The upregulation of glial glutamate transporter-1 participates in the induction of brain ischemic tolerance in rats.

Glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) plays an essential role in removing glutamate from the extracellular space and maintaining the glutamate below neurotoxic level in the brain. To explore whether GLT-1 plays a role in the acquisition of brain ischemic tolerance (BIT) induced by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP), the present study was undertaken to observe in vivo changes in the expression of GLT-1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the CA1 hippocampus during the induction of BIT, and the effect of dihydrokainate (DHK), an inhibitor of GLT-1, on the acquisition of BIT in rats. Immunohistochemistry for GFAP showed that the processes of astrocytes were prolonged after a CIP 2 days before the lethal ischemic insult, which could protect pyramidal neurons in the CA1 hippocampus against delayed neuronal death induced normally by lethal ischemic insult. The prolonged processes extended into the area between the pyramidal neurons and tightly surrounded them. These changes made the pyramidal layer look like a 'shape grid'. Simultaneously, the prolonged and extended processes showed a great deal of GLT-1. Western blotting analysis showed significant upregulation of GLT-1 expression after the CIP, especially when it was administered 2 days before the subsequent lethal ischemic insult. Neuropathological evaluation by thionin staining showed that DHK dose-dependently blocked the protective role of CIP against delayed neuronal death induced normally by lethal brain ischemia. It might be concluded that the surrounding of pyramidal neurons by astrocytes and upregulation of GLT-1 induced by CIP played an important role in the acquisition of the BIT induced by CIP.     

腰椎间盘突出症早期手术并发症的回顾性分析

腰椎间盘突出是腰腿痛的主要原因,因患病率高,手术开展较为普及,关于其手术后并发症的相关报导也逐渐增多。为了进一步了解这些并发症的发生原因,我们将1993年2月至2004年12月手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症768例中所发生的74例早期并发症进行回顾性分析,针对手术的危险因素提出相应的     

伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的修复

目的探讨伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的修复方法。方法对34例伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发畸形的患者,在行齿槽嵴植骨的同时,行彻底的鼻整形手术。结果术后随访1~3年,植骨区成活良好,鼻畸形较整形前明显改善,接近正常外形,效果满意。结论在行齿槽嵴植骨的同时,行彻底的鼻整形手术,能够取得满意的效果,并且节省了医疗费用,缩短了治疗时间。     

大肠癌组织中MMP-2、MMP-7的基因表达

目的:观察MMP-2和MMP-7在大肠癌组织与正常组织中表达的差异.方法:取28例大肠癌组织及肿瘤周围正常组织,用RT-PCR方法检测肿瘤组织及正常组织中MMP-2和MMP-7的表达.结果:MMP-2和MMP-7在大肠癌组织中的表达率和表达水平高于周围的正常组织(P＜0.05).结论:MMP-2和MMP-7可能在大肠癌的进展中起重要作用.     

多效蛋白在大肠癌恶性化过程中的作用

目的了解多效蛋白在大肠癌中的表达情况 ,以及对大肠癌恶性化的影响。方法采用RT PCR和免疫组化染色 ,对 2 4例大肠癌组织和 19例大肠癌癌旁组织的多效蛋白mRNA表达情况进行分析。结果 2 4例大肠癌组织和 19例癌旁正常组织中表达多效蛋白mRNA的各有 18例。多效蛋白不但表达在肿瘤细胞 ,还表达在其他间质细胞中。大肠癌组织中多效蛋白的表达明显高于癌旁正常组织 (34%vs.9% ,P <0 0 5 )。 (94 % )大肠癌多效蛋白mRNA主要由内源性多效蛋白转录 ,且表达在肿瘤的 4个分期中 ,而人类内源性逆转录病毒 多效蛋白仅融合转录在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期肿瘤上 (31% )。结论多效蛋白尤其是人类内源性逆转录病毒 多效蛋白与大肠癌的恶性化有关。     

Quick White美白胶漂白氟斑牙的临床效果

目的:临床观察QuickWhite美白胶对氟斑牙患者的漂白治疗效果。方法:选取63例I￣III级不同程度的氟斑牙患者,采用QuickWhite美白胶进行漂白治疗,分别于治疗前及治疗后用Vita比色板对牙齿比色并记录,评价治疗效果。评价标准:治疗后无改变为无效,变白2个色阶为有效,变白3个色阶以上为显效。结果:使用QuickWhite美白胶治疗后,I级患者显效率为95.6%,II级患者显效率为50%。结论:QuickWhite美白胶可为氟斑牙患者提供可靠的漂白治疗效果。     

滥用药物与生命质量退化的伦理思考

本文从生命质量的内涵入手,分析了滥用药物的直接和间接、近期和远期的危害,通过论证得出了滥用药物必将引起人类生命质量退化的结论.以期从一个新的认识度唤起人们对滥用药物问题的重视、并由此引出了一些对医学目的以及滥用药物控制措施的思考.     

Antitumor activity of five new platinum complexes having a glycolate leaving ligand.

In an attempt to develop a new anticancer platinum complex with greater or equivalent antitumor activity but reduced side effects compared with cisplatin (CDDP), a series of new platinum complexes having a glycolate leaving ligand was synthesized. Among them, five complexes were selected for further development on the basis of adequate water solubility, low nephrotoxicity and high antitumor activity in a murine system. The chemosensitivity of these five complexes was examined in MTT assay against two human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell lines, PC-9 and PC-14, and two human stomach adenocarcinoma cell lines, MKN-45 and KATO III. Their IC50 and relative antitumor activity (RAA) values were compared with those of CDDP and 254-S, a second-generation platinum complex with a glycolate leaving ligand under phase III clinical trial. The lowest mean IC50 value was observed in CDDP, followed by SKI 2034R and SKI 2033R. In this study, the antitumor activity was evaluated in terms of RAA values and SKI 2034R showed the highest RAA value. The order of RAA values was SKI 2034R > CDDP > SKI 2032R > SKI 2033R > SKI 2030R > SKI 2029R > 254-S. Based on the RAA order, we have recommended SKI 2034R as the most promising candidate for further development of a clinically useful platinum complex.     

环丙沙星与氧氟沙星注射液治疗细菌性感染的疗效观察

以乳酸环丙沙星（ＣＰＬＸ）注射液和氧氟沙星（ＯＦＬＸ）注射液随机分组治疗各种细菌性感染４０例及４２例，并以注射用头孢噻肟钠（ＣＴＸ）治疗４９例作对照。三组平均年龄、体重、疗程及病情程度相比无显著性差异，具可比性。病种分布以消化道感染最多，共８１例，占总数的６１．８％。三组１３１例病人细菌阳性率为９４．７％。一疗程ＣＰＬＸ组、ＯＦＬＸ组、ＣＴＸ组治愈率分别为８７．２％、８３．３％、７１．４％，有效率     

赖型钩体flaB2与VR1012中的CpG基序分析

目的：对问号赖型钩端螺旋体（赖型钩体）DNA疫苗[包括内鞭毛蛋白基因（flaB2)和质粒DNA表达载体（VR1012）]的CpG基序（CpG motifs)进行分析，为DNA疫苗免疫机制的阐明和提高DNA疫苗的效能奠定基础。方法：以flaB2与VR1012构建重组DNA的免疫原，对flaB2及VR1012全核苷酸序列进行计算机分析（分类、计数和定位）。结果：CpG的“C”的侧翼为两个嘌呤，“G”的侧翼为两个嘧啶，在flaB2中共3个，分别为GACGCT，GACGTC和GACGCC；在VR1012中共11个，分别为GACGTC1个，GACGCT2个，GACGCC1个，GACGTT1个，GGCGTT2个，GGCGCT2个，GGCGCC1个，AACGCT1个，其中特别重要的TGACGTCA4个和TAACGCCA有1个，位于5'端456－463；509－516；592－599；778－785和486－493；4个TGACGTCA和1个TAACGCCA均位于5'端且相对集中。结论：赖型钩体flaB2与VR1012构成的DNA疫苗含有TGACGTCA等CpG，这些基序又称免疫刺激序列，构成了DNA疫苗中的佐剂。