全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5762篇 |
免费 | 268篇 |
国内免费 | 42篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 59篇 |
儿科学 | 53篇 |
妇产科学 | 69篇 |
基础医学 | 644篇 |
口腔科学 | 187篇 |
临床医学 | 366篇 |
内科学 | 1517篇 |
皮肤病学 | 69篇 |
神经病学 | 348篇 |
特种医学 | 397篇 |
外科学 | 1081篇 |
综合类 | 36篇 |
预防医学 | 152篇 |
眼科学 | 168篇 |
药学 | 296篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 628篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 24篇 |
2022年 | 67篇 |
2021年 | 116篇 |
2020年 | 44篇 |
2019年 | 87篇 |
2018年 | 104篇 |
2017年 | 91篇 |
2016年 | 88篇 |
2015年 | 104篇 |
2014年 | 119篇 |
2013年 | 178篇 |
2012年 | 298篇 |
2011年 | 295篇 |
2010年 | 179篇 |
2009年 | 170篇 |
2008年 | 298篇 |
2007年 | 283篇 |
2006年 | 276篇 |
2005年 | 303篇 |
2004年 | 245篇 |
2003年 | 287篇 |
2002年 | 270篇 |
2001年 | 155篇 |
2000年 | 158篇 |
1999年 | 168篇 |
1998年 | 66篇 |
1997年 | 47篇 |
1996年 | 55篇 |
1995年 | 46篇 |
1994年 | 64篇 |
1993年 | 43篇 |
1992年 | 113篇 |
1991年 | 119篇 |
1990年 | 122篇 |
1989年 | 110篇 |
1988年 | 106篇 |
1987年 | 117篇 |
1986年 | 96篇 |
1985年 | 109篇 |
1984年 | 43篇 |
1983年 | 45篇 |
1982年 | 25篇 |
1981年 | 23篇 |
1979年 | 46篇 |
1978年 | 23篇 |
1977年 | 36篇 |
1974年 | 24篇 |
1971年 | 19篇 |
1970年 | 20篇 |
1969年 | 19篇 |
排序方式: 共有6072条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Crucial role of donor-derived stromal cells in successful treatment for intractable autoimmune diseases in mrl/lpr mice by bmt via portal vein 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Kushida T Inaba M Hisha H Ichioka N Esumi T Ogawa R Iida H Ikehara S 《Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio)》2001,19(3):226-235
We have recently established a new bone marrow transplantation (BMT) method for the treatment of intractable autoimmune diseases in MRL/lpr mice; the method consists of fractionated irradiation (5.5 Gy x 2), followed by BMT of whole bone marrow cells (BMCs) from allogeneic C57BL/6 mice via the portal vein (abbreviated as 5.5 Gy x 2 + PV). In the present study, we investigate the mechanisms underlying the early engraftment of donor-derived cells in MRL/lpr mice by this method. In the mice treated with this method, the number of donor-derived cells possessing the mature lineage (Lin) markers rapidly increased in the BM, spleen, and liver; almost 100% were donor-derived cells by 14 days after the treatment. The number of donor-derived hemopoietic progenitor cells (defined as c-kit(+)/Lin(-) cells) increased in the BMCs, hepatic mononuclear cells, and especially spleen cells by 14 days after the treatment. Simultaneously, hemopoietic foci adjoining donor-derived stromal cells were observed in the liver when injected via the PV, but not via the peripheral vein (i.v.). When adherent cell-depleted BMCs were injected via the PV, recipients showed a marked reduction in the survival rate. However, when mice were transplanted with adherent cell-depleted BMCs with cultured stromal cells, all the recipients survived. These findings suggest that not only donor hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) but also donor stromal cells administered via the PV were trapped in the liver, resulting in the early engraftment of donor HSCs in cooperation with donor-derived stromal cells. This new strategy to facilitate the early recovery of hemopoiesis would therefore be of great advantage in human application. 相似文献
52.
Sekigawa I Matsushita M Lee S Maeda N Ogasawara H Kaneko H Iida N Hashimoto H 《Autoimmunity》2000,33(1):37-44
Current investigations into the role of CD8+ T cells and their derived cytokine, interleukin (IL)-16, in the induction of CD4+ T cell abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were reviewed and discussed on the basis of results mainly obtained in our laboratory. 相似文献
53.
Masahiro Kamouchi Takanari KitazonoTetsuro Ago Masanori WakisakaJunya Kuroda Kuniyuki NakamuraNoriko Hagiwara Hiroaki OoboshiSetsuro Ibayashi Mitsuo Iida 《Neuroscience letters》2007
Objective: The aims of the present study were to elucidate the interaction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ response in central nervous system (CNS) pericytes. Methods: The intracellular Ca2+ concentration was measured using fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, fura-2, in cultured CNS pericytes. Results: Hydrogen peroxide evoked a dose-dependent increase in cytosolic Ca2+, which was completely inhibited by catalase. Removal of external Ca2+ or addition of nicardipine (1 μM) during application of hydrogen peroxide did not affect Ca2+ response. Incubation of the cells in Ca2+ free solution did not abolish but slightly reduced Ca2+ response by hydrogen peroxide. Ca2+ response to hydrogen peroxide was not altered by the depletion of intracellular Ca2+ by thapsigargin (1 μM). Pretreatment of the cells with tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein (100 μM) or tyrphostin A47 (30 μM) significantly reduced Ca2+ increase by hydrogen peroxide. Conclusions: These results indicate that hydrogen peroxide evokes Ca2+ increase predominantly by release from intracellular Ca2+ store, which may be regulated by tyrosine kinases. 相似文献
54.
Nobuyoshi Kittaka MD PhD Satomi Nakajima MD Takaaki Hatano MD Yukiko Seto MD Hiroki Kusama MD PhD Saki Matsui MD PhD Minako Nishio MD PhD Fumie Fujisawa MD PhD Keiichiro Honma MD PhD Takahiro Nakayama MD PhD Yasuhiro Tamaki MD PhD 《The breast journal》2021,27(11):804-810
The ACOSOG Z0011 trial has resulted in the omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in early breast cancer patients with one or two metastatic sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). There has been increasing interest in the necessity of intraoperative assessment of SLNs in patients treated based on the Z0011 criteria. We evaluated the utility of intraoperative assessment in these eligible patients. A total of 1396 patients were treated following the Z0011 criteria from April 2012 to December 2019. We examined the proportion and clinicopathological features of patients who underwent ALND due to three or more metastatic SLNs and the sensitivity of intraoperative assessment. Only 16 (1.1%) patients had three or more metastatic SLNs diagnosed by intraoperative assessment, and they immediately underwent ALND. Of the clinicopathological factors, high clinical tumor stage (p = 0.002) and high Ki-67 labeling index value (p = 0.056) were more likely to be associated with the presence of three or more metastatic SLNs. The major independent risk factor for three or more metastatic SLNs was high clinical tumor stage (OR 3.94 [95% CI 1.42–11.0]; p = 0.009). Intraoperative assessment had low sensitivity (70.5%) and a high false-negative rate (29.5%) in detecting SLN metastases. The main finding of our study was the small proportion of patients who required ALND due to three or more metastatic SLNs according to the Z0011 criteria. The Z0011 strategy enables intraoperative assessment of SLNs to be omitted in early breast cancer patients. 相似文献
55.
Koji Inaba Keisuke Tsuchida Tairo Kashihara Rei Umezawa Kana Takahashi Kae Okuma Naoya Murakami Yoshinori Ito Hiroshi Igaki Minako Sumi Yuko Nakayama Yasuo Shinoda Tomohiko Hara Yoshiyuki Matsui Motokiyo Komiyama Hiroyuki Fujimoto Jun Itami 《Journal of radiation research》2021,62(3):511
Although systemic therapy is the standard treatment for metastatic prostate cancer, a randomized controlled trial showed radiotherapy to the prostate improved overall survival of metastatic prostate cancer patients with the low metastatic burden. Additionally, a randomized phase II trial showed that metastasis-directed therapy for oligo-recurrent prostate cancer improved androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT)-free survival. Therefore, administering radiotherapy to both prostate and metastatic regions might result in better outcomes. Thus, we report the treatment results of radiotherapy to both prostate and metastatic regions. Our institutional database was searched for patients who received radiotherapy to the prostate and metastatic regions. We summarized patient characteristics and treatment efficacy and performed statistical analysis to find possible prognostic factors. A total of 35 patients were included in this study. The median age was 66 years, and the median initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 32 ng/ml. The Gleason score was 7 in 10 patients, 8 in 13 patients, and 9 in 12 patients. The median radiotherapy dose was 72 Gy to the prostate and 50 Gy to the metastatic bone region. The 8-year overall survival, cause-specific survival, progression-free survival, and freedom from biochemical failure rate were 81, 85, 53, and 57%. Among the 35 patients, 12 were disease-free even after ADT was discontinued. In selected patients with metastatic prostate cancer, ADT and radiotherapy to the prostate and metastatic sites were effective. Patients with good response to ADT may benefit from radiotherapy to both prostate and metastatic regions. 相似文献
56.
57.
Jun Hatazawa Hiroshi Itoh Eku Shimosegawa Iwao Kanno Matsutaroh Murakami Shuichi Miura Hidehiro Iida Toshio Okudera Atsushi Inugami Toshihide Ogawa Hideaki Fujita Yuichi Satoh Ken Nagata Yutaka Hirata Kazuo Uemura 《Annals of nuclear medicine》1994,8(3):213-217
We studied the brain uptake of amino acid in a patient with acute cerebral infarction with L-[2-(F-18)] fluorophenylalanine and positron emission tomography. The increased accumulation of the ligand was specifically found in the peri-infarct area where oxygen metabolism was still maintained but decreased later in the 72-day follow-up period. The kinetic analysis revealed that increased accumulation was not due to increased transport from the blood to the brain but to delayed washout from the brain to the blood. Although the mechanism is still unknown, abnormally high accumulation of L-[F-18]fluorophenylalanine may predict delayed neuronal changes after ischemic insults of the brain. 相似文献
58.
Studies of the effects of the chelating agent, calcium acetylamino propylidene diphosphonic acid (Ca-APDA), on the removal of radioactive strontium with two administration modalities were carried out in rats. The parenteral (intraperitoneal) administration of 150, 300, or 600 mg kg(-1) Ca-APDA was carried out for 3 d, 10 min after exposure of the animals to the strontium injection. On the first day post-treatment, the retention of strontium in the whole body decreased to 90.1%, 83.9%, and 35.1% that of the control level, respectively. The strontium deposited in femur of 600 mg kg(-1) Ca-APDA group was lowered to 28.4% of the control value. A single oral dose of 600 mg kg(-1) Ca-APDA administered simultaneously with, or 10 min after, oral administration of strontium, radionuclide retention in the whole body was reduced after 1 d to 42.9% and 31.9% of the control, respectively; meanwhile the strontium deposited in the femur was reduced to 16.9% and 29.3% of the control. In conclusion, the results indicate the efficacy of the new agent, Ca-APDA, to remove radioactive strontium from the body, or to inhibit the strontium intestinal absorption, in radio-strontium contaminated individuals. 相似文献
59.
Akagi M Matsusue Y Mata T Asada Y Horiguchi M Iida H Nakamura T 《Clinical orthopaedics and related research》1999,(366):155-163
Forty-four consecutive patients (65 knees) who underwent identical condylar type total knee arthroplasty were evaluated retrospectively. In 22 of the patients (32 knees), the femoral component was set parallel to the posterior condylar axis (neutrally aligned group). In the remaining 22 patients (33 knees), it was set in an external rotation position of 3 degrees to 5 degrees relative to the axis (externally aligned group). Of the total knee arthroplasties in the neutrally aligned group, 34% required lateral release, compared with only 6% in the externally aligned group; patellar tracking in the externally aligned group was significantly better than that in the neutrally aligned group. Postoperative measurements performed using computed tomography scans showed that the mean angle between the prosthetic posterior condylar axis and the transepicondylar axis was 7.9 degrees in the neutrally aligned group and 3.2 degrees in the externally aligned group. The external rotation setting of the femoral component diminished the need for lateral retinacular release and may decrease the rate of patellofemoral complications that occur after total knee arthroplasty. 相似文献
60.