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61.
Nadja A. Farshad-Amacker Brett Lurie Richard J. Herzog Mazda Farshad 《European radiology》2014,24(10):2623-2630
Objective
Sufficiently sized studies to determine the value of the iliolumbar ligament (ILL) as an identifier of the L5 vertebra in cases of a lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV) are lacking.Methods
Seventy-one of 770 patients with LSTV (case group) and 62 of 611 subjects without LSTV with confirmed L5 level were included. Two independent radiologists using coronal MR images documented the level(s) of origin of the ILL. The interobserver agreement was analysed using weighted kappa/kappa (wκ/κ) and a Fischer’s exact test to assess the value of the ILL as an identifier of the L5 vertebra.Results
The ILL identified the L5 vertebra by originating solely from L5 in 95 % of the controls; additional origins were observed in 5 %. In the case group, the ILL was able to identify the L5 vertebra by originating solely from L5 in 25–38 %. Partial origin from L5, including origins from other vertebra was observed in 39–59 % and no origin from L5 at all in 15–23 % (wκ?=?0.69). Both readers agreed that an ILL was always present and its origin always involved the last lumbar vertebra.Conclusion
The level of the origin of the ILL is unreliable for identification of the L5 vertebra in the setting of an LSTV or segmentation anomalies.Key Points
? The origin of the ILL is evaluated in subjects with an LSTV. ? The origin of the ILL is anatomically highly variable in LSTV. ? The ILL is not a reliable landmark of the L5 vertebra in LSTV. 相似文献62.
Despite tuberculosis (TB) being endemic in many parts of the world, its prevalence in infancy is low. Neurotuberculosis in this age is even rarer and presents either as meningitis or intracranial tuberculoma on the background of exposure to the disease. We report occurrence of multidrug-resistant tuberculous subdural empyema in a three-month-old girl as the initial presenting manifestation of TB in the absence of any exposure to the disease. She was successfully managed with surgery and drugs with good outcome at 18 months. 相似文献
63.
Suzuki R Allen NE Key TJ Appleby PN Tjønneland A Johnsen NF Jensen MK Overvad K Boeing H Pischon T Kaaks R Rohrmann S Trichopoulou A Misirli G Trichopoulos D Bueno-de-Mesquita HB van Duijnhoven F Sacerdote C Pala V Palli D Tumino R Ardanaz E Quirós JR Larrañaga N Sánchez MJ Tormo MJ Jakszyn P Johansson I Stattin P Berglund G Manjer J Bingham S Khaw KT Egevad L Ferrari P Jenab M Riboli E 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2009,124(1):245-249
Few studies have examined the association between dietary fiber intake and prostate cancer risk. We evaluated the association between dietary fiber intake and the risk of prostate cancer among 142,590 men in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Consumption of dietary fiber (total, cereal, fruit and vegetable fiber) was estimated by validated dietary questionnaires and calibrated using 24-hr dietary recalls. Incidence rate ratios were estimated using Cox regression and adjusted for potential confounding factors. During an average of 8.7 years follow-up, prostate cancer was diagnosed in 2,747 men. Overall, there was no association between dietary fiber intake (total, cereal, fruit or vegetable fiber) and prostate cancer risk, although calibrated intakes of total fiber and fruit fiber were associated with nonstatistically significant reductions in risk. There was no association between fiber derived from cereals or vegetables and risk and no evidence for heterogeneity in any of the risk estimates by stage or grade of disease. Our results suggest that dietary fiber intake is not associated with prostate cancer risk. 相似文献
64.
Jenab M McKay JD Ferrari P Biessy C Laing S Munar GM Sala N Peña S Crusius JB Overvad K Jensen MK Olsen A Tjonneland A Clavel-Chapelon F Boutron-Ruault MC Kaaks R Linseisen J Boeing H Bergmann MM Trichopoulou A Georgila C Psaltopoulou T Mattiello A Vineis P Pala V Palli D Tumino R Numans ME Peeters PH Bueno-de-Mesquita HB Lund E Ardanaz E Sánchez MJ Dorronsoro M Sanchez CN Quirós JR Hallmans G Stenling R Manjer J Régner S Key T Bingham S Khaw KT Slimani N Rinaldi S Boffetta P Carneiro F 《European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)》2008,44(6):774-780
65.
Raul Zamora-Ros Valerie Cayssials Mazda Jenab Joseph A. Rothwell Veronika Fedirko Krasimira Aleksandrova Anne Tjønneland Cecilie Kyrø Kim Overvad Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Franck Carbonnel Yahya Mahamat-Saleh Rudolf Kaaks Tilman Kühn Heiner Boeing Antonia Trichopoulou Elissavet Valanou Effie Vasilopoulou Giovanna Masala Valeria Pala Salvatore Panico Rosario Tumino Fulvio Ricceri Elisabete Weiderpass Torkjel M. Sandanger Cristina Lasheras Antonio Agudo Maria-Jose Sánchez Pilar Amiano Carmen Navarro Eva Ardanaz Emily Sonestedt Bodil Ohlsson Lena Maria Nilsson Martin Rutegård Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Kay-Thee Khaw Nicholas J. Wareham Kathryn Bradbury Heinz Freisling Isabelle Romieu Amanda J. Cross Paolo Vineis Augustin Scalbert 《European journal of epidemiology》2018,33(11):1063-1075
Polyphenols may play a chemopreventive role in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, epidemiological evidence supporting a role for intake of individual polyphenol classes, other than flavonoids is insufficient. We evaluated the association between dietary intakes of total and individual classes and subclasses of polyphenols and CRC risk and its main subsites, colon and rectum, within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The cohort included 476,160 men and women from 10 European countries. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, there were 5991 incident CRC cases, of which 3897 were in the colon and 2094 were in the rectum. Polyphenol intake was estimated using validated centre/country specific dietary questionnaires and the Phenol-Explorer database. In multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models, a doubling in total dietary polyphenol intake was not associated with CRC risk in women (HRlog2?=?1.06, 95% CI 0.99–1.14) or in men (HRlog2?=?0.97, 95% CI 0.90–1.05), respectively. Phenolic acid intake, highly correlated with coffee consumption, was inversely associated with colon cancer in men (HRlog2?=?0.91, 95% CI 0.85–0.97) and positively associated with rectal cancer in women (HRlog2?=?1.10, 95% CI 1.02–1.19); although associations did not exceed the Bonferroni threshold for significance. Intake of other polyphenol classes was not related to colorectal, colon or rectal cancer risks. Our study suggests a possible inverse association between phenolic acid intake and colon cancer risk in men and positive with rectal cancer risk in women. 相似文献
66.
67.
Electrical stimulation with periodic alternating intervals stimulates neuronal cells to produce neurotrophins and cytokines through activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathways 下载免费PDF全文
Kenta Yamamoto Toshiro Yamamoto Kenichi Honjo Hiroaki Ichioka Fumishige Oseko Tsunao Kishida Osam Mazda Narisato Kanamura 《European journal of oral sciences》2015,123(6):403-408
Peripheral neuropathy is a representative complication of dental surgery. Electrical therapy, based on electrical stimulation with periodic alternating intervals (ES‐PAI), may promote nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury in a non‐invasive manner, potentially providing an effective therapy for neuropathy. This study aimed to analyze the molecular mechanisms underlying the nerve recovery stimulated by ES‐PAI. In brief, ES‐PAI was applied to a neuronal cell line, Neuro2A, at various intensities using the pulse generator apparatus, FREUDE. Cell viability, neurotrophin mRNA expression, and cytokine production were examined using a tetrazolium‐based assay, real‐time RT‐PCR, and ELISA, respectively. Mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling was assessed using flow cytometry. It was found that ES‐PAI increased the viability of cells and elevated expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3); ESPAI also augmented vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) expression, which was restored by addition of p38 inhibitors. Phosphorylation of p38 and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK‐1/2) was augmented by ES‐PAI. Hence, ES‐PAI may ameliorate peripheral neuropathy by promoting neuronal cell proliferation and production of neurogenic factors by activating p38 and ERK‐1/2 pathways. 相似文献
68.
Lithium augmentation increases the ACTH and cortisol response in the combined DEX/CRH test in unipolar major depression. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Tom Bschor Mazda Adli Christopher Baethge Uta Eichmann Marcus Ising Manfred Uhr Sieglinde Modell Heike Künzel Bruno Müller-Oerlinghausen Michael Bauer 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2002,27(3):470-478
Lithium augmentation is a well established strategy for treatment-resistant depression. The exact mode of its action is unknown, but an enhancement of serotonergic transmission is hypothesized. The authors investigated changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system during lithium augmentation and their correlation to clinical response by means of the combined dexamethasone/CRH test (DEX/CRH test). Thirty patients with unipolar major depressive episodes (DSM IV) who had not responded to an adequate trial with an antidepressant were assessed on the day before lithium augmentation (baseline) with the DEX/CRH test (pretreatment with 1.5 mg dexamethasone p.o. at 11 P.M. and CRH stimulation at 3 P.M. on the next day). Twenty-four patients were re-assessed after response was determined or, in cases of non-response, four weeks after initiation of lithium augmentation. Response to lithium augmentation was measured by weekly ratings on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS 17-item version). Response was defined as a DeltaHDRS of > or =50% and an endpoint score of < 10. Patients had a significantly higher ACTH and cortisol response to CRH stimulation during lithium augmentation compared with the values at baseline. There was no difference in ACTH and cortisol reaction between responders and non-responders to lithium augmentation. This increase is in contrast to the known normalization of HPA-axis overdrive after treatment with a tricyclic antidepressant like amitriptyline. Because the effect was independent of response status we suggest that this increase reflects an effect of lithium that is independent from the psychopathological state or its change. This effect might be explained by the serotonergic effects of lithium. 相似文献
69.
Marco D. Burkhard Ruben Loretz Ilker Uçkay David E. Bauer Michael Betz Mazda Farshad 《The spine journal》2021,21(3):370-376
Background ContextPseudarthrosis after attempted spinal fusion is yet not sufficiently understood and presents a surgical challenge. Occult infections are sometimes observed in patients with pseudarthrosis and no inflammatory signs of infection. The prevalence of such occult infection and its association with patient demographics and inflammatory markers are largely unknown.PurposeTo determine the prevalence of unexpected low-grade infection in spinal pseudarthrosis revision surgery, and to evaluate whether such infection is associated with patient demographics and inflammatory markers.Study DesignRetrospective observational study.Patient SampleOne-hundred-and-twenty-eight patients who underwent thoracolumbar revision surgery due to presumed aseptic pseudarthrosis after spinal instrumentation.Outcome MeasuresCulture-positive infections or noninfectious pseudarthrosis.MethodsSamples were routinely taken for microbiological examination from all adults (n=152) who underwent revision surgery for presumed aseptic thoracolumbar pseudarthrosis between 2014 and 2019. A full intraoperative microbiological workup (at least three intraoperative tissue samples) was done for 128 (84%) patients, and these patients were included in further analyses. Patient characteristics, medical history, inflammatory markers, and perioperative data were compared between those with and without microbiologically-confirmed infection based on samples obtained during pseudarthrosis revision.ResultsThe microbiological workup confirmed infection in 13 of 128 cases (10.2%). The predominant pathogen was Cutibacterium acnes (46.2%), followed by coagulase-negative staphylococci (38.5%). The presence of infection was associated with the body mass index (30.9±4.7 kg/m2 [infected] vs. 28.2±5.6 kg/m2 [controls], p=.049), surgery in the thoracolumbar region (46% vs. 18%, p=.019), and a slightly higher serum C-reactive protein level on admission (9.4±8.0 mg/L vs. 5.7±7.1 mg/L, p=.031). Occult infection was not associated with age, sex, prior lumbar surgeries, number of fused lumbar levels, American Society of Anesthesiologist score, Charlson Comorbidity Index, presence of diabetes mellitus, and smoking status.ConclusionsOccult infections were found in 10% of patients undergoing pseudarthrosis revision after spinal fusion, even without preoperative clinical suspicion. Occult infection was associated with higher body mass index, fusions including the thoracolumbar junction, and slightly higher C-reactive protein levels. Intraoperative microbiological samples should be routinely obtained to exclude or identify occult infection in all revision surgeries for symptomatic pseudarthrosis of the spine, as this information can be used to guide postoperative antibiotic treatment. 相似文献