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51.
S B Elhassani L Amin-Zaki M A Majeed T W Clarkson R A Doherty M R Greenwood R W Kilpper 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part C: Environmental health sciences》1978,13(1):63-80
Three children, ages 6 months, 13 months and 10 years were treated by exchange transfusions following exposure to methylmercury in the Iraq outbreak in 1971-72. Two had severe signs of poisoning and the other was clinically normal but had a high blood mercury concentration. Exchange transfusion resulted in clearance of mercury not only from blood but also from other tissues. The average amount of mercury removed in a two hour exchange was estimated as 6% of the body burden as compared to 1% of the body burden removed by normal excretion processes in 24 hours. No dramatic improvement in the clinical condition of the two poisoned patients occurred. Some improvement in motor power and function was observed during follow-up visits to their houses. 相似文献
52.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to estimate the annual rate of diagnosis of new cases of diabetes mellitus in England and Wales, and the number of new cases in each year. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study. METHOD: Analysis of electronic patient records from the General Practice Research Database, using 208 general practices with a total list size of 1.3 million patients. RESULTS: We estimate that the national rate of diagnosis of new cases of diabetes in England and Wales was 17.5 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 16.6--18.4] per 10,000 person-years in 1994 and 22.1 (95%CI 21.2--23.0) per 10,000 person-years in 1998. We estimate that there were 87,642 new cases of diabetes mellitus in England and Wales in 1994 and 111,345 in 1998. CONCLUSIONS: We estimate that the rate at which new cases of diabetes were diagnosed rose by about 26% in England and Wales from 1994 to 1998. This conclusion was unchanged when we took account of the ageing of the national populations between the beginning and end of the study period. We estimate that the number of new cases of diabetes diagnosed each year in England and Wales also increased by one-quarter over the same period. If the number of cases and the rate at which they are diagnosed continues to increase, this will need to be considered by those planning services for people with diabetes. 相似文献
53.
Ahmad A Qahar J Siddiq A Majeed A Rasheed J Jabar F von Knorring AL 《Child: care, health and development》2005,31(2):203-215
BACKGROUND: This paper aims to compare orphans' development in two different care systems. METHODS: Based on age, sex, psychological trauma scores, competence and psychological problem scores, two comparable samples were found representing orphans in the traditional foster care (n = 94) and the orphanages (n = 48) in a middle-large city in Iraqi Kurdistan. At an index interview, Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), Harvard-Uppsala Trauma Questionnaire for Children and Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms for Children (PTSS-C) were administered to the caregivers. After 1 year the CBCL, and after 2 years both the CBCL and the PTSS-C, were-re-administered, consecutively. RESULTS: Although both samples revealed significant decrease in the means of total competence and problem scores over time, the improvement in activity scale, externalizing problem scores and post-traumatic stress disorder-related symptoms proved to be more significant in the foster care than in the orphanages. While the activity scale improved in the foster care, the school competence deteriorated in both samples, particularly among the girls in the orphanages. The improvement of boys' activity scores in the foster care, and deterioration of girls' school competence in the orphanages were the most significant gender differences between samples over time. CONCLUSIONS: Even if the two orphan care systems showed more similarities than differences, the foster care revealed better outcomes over time. The results are discussed in relation to gender, age, socio-economic situation, cultural values and the characteristics of each care system. 相似文献
54.
55.
Hafeez S Majeed I 《Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP》2004,14(1):48-49
Snakebite cases may have myriad presentations. we are describing a previously healthy young man presenting within half an hour of snakebite who experienced abrupt fatal cardiac rhythm changes ranging from bradycardia to ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation over a short span of time. 相似文献
56.
Background
There are multiple studies in different countries regarding the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. These studies showed high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Asian countries. This study tries to elucidate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its influencing factors in population of Tehran.Methods
1210 subjects 20–64 years old were randomly selected. 25 (OH) D serum levels were measured. Duration of exposure to sunlight, the type of clothing and level of calcium intake and BMI were quantified based on a questionnaire.Results
A high percentage of vitamin D deficiency was defined in the study population. Prevalence of severe, moderate and mild Vitamin D deficiency was 9.5%, 57.6% and 14.2% respectively. Vitamin D serum levels had no significant statistical relation with the duration of exposure to sunlight, kind of clothing and BMI. Calcium intake in the normal vitamin D group was significantly higher than the other groups (714.67 ± 330.8 mg/day vs 503.39 ± 303.1, 577.93 ± 304.9,595.84 ± 313.6). Vitamin D serum levels in young and middle aged females were significantly lower than the older group.Conclusions
Vitamin D deficiency has a high prevalence in Tehran. In order to avoid complications of vitamin D deficiency, supplemental dietary intake seems essential. 相似文献57.
Ashworth M Lea R Gray H Rowlands G Gravelle H Majeed A 《Journal of public health (Oxford, England)》2004,26(1):48-51
METHODS: Primary care organizations (PCOs) in England are required to run a prescribing incentive scheme. The average payment received by general practitioners (GPs) under these schemes is not known. We conducted a longitudinal (2 year) questionnaire study of all PCOs in London and the south east of England aiming to explore the relationship between the financial incentives, the selection of prescribing indicators and success at remaining within budget. In the second year, the average reward per GP amounted to 1220 pounds (range 470 pounds-4330 pounds). Underspent PCOs made larger incentive scheme payments to their practices as did PCOs that had successfully overturned a first year overspend into a second year underspend. The size of rewards was unrelated to the selection of any particular cost- or quality-based prescribing indicator. We conclude that larger prescribing incentive scheme payments may have contributed to prescribing cost control but their effect on prescribing quality is uncertain. 相似文献
58.
Gallstones--an increasing problem: a study of hospital admissions in England between 1989/1990 and 1999/2000 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Kang JY Ellis C Majeed A Hoare J Tinto A Williamson RC Tibbs CJ Maxwell JD 《Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics》2003,17(4):561-569
BACKGROUND: The number of operations for cholelithiasis increased from the 1950s to the 1990s. AIMS: To determine the time trends in cholelithiasis for hospital admissions, operations and in-hospital case fatalities in England between 1989/1990 and 1999/2000, and population mortality rates between 1979 and 1999. METHODS: Hospital Episode Statistics for admissions were obtained from the Department of Health and mortality data were obtained from the Office for National Statistics. RESULTS: Between 1989/1990 and 1999/2000, age-standardized hospital admission rates for cholelithiasis increased by 30% for males and 64% for females. The proportions of admissions undergoing an operation declined progressively over the study period. In 1999/2000, the frequency of operation was approximately 50-60% for most age groups, but decreased progressively with advancing age at > or = 65 years. The proportions of admissions undergoing therapeutic endoscopy increased several-fold, especially amongst older individuals. Case fatality rates declined. Mortality rates declined from 1979 to 1988, but showed no further change from 1989 to 1999. CONCLUSIONS: There has been a steady increase in admission rates for cholelithiasis over the study period. Whilst the frequency of operation has declined, the proportion of patients undergoing therapeutic endoscopy has increased. 相似文献
59.
Kang JY Hoare J Majeed A Williamson RC Maxwell JD 《The British journal of surgery》2003,90(12):1586-1592
BACKGROUND: The incidence of acute appendicitis declined in western countries between the 1930s and the early 1990s. The aim of this study was to determine time trends in hospital admissions for acute appendicitis in England between 1989-1990 and 1999-2000, and in population mortality rates for appendicitis from 1979 to 1999. METHODS:: Hospital Episode Statistics for admissions were obtained from the Department of Health and mortality data from the Office for National Statistics. RESULTS: Between 1989-1990 and 1999-2000, age-standardized hospital admission rates for acute appendicitis decreased by 12.5 per cent in male patients and by 18.8 per cent in female patients. The proportions of admissions that resulted in operation remained stable. Admission rates for non-specific mesenteric lymphadenitis fell. Admission rates for abdominal pain increased between 1989-1990 and 1995-1996, at which time the International Classification of Diseases codes changed. Between 1995-1996 and 1999-2000, admission rates for abdominal pain declined. Analysis of age-specific admission rates for acute appendicitis and abdominal pain from 1989-1990 to 1995-1996 showed that the decline in acute appendicitis could not be accounted for by a change in diagnostic practice. Mortality rates for acute appendicitis remained stable over the study period. CONCLUSION: Admission rates for acute appendicitis declined over the study period. This decline cannot be explained by reclassification. 相似文献
60.
NM?JomhaEmail author PC?Anoop Janet?AW?Elliott K?Bagnall LE?McGann 《BMC musculoskeletal disorders》2003,4(1):5