视黄酸依赖Fas/RARα融合基因转染HL-60细胞启动的凋亡效应研究

目的：检测视黄酸依赖Fas／RARα表达载体转染HL-60细胞启动的凋亡效应。方法：成功构建视黄酸依赖Fas／RARα表达载体，用脂质体转染HL-60白血病细胞，经四甲基偶氮唑盐[3-(4，5-dimethylthiaol-2-yl)-2，5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide,MTT]、流式细胞、DNA梯形带和透射电镜等方法观测视黄酸处理后细胞凋亡效应的发生。结果：以一定剂量的视黄酸处理HL-60后，细胞增殖受抑，呈凋亡性变。结论：视黄酸及其依赖的融合基因表达可协同诱导HL-60细胞发生凋亡效应。     

髂总动脉分支及其临床意义

在78具成年尸体上详细观察了髂总动脉的分支。髂总动脉外侧支的出现率为30.76%,多起于髂总动脉远侧1/3段(43.33%),始端外径为2.38±0.06(0.90～4.20)mm.起自髂总动脉的髂腰动脉的出现率为10.26%,也多起于髂总动脉远侧1/3段,其始端外径为3.03±0.14(2.50～3.80)mm。记录了此两支动脉的走行和分布,并讨论了它们的临床意义。     

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: high incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation in fatal cases.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a rarely described finding in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) with unclear impact on mortality. METHODS: This study included patients with positive cultures of Aspergillus spp. from respiratory specimens, serological evidence of aspergillosis, or lung biopsy findings supporting aspergillosis treated at National Taiwan University Hospital from January 1999 to June 2005. IPA was defined based on the consensus of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, and the Mycosis Study Group of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors associated with mortality. RESULTS: Proven or probable IPA was diagnosed in 26 patients. Hematological malignancy was found in 11 patients (42%) and immunosuppressive agents had been administered to 17 patients (65%). Among 20 culture-proven infections (77%), the most frequently encountered fungi were Aspergillus fumigatus (46%) and Aspergillus flavus (23%). The overall mortality rate was 62%. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that DIC was the only factor that was significantly associated with death attributable to IPA (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: IPA is associated with a high mortality rate, particularly for patients with DIC.     

Intellectual Functioning of Pediatric Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from the KNOW-Ped CKD

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) has a negative impact on growth and development in children and is a risk factor for neurocognitive impairment; however, there is limited research on the cognitive function of children and adolescents with CKD. This study therefore aimed to investigate the mean intelligence and risk factors for low intelligence in children and adolescents with CKD.MethodsEighty-one patients with CKD under 18 years old were included in the KoreaN cohort study for Outcomes in patients With Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-Ped CKD). Participants completed either the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (6–16 years), or Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (> 16 years).ResultsThe mean full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) was 91 ± 19; 24.7% of participants scored a full-scale IQ below 80. Participants with a short stature (height Z scores < −1.88), failure to thrive (weight Z scores < −1.65), more severe CKD stage (≥ IIIb), longer duration of CKD (≥ 5 years), and those who were Medicare or Medicaid beneficiaries, had significantly lower mean full-scale IQs.ConclusionOn linear regression analysis, the association between the full-scale IQ, and longer duration of CKD and growth failure, remained significant after controlling for demographic and clinical variables. It is therefore necessary to investigate cognitive impairment in pediatric patients with CKD who exhibit growth failure or for a longer postmorbid period. It is believed that early interventions, such as kidney transplantation, will have a positive effect on IQ in children with CKD, as the disease negatively affects IQ due to poor glomerular filtration rate over time.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02165878","term_id":"NCT02165878"}}NCT02165878     

Evaluation of Clonorchis sinensis Recombinant 7-Kilodalton Antigen for Serodiagnosis of Clonorchiasis

The diagnostic applicability of the Clonorchis sinensis recombinant 7-kDa protein was evaluated. In enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunoblots, the protein showed high sensitivities (81.3 and 71.9%, respectively) and specificities (92.6 and 89.7%, respectively) for sera obtained from various helminthic infections. Some paragonimiasis sera showed cross-reactions. The antigen might be valuable in the serodiagnosis of human clonorchiasis.     

中国北方人群系统性红斑狼疮患者KIR基因多态性的研究

目的:检测和分析系统性红斑狼疮患者的杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体(KIR)基因的多态性, 探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)从基因到临床表达的发病机制.方法:应用PCR-SSP技术检测北方62例确诊SLE患者和61例同一区域同一民族正常对照者的KIR基因位点多态性.结果:SLE 患者KIR基因表型分布较常见的为KIR3DP1、 2DL1、 2DP1、 3DL1、 2DL3及1D, 其次为2DS4、 2DL5、 3DS1、 2DS2、 2DS5和2DL2, 较低者为2DS1、 2DS3及3DP1V, SLE病例组KIR3DS1, 2DL2、 2DL5和2DL3基因型频率比对照组显著降低(P<0.01).结论:中国北方人群的SLE的发生可能与多个KIR基因等位基因有相关性.     

胎牛血清外泌体对成骨细胞增殖的作用

背景:研究表明外泌体具有促进骨再生的能力,但从胎牛血清中提取的外泌体是否可以促进骨形成仍存在争议。目的:观察胎牛血清外泌体对成骨细胞增殖能力的影响,从而为临床治疗骨破坏提供新思路。方法:通过超速离心法从胎牛血清中提取外泌体,采用透射电子显微镜和Western blot法验证外泌体是否提取成功;然后用10 mg/L胎牛血清外泌体干预成骨前体细胞MC3T3-E1,通过CCK-8实验检测外泌体对成骨细胞增殖能力的影响,Western blot检测外泌体对成骨细胞骨形态发生蛋白2和骨桥蛋白表达的影响。以不含外泌体的胎牛血清培养的MC3T3-E1细胞为对照组。结果与结论:①胎牛血清外泌体具有典型的脂质双层膜结构,大小在30-150 nm之间,外泌体表面标记因子CD81表达呈阳性,而微囊表面标记物CD40表达呈阴性;②外泌体组的增殖能力明显高于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);外泌体组成骨标志性因子骨形态发生蛋白2和骨桥蛋白的表达水平明显高于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);③结果表明,胎牛血清外泌体对成骨细胞的增殖起促进作用,可为临床治疗骨破坏提供新思路。     

An Analytic Model of Subminiature Auditory Sensation System for Sound Source Localization

It is reported that some types of insects have a remarkable ability to detect the direction of an incident sound even though its acoustic sensory organs are in very close proximity each other. Maybe the ears are jointed by a cuticular structure with which the separated motions can be coupled mechanically and thus be magnified. In this paper, a detailed model is setup to describe the principle of this type of localization using a mechanical coupled structure. The transfer functions and the responses of the model in terms of time and frequency are analyzed to describe the mechanism of its ability of directional hearing. This analytical model provides a method to design the experimental model for the predetermined incident sound pressure, and the analysis of this model shows that this structure have the ability to determine the direction of the incident stimulus.     

Predictive validity of a national examination for medical graduates in the People's Republic of China

National examinations for medical graduates were introduced on an experimental basis in the People's Republic of China in 1982. To estimate the predictive validity of the National Medical Examination (NME), an investigation of the postgraduate competence of a sample of the participating examinees was conducted in 1984. The sample consisted of 1,717 of the 4,995 graduates from 13 medical colleges who had taken the initial NME. Their scores on the NME and the ratings given them by directors of postgraduate programs in nine aspects of clinical competence were compared by frequency distribution and product-moment correlation coefficients. Scores on the NME were consistent with measures of postgraduate clinical competence and, as a whole, correlated significantly with the ratings of clinical competence, supporting the use of the score on the NME as a predictor of postgraduate clinical competence. However, the extent of the relationship between the NME score and postgraduate clinical competence varied according to the specialty program of postgraduate medical training.     

缺血预处理对缺血/再灌注脑的保护及其与微循环调节功能的关系研究

目的:探讨缺血预处理(IPC)是否对缺血/再灌注(I/R)脑细胞具有保护效应及其与微循环调节功能间的关系。方法:I/R与IPC组大鼠均复制脑I/R损伤模型,IPC组增加于I/R之前24h进行的短暂脑缺血预处理。动物均开颅窗观察缺血前、缺血后、再灌后脑软膜微循环指标;并取脑组织作红四氮唑(TTC)染色观察缺血损伤情况。结果:I/R组TTC染色后大多数出现不规则的缺血损伤的淡染区,而IPC组明显少见。IPC组缺血及再灌之后毛细血管累计总长度、微循环血流量、微血管内血流速度之相对增加值均大于I/R组。I/R组于再灌注之后有无复流现象;而IPC组此时呈灌注增加的过程。结论:IPC通过提高微循环的调节功能,促进毛细血管的相对性开放和血流的相对性加快,减轻缺血期组织血流低灌注和再灌注期无复流现象,从而对I/R脑产生一定保护作用。