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Background
Gastric variceal bleeding is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and limited endoscopic therapeutic options.Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the short- and long-term efficacy and safety of endoscopic therapy with 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate in patients with gastric variceal bleeding.Methods
A single-center retrospective review of patients receiving endoscopic therapy for gastric variceal hemorrhage. Patient demographics, laboratory, and procedural data were collected. Patients were followed to death, liver transplantation, or last follow-up. Success rates were defined as immediate control of bleeding; early re-bleeding (1–7 days), short-term re-bleeding (1–12 weeks), overall survival, and serious procedure complications.Results
A total of 41 patients (39 with cirrhosis) underwent 54 cyanoacrylate injections during study period. Mean age was 57 and 73 % were males. Twenty-four (58.5 %) patients had failed or were deemed ineligible for transjugular intra-hepatic portosystemic shunt, and 5 % were done for primary prophylaxis. Immediate hemostasis was achieved in five active bleeders. During a median survival time of 117 days, early re-bleeding was seen in 1 (2.4 %), short-term re-bleeding in five patients (12 %), and varices were eradicated in 15 (46.8 %) patients on follow-up. Mean MELD score at the time of the first injection was 17.1 ± 7.8. Mean volume injected was 3.4 cc and median number of varices injected per session was one. Eight patients died during the long-term follow-up: metastatic cancer (2), infections (3), liver failure (1), and re-bleeding (2). There were no serious procedure-related complications.Conclusions
Endoscopic cyanoacrylate therapy appears effective and safe for treatment of patients with bleeding from gastric varices or high-risk stigmata. 相似文献Objective
We report a patient with recurrent shock and transient non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema within a period of two months – every time occurring after cataract surgery and a single oral dose of standard post-operative medication with acetazolamide.Data sources
Records of the intensive care unit, review of the literature.Conclusions
This case demonstrates a rare but severe side effect of acetazolamide. We also present a review of the literature to raise the awareness of health care providers for this special form of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. 相似文献To determine the 1-year and 3-year adherence rates with Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) therapy in patients with schizophrenia compared to matched controls.
MethodsA case–control retrospective analysis was performed in a Veterans Affairs hospital. All symptomatic patients with schizophrenia ever started on PAP therapy between 2007 and 2015 were compared with controls matched for severity of sleep apnea based on AHI, BMI, and age at the time of diagnosis.
ResultsTotal number of subjects in both groups was 39. Mean AHI among cases and controls was 27.63 ± 22.16 and 33.59 ± 44.04 (p = 0.32), mean BMI was 34.91 ± 5.87 and 33.92 ± 5.21 (p = 0.43), and mean age at diagnosis was 53.6 ± 11.75 and 55.97 ± 11.92 (p = 0.36), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in PAP use between patients with schizophrenia and controls at 1-year (percent days device use > 4 h—36.43% ± 31.41 vs. 49.09% ± 38.76; p = 0.17) and 3-year (percent days device use > 4 h—42.43 ± 35.50 vs. 60.53 ± 38.56; p = 0.089) visits
ConclusionsPAP adherence and usage is not significantly different among patients with schizophrenia compared to matched controls. Therefore, schizophrenia does not appear to influence CPAP compliance.
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