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991.
Iliana Alexoudi Violetta Kapsimali Aristides Vaiopoulos Meletios Kanakis George Vaiopoulos 《Clinical rheumatology》2011,30(2):157-163
Behçet’s disease (BD) is a chronic relapsing vasculitis with multifunctional pathogenesis. The mucocutaneous and ocular lesions are the commonest manifestations, but BD also affects the musculoskeletal, intestinal, cardiac, and central nervous system. BD therapy is based on the suppression of the inflammatory process, using immunomodulating and immunosuppressive agents. In selected cases, invasive procedures may be required. 相似文献
992.
Pluripotent stem cells have the capacity to generate all cell lineages, and substantial progress has been made in realizing this potential. One fascinating but as yet unrealized possibility is the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into thymic epithelial cells. The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ essential for naïve T-cell generation. T cells play an important role in adaptive immunity, and their loss or dysfunction underlies in a wide range of autoimmune and infectious diseases. T cells are generated and selected through interaction with thymic epithelial cells, the functionally essential element of thymus. The ability to generate functional thymic epithelial cells from pluripotent stem cells would have applications in modeling human immune responses in mice, in tissue transplantation, and in modulating autoimmune and infectious disease. 相似文献
993.
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are isolated tumor cells disseminated from the site of disease in metastatic and/or primary
cancers, including breast cancer, that can be identified and measured in the peripheral blood of patients. As recent technical
advances have rendered it easier to reproducibly and repeatedly sample this population of cells with a high degree of accuracy,
these cells represent an attractive surrogate marker of the site of disease. 相似文献
994.
Lynne Shanley Marissa Lear Scott Davidson Ruth Ross Alasdair MacKenzie 《Journal of neuroinflammation》2011,8(1):10
The neuropeptide substance-P (SP) is expressed from the TAC1 gene in sensory neurones where it acts as a key modulator of
neurogenic inflammation. The promoter of TAC1 (TAC1prom) plays a central role in the regulation of the TAC1 gene but requires
the presence of a second regulatory element; ECR2, to support TAC1 expression in sensory neurones and to respond appropriately
to signalling pathways such as MAPkinases and noxious induction by capsaicin. We examined whether the effect of capsaicin
on ECR2-TAC1prom activity in larger diameter neurones was cell autonomous or non- cell autonomous. We demonstrate that TRPV1
is not expressed in all the same cells as SP following capsaicin induction suggesting the presence of a non-cell autonomous
mechanism for TAC1 up-regulation following capsaicin induction. In addition, we demonstrate that induction of SP and ECR1-TAC1prom
activity in these larger diameter neurones can be induced by potassium depolarisation suggesting that, in addition to capsaicin
induction, transgene activity may be modulated by voltage gated calcium channels. Furthermore, we show that NK1 is expressed
in all SP- expressing cells after capsaicin induction and that an agonist of NK1 can activate both SP and the transgene in
larger diameter neurones. These observations suggest the presence of an autocrine loop that controls the expression of the
TAC1 promoter in sensory neurones. In contrast, induction of the TAC1 promoter by LPS was not dependent on ECR2 and did not
occur in large diameter neurones. These studies demonstrate the diversity of mechanisms modulating the activity of the TAC1
promoter and provide novel directions for the development of new anti-inflammatory therapies. 相似文献
995.
Maria J Bellini Claudia B Hereñú Rodolfo G Goya Luis M Garcia-Segura 《Journal of neuroinflammation》2011,8(1):21
Background
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) exerts neuroprotective actions in the central nervous system that are mediated at least in part by control of activation of astrocytes. In this study we have assessed the efficacy of exogenous IGF-I and IGF-I gene therapy in reducing the inflammatory response of astrocytes from cerebral cortex. 相似文献996.
Kenneth Andrew Ross 《BMC medicine》2011,9(1):12
Background
During gene conversion, genetic information is transferred unidirectionally between highly homologous but non-allelic regions of DNA. While germ-line gene conversion has been implicated in the pathogenesis of some diseases, somatic gene conversion has remained technically difficult to investigate on a large scale. 相似文献997.
Background
Changing clinicians' behaviour is recognised as a major challenge. It is clear that behaviour change not only depends on demonstrating the proven effectiveness of clinical interventions; contextual and occupational factors, such as 'change readiness', may be central to their implementation. This paper highlights the context of behaviour change in relation to a healthcare innovation introduced within primary care, highlighting the importance of organisational and interpersonal factors that may help explain the dynamics of implementation. 相似文献998.
Carrie Anna McGinn Sonya Grenier Julie Duplantie Nicola Shaw Claude Sicotte Luc Mathieu Yvan Leduc France Légaré Marie-Pierre Gagnon 《BMC medicine》2011,9(1):46
Background
Electronic health record (EHR) implementation is currently underway in Canada, as in many other countries. These ambitious projects involve many stakeholders with unique perceptions of the implementation process. EHR users have an important role to play as they must integrate the EHR system into their work environments and use it in their everyday activities. Users hold valuable, first-hand knowledge of what can limit or contribute to the success of EHR implementation projects. A comprehensive synthesis of EHR users' perceptions is key to successful future implementation. This systematic literature review was aimed to synthesize current knowledge of the barriers and facilitators influencing shared EHR implementation among its various users. 相似文献999.
Background
HIV remains responsible for an estimated 40% of mortality in South African pregnant women and their children. To address these avoidable deaths, eligibility criteria for antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnant women were revised in 2010 to enhance ART coverage. With greater availability of HIV services in public health settings and increasing government attention to poor maternal-child health outcomes, this study used the patient's journey through the continuum of maternal and child care as a framework to track and document women's experiences of accessing ART and prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) programmes in the Eastern Cape (three peri-urban facilities) and Gauteng provinces (one academic hospital). 相似文献1000.
Kristiane Barington Henrik Elvang Jensen Kerstin Skovgaard 《Forensic science, medicine, and pathology》2017,13(2):151-160
Determining the age of bruises and the force used to inflict the trauma is of crucial importance in both human and veterinary forensic pathology. In the present study, the expression of more than 50 different genes in subcutaneous fat and muscle tissue from experimental bruises in pigs was investigated. The aim was to evaluate if expression signatures of selected genes were capable of determining bruises according to age and the force of impact. Eighteen experimental pigs were anesthetized, and on each animal four blunt traumas were inflicted on the back with a low, moderate or high force. The pigs were euthanized from 1 to 10 h after infliction of the trauma and subcutaneous fat and muscle tissues were sampled. As control, subcutaneous fat and muscle tissues were sampled from two un-injured pigs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate mRNA expression of genes involved in inflammation, tissue damage and repair. Expression signatures of thirteen selected genes in subcutaneous fat but not in muscle tissue reflected the age of bruises with a precision of approximately ±2 h. Moreover, the gene expression signature in the subcutaneous fat was to some extend able to separate bruises inflicted with different forces. Expression signatures of selected genes in the subcutaneous fat will increase the precision of the age determination of bruises in pigs. Further, due to the similarity of porcine and human skin physiology and immunity, these results might also provide valuable information in human forensic science. 相似文献