similar [RR 0.74 (95% CI 0.39–1.43), P = 0.37], but the results failed to achieve statistical significance. The I2 test showed moderate heterogeneity.
Conclusions Our analysis showed that supplemental perioperative oxygenation is beneficial in preventing SSI in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Because of heterogeneity in study design and patient population, additional randomized trials are needed to determine whether this confers benefit in all patient populations undergoing other types of surgery. Supplemental perioperative oxygenation is a low-cost intervention that we recommend be implemented in patients undergoing colorectal surgery pending the results of further studies. Further research is needed to determine whether or not supplemental hyperoxia may cause unanticipated adverse effects. 相似文献
Data sources Computerized PUBMED and MEDLINE search supplemented by manual searches for relevant articles.
Study selection Randomized, controlled trials evaluating efficacy of supplemental perioperative oxygenation versus standard care for prevention of SSI in patients' undergoing colorectal surgery.
Data synthesis Data on incidence of SSI were abstracted as dichotomous variables. Pooled estimates of the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained using the DerSimonian and Laird random effects model and the Mantel-Haenzel fixed effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q statistic and I
Results Four randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Supplemental perioperative oxygenation resulted in a reduced incidence of SSI [RR 0.70 (95% CI 0.52–0.94), P = 0.01], using a fixed effects model. Using the more conservative random effects model, the point estimate was similar [RR 0.74 (95% CI 0.39–1.43), P = 0.37], but the results failed to achieve statistical significance. The I
Conclusions Our analysis showed that supplemental perioperative oxygenation is beneficial in preventing SSI in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Because of heterogeneity in study design and patient population, additional randomized trials are needed to determine whether this confers benefit in all patient populations undergoing other types of surgery. Supplemental perioperative oxygenation is a low-cost intervention that we recommend be implemented in patients undergoing colorectal surgery pending the results of further studies. Further research is needed to determine whether or not supplemental hyperoxia may cause unanticipated adverse effects. 相似文献
425.
426.
Efficacy of micafungin for the treatment of candidemia 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
D. Andes N. Safdar 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2005,24(10):662-664
427.
Short-term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Martin J. Gibala Jonathan P. Little Martin van Essen Geoffrey P. Wilkin Kirsten A. Burgomaster Adeel Safdar Sandeep Raha Mark A. Tarnopolsky 《The Journal of physiology》2006,575(3):901-911
Brief, intense exercise training may induce metabolic and performance adaptations comparable to traditional endurance training. However, no study has directly compared these diverse training strategies in a standardized manner. We therefore examined changes in exercise capacity and molecular and cellular adaptations in skeletal muscle after low volume sprint-interval training (SIT) and high volume endurance training (ET). Sixteen active men (21 ± 1 years, ) were assigned to a SIT or ET group ( n = 8 each) and performed six training sessions over 14 days. Each session consisted of either four to six repeats of 30 s 'all out' cycling at ∼250% with 4 min recovery (SIT) or 90–120 min continuous cycling at ∼65% (ET). Training time commitment over 2 weeks was ∼2.5 h for SIT and ∼10.5 h for ET, and total training volume was ∼90% lower for SIT versus ET (∼630 versus ∼6500 kJ). Training decreased the time required to complete 50 and 750 kJ cycling time trials, with no difference between groups (main effects, P ≤ 0.05). Biopsy samples obtained before and after training revealed similar increases in muscle oxidative capacity, as reflected by the maximal activity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and COX subunits II and IV protein content (main effects, P ≤ 0.05), but COX II and IV mRNAs were unchanged. Training-induced increases in muscle buffering capacity and glycogen content were also similar between groups (main effects, P ≤ 0.05). Given the large difference in training volume, these data demonstrate that SIT is a time-efficient strategy to induce rapid adaptations in skeletal muscle and exercise performance that are comparable to ET in young active men. 相似文献
428.
D Adkins R Brown K Trinkaus R Maziarz S Luedke C Freytes B Needles D Wienski P Fracasso T Pluard W Moriconi T Ryan K Hoelzer S Safdar T Rearden G Rodriguez H Khoury R Vij J DiPersio 《Journal of clinical oncology》1999,17(7):2006-2014
PURPOSE: To evaluate the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), prognostic factors, and treatment-related mortality of women with stage IIIB inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) treated with combined modality therapy (CMT) and high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous stem-cell transplantation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1989 and 1997, 47 consecutive patients with stage IIIB IBC were treated with CMT and HDCT and were the subject of this retrospective analysis. Chemotherapy was administered to all patients before and/or after definitive surgery. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 33 and 34 patients, respectively, and 20 patients received both. All patients received HDCT with autologous stem-cell transplantation, and 41 patients received locoregional radiation therapy. Tamoxifen was prescribed to patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cancer. RESULTS: The mean duration of follow-up from diagnosis was 30 months (range, 6 to 91 months) and from HDCT was 22 months (range, 0.5 to 82 months). At 30 months, the Kaplan-Meier estimates of DFS and OS from diagnosis were 57.7% and 59.1%, respectively. At 4 years, the Kaplan-Meier estimates of DFS and OS from diagnosis were 51.3% and 51.7%, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, the only factors associated with better survival were favorable response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P =.04) and receipt of tamoxifen (P =.06); however, the benefit of tamoxifen was only demonstrated in patients with ER-positive breast cancer. At last follow-up, 28 patients (59. 6%) were alive and disease-free. Seventeen patients (36.2%) developed recurrent breast cancer. Seventeen patients died: 15 from disease recurrence and two (4.2%) from treatment-related mortality due to HDCT. CONCLUSION: In this analysis, the early results of treatment with CMT and HDCT compare favorably with other series of patients with stage IIIB IBC treated with CMT alone. These outcomes must be confirmed with longer follow-up and controlled studies. 相似文献
429.
C.R. Sims K. Thompson R.F. Chemaly E.J. Shpall R.E. Champlin A. Safdar 《Transplant infectious disease》2007,9(3):256-259
We present a case of serious treatment-refractory acyclovir- and foscarnet-resistant herpes simplex virus (HSV) type-1 orolingual infection that responded to oral cidofovir rinses after failure of acyclovir and foscarnet therapy. The use of 3% cidofovir in a saline rinse for refractory mucosal HSV infection appears promising but needs prospective evaluation. 相似文献
430.