BackgroundIn Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is increasingly becoming a necessary mode of reproduction. This high risk group is prone to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) which further exposes these pregnancies to an increased risk of adverse outcomes. In light of the limited data in the current literature, further investigation is needed regarding the time of GDM diagnosis in IVF pregnancies as well as the outcome of IVF pregnancies complicated by GDM.MethodsIn this three center pilot cross sectional study, the data of 101 singleton IVF pregnancies complicated by GDM were analyzed. Prompt GDM diagnosis in IVF pregnancies was accomplished by self-blood glucose monitoring (SMBG) from the first antenatal visit and confirmed by an OGTT. To evaluate pregnancy outcome, maternal and fetal complications in the 101 GDM IVF group was compared to 101 IVF as well as 101 spontaneous conceptions (SC). The three groups were matched by age. The effect of demographic and glycemic parameters on the outcome of GDM IVF pregnancies was investigated.ResultsGDM diagnosis was made before the 24th week in 37.6% of the GDM IVF group. The week of delivery was earlier for the GDM IVF group (37 ± 1.7) relative to the IVF (37.9 ± 0.9, p < 0.001) and the SC group (38.1 ± 0.8, p < 0.001). GDM IVF pregnancies exhibited greater preeclampsia rates and 84.8% underwent caesarian section. No significant difference regarding LGA and SGA birth weights was found. Complications of GDM IVF pregnancies were associated with the 1-h postprandial BG (r = 0.267, p = 0.007).ConclusionGDM screening in IVF pregnancies may be considered earlier than the 24th week. IVF pregnancies affected by GDM are prone to increased maternal and fetal complications which are associated with 1-h postprandial BG. 相似文献
Molecules governing cellular interactions have been suggested to be involved in the spurious elevation of 1-fetoprotein (AFP) in non-neoplastic liver disease. To explore this controversial issue, we measured AFP, circulating intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (cICAM-1), and common liver function tests in 111 patients (71 male, 40 female). Eighty-four patients had non-neoplastic chronic liver disease and 27 had hepatocellular carcinoma. The concentration of cICAM-1 was determined immunoenzymatically. In patients with non-neoplastic chronic liver disease, univariate analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between AFP and cholinesterase (R=–0.397,P<0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (R=0.421,P<0.001), bilirubin (R=0.231,P<0.05) and cICAM-1 (R=0.430,P<0.001). Multivariate analysis among these variables and AFP indicated cICAM-1 to be the strongest independent predictor of AFP. We conclude that cICAM-1 compares favourably with liver function tests in predicting non-specific AFP variations in non-neoplastic chronic liver disease, suggesting a link between targeting of the inflammatory damage to the hepatocyte and development of neoplasia.Abbreviations
AFP
1-fetoprotein
-
cICAM-1
circulating intercellular adhesion molecule 1 相似文献
Emergency Radiology - Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a term used to describe any pregnancy which does not implant into the uterine cavity. There are several types of EPs: tubal, interstitial, ovarian,... 相似文献
Platelets and their granular contents influence both angiogenesis and breast cancer progression. This study was performed to assess the effect of breast cancer and its treatment on platelet biology and the response to inhibition of the platelet P2Y12 receptor. Receptor-specific platelet activation and inhibition was studied for three platelet-associated proteins important in cancer angiogenesis and progression, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thrombospondin1 (TSP1), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1).
Twenty-four women with active breast cancer and 10 healthy controls not receiving antiplatelet therapy participated in the study. Ex vivo activation of platelets in whole blood was accomplished using PAR1AP, PAR4AP, convulxin, and ADP. Platelet inhibition was accomplished using the P2Y12 receptor antagonist cangrelor (the in vitro equivalent of clopidogrel). VEGF, TSP1, and TGF-β1 were measured using standard ELISA.
Platelet activation by ADP, PAR1, PAR4, and collagen receptors increased VEGF, TSP1, and TGF-β1 secretion in patients with breast cancer. Agonist-induced release of VEGF was greater in cancer patients as compared to healthy controls (p = 0.02 for ADP, p < 0.001 for PAR1AP, PAR4AP, and convulxin) despite a decrease in the efficiency of VEGF secretion in patients with breast cancer. These differences were not observed for TSP1 and TGF-β1 secretion. P2Y12 receptor inhibition decreased VEGF, TSP1, and TGF-β1 secretion. In patients with cancer, cangrelor inhibited TSP1 release to a greater extent than VEGF and TGF-β1 release. In patients with breast cancer, the magnitude of platelet inhibition achieved by cangrelor was greater than that achieved with healthy controls for all agonists and platelet proteins studied.
While platelets are known to influence progression of breast cancer, our results show that breast cancer and its treatment influence the platelet phenotype by increasing the secretion of pro-angiogenic proteins following platelet activation, modulating the efficiency of platelet protein release as well as increasing the response to antiplatelet therapy. 相似文献
Postoperative acute renal failure (ARF) is not uncommon after cardiac surgery and after angiography. However, limited information exists regarding the influence of the interval between cardiac catheterization and subsequent cardiac surgery and amount of contrast agent used during this procedure on the occurrence of postoperative ARF. Data for 423 consecutive adult patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery after cardiac catheterization were examined retrospectively. The influence of interval between cardiac catheterization and cardiac surgery on postoperative ARF (defined as postoperative serum creatinine > or =2 times baseline and >2 mg/dl and/or need for renal replacement therapy) was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. ARF occurred in 24 patients (5.7%). Median time to angiography was 2 days (interquartile range 1 to 4.5), and median dose of contrast used was 1.36 ml/kg (interquartile range 1.12 to 1.69). Surgery on the day of cardiac catheterization was independently associated with increased risk of ARF (adjusted odds ratio 3.1, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 8.8). This risk of ARF was highest in patients who underwent surgery on the same day as angiography and with a dose of contrast higher than median (14.6%) and lowest when surgery was delayed beyond 1 day of angiography and contrast dose was median or less (2.4%; adjusted odds ratio for same-day surgery and dose higher than median 4.2, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 14.2). Cardiac surgery performed on the day of cardiac catheterization and higher dose of contrast agent used were both independently associated with increased risk of postoperative ARF. In conclusion, these findings suggest that delaying cardiac surgery beyond 24 hours of exposure to contrast agents (when feasible) and minimizing the use of these agents have significant potential to decrease the incidence of postoperative ARF in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. 相似文献
To investigate the role of endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) (membrane and soluble forms) as a biomarker of lupus nephritis (LN) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and to study its relation to the prognosis and response to treatment.
Patients and methods
The study included 30 SLE patients and 30 matched healthy volunteers as well as 10 renal biopsies from surgical nephrectomy as a control for membranous (mEPCR) examination. SLE disease activity index-2000 and damage index were assessed. Serum sEPCR was measured. Renal expression of mEPCR was analyzed. All patients were reassessed after 3?months.
Results
Patients were 26 females and 4 males with a mean age of 29.6?±?10.04?years and disease duration of 4.4?±?3.5?years. Their mean SLEDAI was 13.9?±?9.9 and damage index 1?±?1.5. Serum levels of sEPCR were significantly higher in patients with LN (19.9?±?5.7?ng/ml) than those without (8.95?±?4.2?ng/ml) and controls (5.3?±?2.6?ng/ml)(p?<?0.001). SLE patients with cutaneous vasculitis (n?=?9) had significantly higher sEPCR levels than those without (18.1?±?7.8 vs 10.2?±?5.2?ng/ml)(p?=?0.02). There was a significant correlation between sEPCR percentage of change and of SLEDAI-2k with and without LN (p?<?0.01 and p?<?0.05). A significant difference was observed in sEPCR according to the prognosis and treatment response after 3?months. mEPCR stained positively in glomeruli and tubules of LN patients with no relation to histopathological grading.
Conclusion
sEPCR plays a role in the pathogenesis, is related to a bad prognosis and poor response to treatment in LN. mEPCR was not related to LN grading. 相似文献
Chronic cannabis use has been associated with neurocognitive deficits, alterations in brain structure and function, and with psychosis. This study investigated the effects of chronic cannabis use on P50 sensory-gating in regular users, and explored the association between sensory gating, cannabis use history and the development of psychotic-like symptoms. Twenty controls and 21 regular cannabis users completed a P50 paired-click (S1 and S2) paradigm with an inter-pair interval of 9 s. The groups were compared on P50 amplitude to S1 and S2, P50 ratio (S2/S1) and P50 difference score (S1–S2). While cannabis users overall did not differ from controls on P50 measures, prolonged duration of regular use was associated with greater impairment in sensory gating as indexed by both P50 ratio and difference scores (including after controlling for tobacco use). Long-term cannabis users were found to have worse sensory gating ratios and difference scores compared to short-term users and controls. P50 metrics did not correlate significantly with any measure of psychotic-like symptoms in cannabis users. These results suggest that prolonged exposure to cannabis results in impaired P50 sensory-gating in long-term cannabis users. While it is possible that these deficits may have pre-dated cannabis use and reflect a vulnerability to cannabis use, their association with increasing years of cannabis use suggests that this is not the case. Impaired P50 sensory-gating ratios have also been reported in patients with schizophrenia and may indicate a similar underlying pathology. 相似文献