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161.
Replicative segregation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can produce large
differences in the proportions of wild-type and mutant mtDNAs in different
cell types of patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. This is
particularly striking in the skeletal muscle of patients with Kearns-Sayre
syndrome (KSS), a sporadic disease associated with large- scale mtDNA
deletions, and in sporadic patients with tRNA point mutations. Although the
skeletal muscle fibres of these patients invariably contain a large
proportion of mutant mtDNAs, mutant mtDNAs are rare or undetectable in
satellite cells cultured from the same muscle biopsy specimens. Since
satellite cells are responsible for muscle fibre regeneration, restoration
of the wild-type mtDNA genotype might be achieved in these patients by
encouraging muscle regeneration. To test this concept, we re-biopsied a
patient with a KSS phenotype and a mtDNA point mutation in the
tRNAleu(CUN)gene and analysed muscle fibres regenerating at the site of the
original muscle biopsy. Regenerating fibres were identified by
morphological criteria and by expression of neural cell adhesion molecule
(NCAM). All such fibers were positive for cytochrome c oxidase (COX)
activity by cytochemistry and essentially homoplasmic for wild-type mtDNA,
while the majority of non-regenerating fibres were COX-negative and
contained predominantly mutant mtDNAs. These results demonstrate that it
may be possible to improve muscle function in similar patients by methods
that promote satellite cell incorporation into existing myofibres.
相似文献
162.
First trimester development of human chorionic villous vascularization studied with CD34 immunohistochemistry 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:3
te Velde EA; Exalto N; Hesseling P; van der Linden HC 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(7):1577-1581
Normal chorionic villous vascularization is essential for the undisturbed
development of pregnancy. Defective vasculogenesis may play a role in
pathological pregnancy. To assess pathological chorionic villous
vascularization, normal vascularization has to be defined first. Few data
are available on this topic. The aim of this study was therefore to
investigate normal chorionic villous vascularization in ultrasound-dated
first trimester pregnancies from week 5 menstrual age to week 12 (n = 41),
using quantitative CD34 immunohistochemistry. Two important processes in
chorionic villous vascularization were quantitatively illustrated: (i)
maturation, reflected by an increase of the total number of luminized
vessels as opposed to non-luminized haemangioblastic cords and (ii)
margination, due to a decrease of villous stromal area and an increase of
total villous vascular area. The percentage of villous stromal area
occupied by vascular elements (area difference %) increased from 0.7% in
week 5-2.5% in week 10. Therefore, the area of the villous stroma occupied
by vascular elements increases and the vessels are situated closer to the
trophoblastic layer suitable for fetal-maternal exchange. There was also a
trend in increased number of peripheral vessels (2.0 in week 5 to 4.6 in
week 10), supporting both developmental mechanisms. In conclusion, in
exactly dated normal human first trimester pregnancies, development of the
chorionic villous vascular system seems to be mostly characterized by
maturation of luminized vessels from primitive haemangioblastic cords, and
margination to a situation of peripherally located vessels.
相似文献
163.
Two modes of embryo transfer, uterine and tubal, were compared following
natural cycle in-vitro fertilization (IVF). Only patients with patent
Fallopian tubes were included in the study. Tubal embryo transfer was
performed by retrograde tubal cannulation without analgesia on an
outpatient basis. Tubal transfer conferred no benefit compared with uterine
transfer in male factor infertility with positive fertilization (pregnancy
rates of 15.8% in both groups). Although tubal embryo transfer in the
patients with unexplained infertility improved the pregnancy rates from
7.8% in uterine transfer (5/64) to 17.6% in the tubal transfer group
(13/74), this improvement was not statistically significant.
相似文献
164.
165.
166.
Hyperglycemia at admission to ICU is independently associated with increased serum levels of IL-6 and reduced <Emphasis Type="Italic">ex vivo</Emphasis> TNF-alpha production 下载免费PDF全文
167.
1 OverviewoffemalemalignanciesinEuropeCancerincidenceandmortalityestimatesfor 1995werereportedrecentlyfor 38countriesinEurope[1] .Therewereestimated 2 .6millionnewcasesofcancerinEuropein 1995 ,representingoverone quarteroftheworldburdenofcancerwhileEurope’sinhabi… 相似文献
168.
Relative contributions of human types 1 and 2 T-helper cell-derived eosinophilotrophic cytokines to development of eosinophilia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The relative contributions of type 1 and 2 T-helper (Th1 and Th2) cell- derived interleukin (IL-5), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and IL-3 were studied in the regulation of sequential events in the development of eosinophilia. Using eosinophils from normal donors and neutralizing antibodies that selectively block cytokine activities, we analyzed the effects of these cytokines in supernatants (SN) of well-characterized allergen-specific Th2 and Th1 T- lymphocyte clones (TLC) generated from atopic and nonatopic individuals, respectively. Eosinophil colony formation from CD34+ bone marrow progenitor cells in semisolid cultures could be induced both by Th1 and Th2 SN, mainly mediated by the synergistic effects of GM-CSF and IL-3, whereas IL-5 had only a minor additive effect. High production of mature eosinophils in liquid cultures of unseparated mononuclear bone marrow cells could only be induced by Th2 SN, which could be more than 90% blocked by anti-IL-5, but not by anti-IL-3 or anti-GM-CSF. Chemotaxis of mature peripheral blood eosinophils could equally well be induced by Th1 and Th2 SN, although the relative contribution of the individual cytokines was clearly different in the two sets of SN. Priming of platelet-activating factor (PAF) release by peripheral blood eosinophils was regulated by additive effects of the three cytokines and was stronger induced by the Th2 SN than by the Th1 SN. The present results indicate that IL-5, GM-CSF, and IL-3 control eosinophils throughout the course of development of eosinophilia, having different individual contributions in different compartments. The apparent strong and selective IL-5-dependence of certain yet undefined steps in eosinophil production in the bone marrow supports the concept of the generally assumed causal relation between predominant activation of IL-5-producing Th2 cells in response to allergens and development of eosinophilia in atopic disease. 相似文献
169.
Simulated pulmonary nodules: detection with dual-energy digital versus conventional radiography 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Niklason LT; Hickey NM; Chakraborty DP; Sabbagh EA; Yester MV; Fraser RG; Barnes GT 《Radiology》1986,160(3):589-593
Performance of a prototype dual-energy digital chest radiography unit in detecting calcified and noncalcified simulated pulmonary nodules was compared with that of a highly optimized, conventional system. Nodules ranging in size (0.5, 1.0, and 1.6 cm), in number (five to 11), and in calcium content (0-25 mg) were superimposed over the lungs of a frozen, unembalmed, human chest phantom. For each technique, six observers examined 50 posteroanterior projections with different randomized nodule locations. Detection consisted of locating and assigning a level of confidence to each perceived nodular opacity. The resulting plots of the true-positive fraction versus the mean number of false-positive calls per projection indicate that for both calcified and noncalcified nodules, the digital unit performed significantly better (P less than .01). 相似文献
170.
Rowe JM; Andersen JW; Mazza JJ; Bennett JM; Paietta E; Hayes FA; Oette D; Cassileth PA; Stadtmauer EA; Wiernik PH 《Blood》1995,86(2):457-462
The treatment of adult patients greater than 55 to 70 years of age with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is associated with a treatment-related mortality of approximately 25%. This prospective, double-blind randomized study was designed to see if the use of granulocyte- macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF; yeast-derived) could shorten the period of neutropenia and to determine any effect this would have on therapy-related morbidity and mortality. A total of 124 patients entered this study. Induction consisted of standard daunorubicin and cytarabine. A day-10 bone marrow was examined; if this was aplastic without leukemia, patients received blinded placebo or GM- CSF from day 11 until neutrophil recovery. Patients who entered complete remission received the identical study medication (blinded GM- CSF or placebo) in consolidation that they had received during induction. The overall complete remission rate was 52%; 60% for the GM- CSF arm and 44% for the placebo arm (P = .08). Median times to neutrophil recovery were significantly shortened on the GM-CSF arm. The overall treatment-related toxicity from start of GM-CSF/placebo was reduced on the GM-CSF arm (P = .049). Similarly, the infectious toxicity was significantly reduced on the GM-CSF arm (P = .015). The median survival for all patients was 10.6 months in the GM-CSF group and 4.8 months in the placebo arm (P = .048). It appears that GM-CSF is safe and efficacious for adult patients greater than 55 to 70 years of age with AML; its major impact is in reducing the duration of neutropenia and therapy-related mortality and morbidity. This may result in a better response rate. 相似文献