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991.
Mitchell J Cohen Adam D Grossman Diane Morabito M Margaret Knudson Atul J Butte Geoffrey T Manley 《Critical care (London, England)》2010,14(1):R10
Introduction
Advances in technology have made extensive monitoring of patient physiology the standard of care in intensive care units (ICUs). While many systems exist to compile these data, there has been no systematic multivariate analysis and categorization across patient physiological data. The sheer volume and complexity of these data make pattern recognition or identification of patient state difficult. Hierarchical cluster analysis allows visualization of high dimensional data and enables pattern recognition and identification of physiologic patient states. We hypothesized that processing of multivariate data using hierarchical clustering techniques would allow identification of otherwise hidden patient physiologic patterns that would be predictive of outcome. 相似文献992.
993.
Shiela C. Mitchell 《Postgraduate medicine》2013,125(5):197-199
Even though some of the questions about the role of diet in heart disease are still unanswered, it is clear that obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia increase the risk of heart disease. Physicians who would prevent arteriosclerosis in their patients are directing attention to dietary modification for young adults and children. 相似文献
994.
Joseph Vyankandondera Kirstin Mitchell Brenda Asiimwe-Kateera Kimberly Boer Philippe Mutwa Jean-Paul Balinda 《AIDS care》2013,25(12):1504-1512
Rwanda has achieved high enrollment into antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs but data on adherence after enrollment are not routinely collected. We used a mixed-methods approach (standardized questionnaires, pill counts, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews) to determine levels of and barriers to ART adherence from the perspective of both patients and healthcare workers (HCW). Data were available from 213 patients throughout the first year on ART; 58 of them and 23 HCW participated in a qualitative sub-study. Self-reported adherence was high (96% of patients reporting more than 95% adherence), but adherence by pill count was significantly lower, especially in the first 3 months. In the standardized interviews, patients mostly reported that they “simply forgot” or “were away from home” as reasons for nonadherence. The qualitative research identified three interrelated constructs that appeared to negatively influence adherence: stigma, difficulty coming to terms with illness, and concealment of illness. Both standardized questionnaires and the qualitative research identified poverty, disruption to daily routines, factors related to regimen complexity and side effects, and service-related factors as barriers to adherence. We conclude that regular triangulation of different sources of adherence data is desirable to arrive at more realistic estimates. We propose that program monitoring and evaluation cycles incorporate more in-depth research to better understand concerns underlying reasons for nonadherence reported in routine monitoring. 相似文献
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997.
Danielle Wu Mitchell B. Schaffler Sheldon Weinbaum David C. Spray 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2013,110(29):12096-12101
Osteocytes are bone cells that form cellular networks that sense mechanical loads distributed throughout the bone tissue. Interstitial fluid flow in the lacunar canalicular system produces focal strains at localized attachment sites around the osteocyte cell process. These regions of periodic attachment between the osteocyte cell membrane and its canalicular wall are sites where pN-level fluid-flow induced forces are generated in vivo. In this study, we show that focally applied forces of this magnitude using a newly developed Stokesian fluid stimulus probe initiate rapid and transient intercellular electrical signals in vitro. Our experiments demonstrate both direct gap junction coupling and extracellular purinergic P2 receptor signaling between MLO-Y4 cells in a connected bone cell network. Intercellular signaling was initiated by pN-level forces applied at integrin attachment sites along both appositional and distal unapposed cell processes, but not initiated at their cell bodies with equivalent forces. Electrical coupling was evident in 58% of all cell pairs tested with appositional connections; coupling strength increased with the increasing number of junctional connections. Apyrase, a nucleotide-degrading enzyme, suppressed and abolished force-induced effector responses, indicating a contribution from ATP released by the stimulated cell. This work extends the understanding of how osteocytes modulate their microenvironment in response to mechanical signals and highlights mechanisms of intercellular relay of mechanoresponsive signals in the bone network. 相似文献
998.
Abigail Mitchell 《Teaching and Learning in Nursing》2012,7(3):98-99
Today nursing classrooms have students from various generations, ranging from Baby Boomers to Generation Y. This multi-generational nursing classroom has incorporated numerous challenges for nursing faculty. Learning styles differ across each generation span and we as nursing faculty need to be aware of our own generation learning style to move forward. We as educators can enhance our teaching strategies to challenge the various generations. 相似文献
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