糖尿病肾病病人醛糖还原酶基因多态性相关研究

目的探讨醛糖还原酶（AR）基因5’端（AC）n多态性与2型糖尿病肾病的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及银染色技术分析了139例2型糖尿病病人（早期糖尿病肾病组61例,非糖尿病肾病组78例）和63例正常对照者AR基因5’端（AC）n的多态性。结果早期糖尿病肾病组Z-2等位基因频率高于非糖尿病肾病组和正常对照组（x^2=6．88、10．51,P〈0．01）;含Z～2等位基因的基因型频率也高于非糖尿病肾病组和正常对照组（X^2=4．95、8．15,P〈0．05、0．01）。结论AR基因Z-2等位基因与青岛地区汉族2型糖尿病病人糖尿病肾病的发生发展有关。     

彩色多普勒超声心动图诊断肺心病的临床价值

目的：阐述彩色多普勒超声心动图（CDE）诊断肺心病的临床价值。方法：通过CDE对临床上拟诊的肺心病患者进行肺动脉高压（PH）定性、定量的诊断、并观测由PH继发引起心脏在CDE上的异常改变。结果：CDE测定PH44例（88％）,其肺动脉收缩压（SPAP）＞36mmHg,6例（32mmHg≤SPAP＜36mmHg,确诊CPM的临床符合率665（50／76）。结论作为无创性诊技术,CDE估测PH或诊断CPM准确简便,重复性强,对于指导临床治疗意义重大。     

蒙药朱日亨滴丸源头把控——基于Q-Exactive高分辨质谱结合指纹图谱技术的蒙药广枣药材质量评价研究

目的 运用Q-Exactive高分辨质谱结合指纹图谱评价不同批次广枣药材质量,为朱日亨滴丸源头把控提供参考。方法 采用Agilent ZORBAX ECLIPSE XDB-C18色谱柱,以0.1%甲酸水-甲醇梯度洗脱30min,柱温为30℃,流速为1.0ml.min^-1。采用电喷雾(ESI)质谱离子源,在正离子与负离子模式下采集数据,检测范围为m/z 100-1500。依据精确质量数以及二级碎片离子,结合标准物质及相关数据库信息,对蒙药广枣药材主要化学成分进行定性研究。同时测定10批广枣药材,应用“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004A)”建立广枣指纹图谱,并对各共有峰进行化学成分归属,对鞣花酸进行定量,评价各批次药材的质量。结果 鉴定出广枣中的37种化合物,并以鞣花酸为参照物,建立广枣药材指纹图谱,10批次广枣药材相似均在0.90以上。不同批次广枣药材鞣花酸含量差异明显。结论 建立基于Q-Exactive高分辨质谱结合指纹图谱技术的蒙药广枣药材质量评价研究方法为广枣药材质量控制提供参考,也为主日亨滴丸源头保证提供科学依据。     

高血压患者心脏变时性功能不良及其意义

目的:探讨原发性高血压(EH)患者心脏变时性功能不良(CI)及其意义。方法:随机选择EH患者60例,行活动平板运动试验,记录心率、血压变化,运动时间(time)、代谢当量(METs);计算2级运动的心率变时性反应指数(CRI2)、最大心率收缩压二项乘积(RPP)和心肌耗氧量(MV.O2)并与正常对照组40例比较。结果:EH组峰值心率及心率上升幅度小于对照组(148.75±11.81):(154.27±12.05)次/min,(67.44±13.37):(74.12±14.43)次/min,P<0.05;CRI2低于对照组(0.94±0.22):(1.03±0.15),P<0.05;EH组CI的人数共29例(48.33%)明显多于对照组7例(17.5%),P<0.005,其中CRI2<0.8的人数20例(33.33%),CRI2>1.3的人数9例(15%),对照组为6例(15%)、1例(2.5%),两组间有显著性差异P<0.05;表明EH组存在CI;EH组运动时间(time)缩短(8.78±1.87):(9.77±1.88)min,P<0.05;运动贮量(METs)降低(9.21±1.39):(9.82±1.48),P<0.05;而RPP,MV.O2分别高于对照组[(26484.64±3573.49):(24118.39±3060.76),(30.78±5.0):(27.47±4.23)ml/kg.min,P<0.001]。结论:EH患者存在CI,提示有心脏自主神经损害,临床应引起重视。     

Sebaceous carcinoma of the lip: Comparing normal lip and cheek anatomy with the imaging features of a rare cutaneous malignancy

Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare cutaneous malignancy, commonly affecting the eyelids. This case highlights a patient who presented with sebaceous carcinoma of the right upper lip with extensive involvement of the soft tissues of the head and neck. As part of the initial investigation, ultrasound was requested. This case demonstrates the ultrasound features of sebaceous carcinoma as well as revising the normal ultrasound anatomy of the upper lip and muscles of the cheek.     

前哨淋巴结活检判断口腔癌颈部淋巴结转移的系统评价

目的:系统评价前哨淋巴结活检(SLNB)预测口腔癌颈淋巴结转移的临床价值。方法:通过计算机检索CENTRAL、Medline、EMBASE、IFCC、中国生物医学文献数据库系统(CBM)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中文科技期刊全文数据库(CQVIP)、万方数据库等,收集应用前哨淋巴结活检判断口腔癌颈淋巴转移的诊断试验,应用统计软件Meta-DiSc 1.4进行数据分析。结果:纳入分析的文献9篇,前哨淋巴结活检判断口腔癌颈淋巴转移的敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比(+LR)、阴性似然比(-LR)、诊断优势比(DOR)及系统接收操作特性曲线(SROC)下面积分别为84%(95%CI 73%～92%)、100%(95%CI97%～100%)、19.16(95%CI 7.65～47.77)、0.22(95%CI 0.10～0.51)、97.72(95%CI 29.69～321.61)和0.99。结论:前哨淋巴结活检可作为临床上判断口腔癌颈淋巴结转移有效可行的方法。     

Evaluation of three-dimensional printing for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy of renal tumors: a preliminary report

Objectives

To investigate the impact of three-dimensional (3D) printing on the surgical planning, potential of training and patients’ comprehension of minimally invasive surgery for renal tumors.

Methods

Patients of a T1N0M0 single renal tumor and indicated for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy were selected. CT data were sent for post-processing and output to the 3D printer to create kidney models with tumor. By presenting to experienced laparoscopic urologists and patients, respectively, the models’ realism, effectiveness for surgical planning and training, and patients’ comprehension of disease and procedure were evaluated with plotted questionnaires (10-point rating scales, 1—not at all useful/not at all realistic/poor, 10—very useful/very realistic/excellent). The size of resected tumors was compared with that on the models.

Results

Ten kidney models of such patients were fabricated successfully. The overall effectiveness in surgical planning and training (7.8 ± 0.7–8.0 ± 1.1), and realism (6.0 ± 0.6–7.8 ± 1.0) were reached by four invited urologists. Intraoperative correlation was advocated by the two performing urologists. Patients were fascinated with the demonstration of a tactile “diseased organ” (average ≥9.0). The size deviation was 3.4 ± 1.3 mm.

Conclusions

Generating kidney models of T1N0M0 tumors with 3D printing are feasible with refinements to be performed. Face and content validity was obtained when those models were presented to experienced urologists for making practical planning and training. Understandings of the disease and procedure from patients were well appreciated with this novel technology.