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排序方式: 共有170条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
Esmat Rousta Akihiko Oka Bo Liu Jeremy Herzog Aadra P. Bhatt Jeremy Wang Mohammad B. Habibi Najafi Ryan Balfour Sartor 《Nutrients》2021,13(10)
Commonly used synthetic dietary emulsifiers, including carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polysorbate-80 (P80), promote intestinal inflammation. We compared abilities of CMC vs. P80 to potentiate colitis and impact human microbiota in an inflammatory environment using a novel colitis model of ex-germ-free (GF) IL10−/− mice colonized by pooled fecal transplant from three patients with active inflammatory bowel diseases. After three days, mice received 1% CMC or P80 in drinking water or water alone for four weeks. Inflammation was quantified by serial fecal lipocalin 2 (Lcn-2) and after four weeks by blinded colonic histologic scores and colonic inflammatory cytokine gene expression. Microbiota profiles in cecal contents were determined by shotgun metagenomic sequencing. CMC treatment significantly increased fecal Lcn-2 levels compared to P80 and water treatment by one week and throughout the experiment. Likewise, CMC treatment increased histologic inflammatory scores and colonic inflammatory cytokine gene expression compared with P80 and water controls. The two emulsifiers differentially affected specific intestinal microbiota. CMC did not impact bacterial composition but significantly decreased Caudoviricetes (bacteriophages), while P80 exposure non-significantly increased the abundance of both Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Commonly used dietary emulsifiers have different abilities to induce colitis in humanized mice. CMC promotes more aggressive inflammation without changing bacterial composition. 相似文献
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Abbasi Yusef Shabani Ronak Mousavizadeh Kazem Soleimani Mansoureh Mehdizadeh Mehdi 《Metabolic brain disease》2019,34(3):805-819
Metabolic Brain Disease - Ethanol is known as an effective agent against cerebral lesions after ischemia. Modafinil is a stimulant of the central nervous system (CNS) with antioxidant properties.... 相似文献
114.
Togha M Malamiri RA Rashidi-Ranjbar N Asa S Mahvelati F Ashrafi MR 《Acta neurologica Belgica》2012,112(1):51-55
Migraine headaches are common in children. Early diagnosis and appropriate interventions are mandatory to prevent decades of suffering and diminished quality of life. There is need for data regarding the efficacy and safety of prophylactic agents in children with migraine; therefore, we designed a randomized clinical trial to compare the efficacy and safety of cinnarizine with that of a well-known prophylactic agent (propranolol) in the prophylaxis of pediatric migraine headache. A total of 120 patients aged between 6 and 17?years were recruited and 113 patients succeeded in completing all phases of the trial. Of them, 57 patients were given cinnarizine, and propranolol was administered in 56 patients. Reduction in headache frequency was the main response to treatment. Cinnarizine reduced the baseline headache frequency by more than 50% in 74.6% of patients and the mean headache frequency per month was reduced from 11.851?±?0.739 (mean?±?SEM) to 3.358?±?0.739 (mean?±?SEM) attacks per month (P?0.001). In the propranolol group, more than 50% reduction of the baseline headache frequency was seen in 72.5% of patients and the mean headache frequency per month was reduced from 10.264?±?0.830 (mean?±?SEM) to 2.774?±?0.830 (mean?±?SEM) attacks per month (P?0.001). No significant difference was seen in 50% reduction of the baseline headache frequency between treatment groups (P?=?0.358). No significant adverse effects were reported. In this open study, cinnarizine appeared thus as effective as propranolol and safe for the prophylaxis of migraine in children, but this remains to be confirmed in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. 相似文献
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During pregnancy, healthy women develop ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction as a result of volume overload as well as increased stretch and force demand. Pregnancy also induces electrocardiogram disturbances such as longer QT-interval dispersion. Surprisingly, it was not until recently that the underlying molecular mechanisms or the role of sex hormones was addressed in this critical female reproductive stage. Recent work with the use of mouse and rat models show that the molecular signature of pregnancy-related hypertrophy differs from that of a pathologic form in that classic gene markers (e.g., myosin heavy chains [alpha and beta], atrial natriuretic peptide, phospholamban, and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase) remain unchanged. However, both types of hypertrophies have the commonality of a reduced expression of the Kv4.3 channel, a membrane protein that can prevent cardiac hypertrophy when overexpressed. Increased estrogen in late pregnancy may be a mechanism to induce Kv4.3 protein downregulation and increased activity of the stretch-activated c-Src kinase. Cellular/molecular mechanisms used to make a pregnant woman's heart work more efficiently and recover to normal cardiac function postpartum are beginning to emerge as cardioprotective natriuretic peptides- and NO-cGMP cascades get upregulated postpartum. This exciting initial work calls for more research in this underexplored area that should set the basis for better treatment of women during pregnancy. 相似文献
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Siavosh Nasseri-Moghaddam Hadi Razjouyan Seyed Maysam Alimohamadi Mansoureh Mamarabadi Mohamad-Hamed Ghotbi Pardis Mostajabi Amir-Ali Sohrabpour Masoud Sotoudeh Behnoush Abedi Azadeh Mofid Mehdi Nouraie Shahnaz Tofangchiha Reza Malekzadeh 《BMC gastroenterology》2007,7(1):1-9
Background
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a common and chronic disorder but long term, prospective studies of the fate of patients seeking medical advice are scarce. This is especially prominent when looking at non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) patients.Methods
We designed a prospective cohort to assess the long term outcome of GERD patients referring to gastroenterologists. Consecutive consenting patients, 15 years of age and older, presenting with symptoms suggestive of GERD referring to our outpatient clinics undergo a 30 minute interview. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is performed for them with protocol biopsies and blood samples are drawn. Patients are then treated according to a set protocol and followed regularly either in person or by telephone for at least 10 years.Discussion
Our data show that such a study is feasible and follow-ups, which are the main concern, can be done in a fairly reliable way to collect data. The results of this study will help to clarify the course of various subgroups of GERD patients after coming to medical attention and their response to treatment considering different variables. In addition, the basic symptoms and biological database will fuel further molecular epidemiologic studies. 相似文献120.
Neda Parinejad Sepideh Keshavarzi Mansoureh Movahedin Mohsin Raza 《Epilepsy research》2009,86(1):54-65
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most resistant type of epilepsy. Currently available drugs for epilepsy are not antiepileptogenic. A novel treatment for epilepsy would be to block or reverse the process of epileptogenesis. We used intermittent feeding (IF) regimen of the dietary restriction (DR) to study its effect on epileptogenesis and neuroprotection in the pilocarpine model of TLE in rats. The effect of IF regimen on the induction of status epilepticus (SE), the duration of latent period, and the frequency, duration, severity and the time of occurrence of Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures (SRS) were investigated. We also studied the effect of IF regimen on hippocampal neurons against the excitotoxic damage of prolonged SE (about 4 h) induced by pilocarpine. The animals (Wistar, male, 200–250 g) were divided into four main groups: AL–AL (ad libitum diet throughout), AL–IF (PfS) [IF post-first seizure], AL–IF (PSE) [IF post-SE] and IF–IF (IF diet throughout), and two AL and IF control groups. SE was induced by pilocarpine (350 mg/kg, i.p.) and with diazepam (6 mg/kg, i.p.) injected after 3 h, the behavioral signs of SE terminated at about 4 h (AL animals, n = 29, 260.43 ± 8.74 min; IF animals, n = 19, 224.32 ± 20.73 min). Behavioral monitoring was carried out by 24 h video recording for 3 weeks after the first SRS. Rat brains were then prepared for histological study with Nissl stain and cell counting was done in CA1, CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. The results show that the animals on IF diet had significantly less SE induction and significantly longer duration of latent period (the period of epileptogenesis) was seen in IF–IF group compared to the AL–AL group. The severity of SRS was significantly more in AL–IF (PfS) compared to the AL–IF (PSE) group. These results indicate that IF diet can make rats resistant to the induction of SE and can prolong the process of epileptogenesis. The results of the histological study show that the number of pyramidal neurons was statistically less in CA1, CA2 and CA3 of the hippocampus in the experimental groups compared to the control groups. However, IF regimen could not protect the hippocampal neurons against the excitotoxic injury caused by a prolonged SE. We conclude that IF regimen can significantly influence various behavioral characteristics of pilocarpine model of TLE. Further studies can elaborate the exact mechanisms as well as its possible role in the treatment of human TLE. 相似文献