Trends in Physical Fitness and Nutritional Status among School-Aged Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Shaanxi,China—A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: This study aimed to explore the characteristics of trends in physical fitness and nutritional status among school-aged students during the COVID-19 pandemic, which could help to develop targeted guidelines and policies for students (adolescents) to promote health during lockdowns resulting from public health emergencies. Methods: The physical fitness and nutritional status were measured from 2019 to 2021; the correlation between years and grade were analyzed. Results: a declining trend was found in aerobic fitness, strength fitness, speed fitness, and BMI during this lockdown. Conclusion: The changes in dietary behavior and the decrease in outdoor physical activities may be the reason for the decline. Furthermore, differences in subjects’ growth and limited space at home must be considered in the formulation of exercise and nutritional plans. According to the results of our study, exercise for aerobic fitness should receive more attention when students are enduring a pandemic lockdown. In addition, saying “no” to high-calorie foods in the form of snacking and ultra-processed food was the key to improving subjects’ nutritional status.     

Excellent Photonic and Mechanical Properties of Macromorphic Fibers Formed by Eu3+-Complex-Anchored,Unzipped, Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

The macromorphic properties of carbon nanotubes perform poorly because of their size limitations: nanosize in diameters and microsize in length. In this work, to realize these dual purposes, we first used an electrochemical method to tear the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to anchor photonic Eu³⁺-complexes there. Through the polar reactive groups endowed by the tearing, the Eu³⁺-complexes coordinate at the defected structures, obtaining the Eu³⁺-complex-anchored, unzipped, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (E-uMWCNTs). The controllable surface-breaking retains the MWCNTs’ original, excellent mechanical properties. Then, to obtain the macromorphic structure with infinitely long fibers, a wet-spinning process was applied via the binding of a small quantity of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Thus, the wet-spun fibers with high contents of E-uMWCNTs (E-uMWCNT-Fs) were produced, in which the E-uMWCNTs took 33.3 wt%, a high ratio in E-uMWCNT-Fs. On the other hand, due to the reinforcing effect of E-uMWCNTs, the highest tensile strength can reach 228.2 MPa for E-uMWCNT-Fs. Meanwhile, the E-uMWCNT-Fs show high-efficiency photoluminescence and excellent media resistance performance due to the embedding effect of PVA on the E-uMWCNTs. Therefore, E-uMWCNT-Fs can exhibit excellent luminescence properties in aqueous solutions at pH 4~12 and in some high-concentration metal-ion solutions. Those distinguished performances promise outstanding innovations of this work.     

胆道闭锁肝纤维化与血清学监测

胆道闭锁（Biliary Artesia,BA）是新生儿阻塞性黄疸最常见的原因之一。其病理特征为胆管的进行性炎症和肝纤维化,发展速度快,涉及肝内外胆管,虽然通过Kasai手术（即肝门空肠吻合术）能够改善肝内外胆道的梗阻。但多数患儿仍发生进行性肝内胆管破坏和肝纤维化。最后发展为肝硬化和门静脉高压。晚期病例肝脏移植将不可避免。BA病人的预后受多种因素的影响,如Kasai手术时的年龄、病变的类型以及肝纤维化程度等。预测BA的预后以及判断肝纤维化程度。对选择肝移植的手术时机有着极其重要的意义。     

The remedial effect of soluble interleukin-1 receptor type Ⅱ on endometriosis in the nude mouse model

Objective： Recent studies have shown that the local expression of soluble interleukin （IL） -1 receptor type Ⅱ （slL-1 R Ⅱ ） in endometrial tissue of women with endometriosis is decreased, and the depression of IL-1 R Ⅱ was more significant in infertile women than that in fertile women with endometriosis. In this research, we investigated the remedial effect of slL-1-R Ⅱ administration on endometriosis in the nude mouse model. Methods： Nineteen nude model mice with endometriosis were randomly divided into three groups： group A was treated by intraperitoneal administration with only slL-1 R Ⅱ for two weeks, group B was similarly treated with only IL- 1, and group C （control） was administered saline. After 2 weeks, the size of the ectopic endometrial lesions was calculated, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and B-cell lymphoma leukemia-2 （Bcl- 2） were detected by immunohistochemistry. The IL-8 and VEGF levels in the peritoneal fluid （PF） and serum were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Results： The mean size of ectopic endometrial lesion did not differ between the three groups （P 〉 0.05）. Compared with the control, the expression of VEGF and Bcl-2 was significantly lower in group A, and higher in group B. In the three groups, the levels of IL-8 in the PF and serum were highest in group A, and lowest in group B. Conclusion： slL-1 R Ⅱ may suppresse hyperplasia of ectopic endometriosis, perhaps by reducing the expression of certain cytokines, such as VEGF, IL-8, and Bcl-2, which could provide a new clinical strategy for the treatment of endometriosis.     

不同浓度利巴韦林对家兔外周血细胞的影响

目的探讨不同浓度利巴韦林对家兔外周血细胞的影响规律。方法将雄性家兔30只随机分为A、B、C、D、E5组，每组6只，分别注入利巴韦林5mg／kg、15mg／kg、25mg／kg、35mg／kg及注射生理盐水2ml，由家兔耳缘静脉缓慢推注，1次／d。7d为1个疗程，共2个疗程。分别在6个时间点观察家兔外周血RBC、Hb、网织红细胞（Ret）、WBC及Plt变化。结果RBC、Hb随着利巴韦林注射浓度增高而降低，而Ret明显上升，注射后第15天除A组外各组与E组比较差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）；WBC除D组轻微降低（P〈0．05）外余各组无明显变化（均P〉0．05）；Plt随着利巴韦林注射浓度升高而明显增多，注射后第15天除A、B组外各组Plt与E组比较差异均有统计意义（均P〈0．05）。RBC、Hb、WBC及Plt在停药第15天后均能逐渐恢复至正常水平。结论利巴韦林可使家兔出现Plt增多和溶血，并随着利巴韦林浓度增高两者变化更为明显.     

融合功能磁共振影像的神经导航在脑皮质运动区肿瘤术中的应用

目的　探讨功能磁共振成像 (fMRI)的血液氧饱和水平检测 (BOLD)技术在脑皮质运动区肿瘤神经导航术中的应用价值。方法　将 5 8例脑肿瘤随机分组为试验组和对照组 ,试验组 30例 ,对照组 2 8例。肿瘤涉及第一运动区 (PMA) 18例 ;运动前区 (PM) 18例 ;第一运动感觉区 (PMSA) 11例 ;第一感觉区 (PSA) 9例 ;辅助运动区 (SMA) 2例。试验组运用手运动激发模式 ,行BOLD成像定位皮质运动区 ,并与MR的导航序列影像融合 ,应用于神经导航 ;对照组采用常规MR影像导航。结果　试验组肿瘤全切率为 86 7% ,对照组为 6 0 7% ,P <0 0 5。试验组术后患侧肢体肌力为 4 3度±1 1度 ,对照组为 2 5度± 1 9度 ,P <0 0 0 1。试验组术后致瘫率为 2 3 3% ,对照组为 71 4 %。试验组远期预后Karnofsky评分 (KPS)为 88± 2 7,对照组为 6 5± 32 ,P <0 0 1。结论　应用融合BOLD影像的神经导航术 ,可实现个体化、实时、精确地定位肿瘤及毗邻的脑皮质运动区 ,提高全切率 ,降低术后致瘫率。     

异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯免疫毒性的实验研究

本文选用小鼠溶血空斑形成试验研究了异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)对Bal/C小鼠脾细胞的作用,选用ANAE染色法观察了IPDI对SD大鼠外周血T细胞的影响,并采用体外培养方法研究了IPDI对人外周血T细胞在PHA刺激下增殖转化的影响。结果表明,IPDI对小鼠脾脏抗体生成细胞的数量和功能均有抑制作用,并呈现出剂量-反应关系;而对细胞免疫反应在大鼠和人均表现为双向作用。     

医联体框架下各省市关于强基层举措的现状分析

目的 国内各省市陆续开展医联体框架的建设来加强基层医疗卫生服务水平.了解不同地区的不同做法,为更好落实分级诊疗制度提出意见建议.方法 运用文献分析法,筛选有关医联体框架下强基层的文献,归纳后采用对比分析法,得出结论.结果 总结得出以病人、核心医院、合作医院与政府四类不同角度下医联体工作推行当中面临的问题.各省市就实际情况也开展了如双向转诊绿色通道、优质医疗资源下沉等强基层的措施.结论 目前全国医联体还处于探索模式,需要因地制宜的制度设计.通过医联体来加强基层医疗服务能力,从而达到基层首诊、双向转诊、上下联动、急慢分治的就医格局.     

运动负荷试验预测高血压的意义及运动触发高血压生化因子的变化

对４０例２２～３５岁血压正常的原发性高血压病患者子女以及２０例无高血压病者子女进行运动负荷试验。结果：前者１４例出现运动触发性高血压（≥３０．０／１２．７ｋＰａ），运动触发高血压者肾素活性、血管紧张素Ａ_２、血浆５－羟色胺浓度运动后均较正常血压者升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）；内源性洋地黄因子静息状态显著升高（Ｐ＜０．００１），而运动后降低；血小板５－羟色胺静息时无显著变化，运动后降低。高血压患者子女运动后心钠素较无高血压者子女升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），其中运动触发高血压者升高的较显著。前列环素、血栓素Ａ_２运动后较运动前升高，但差异无显著意义。