基层卫生单位常见创伤超声快速诊断技术的人才培训研究

目的探讨在基层卫生单位进行常见创伤超声快速诊断技术教学培训的可行性和有效性。 方法培训对象来自基层卫生单位的89名学员,其中超声医学零基础学员81名,占91.0%;理论授课老师为副高级以上超声专家,技能培训老师为熟练掌握超声快速诊断技术的超声医师;培训周期为4ｄ（32学时）;培训内容为基层卫生单位的常见急症和外伤超声快速诊断技能的理论授课和实际操作手把手教学。培训后全部学员参加理论知识笔试（百分制）和技能实际操作考核,并分析考核结果。 结果89名学员对培训的参与度为100%。培训后,81名超声零基础的学员理论平均成绩（93.7±5.0）分,8名有超声基础的学员理论平均成绩（95.5±3.0）分,二者比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,表明通过培训,即使是超声零基础的学员,对创伤超声快速诊断理论知识的掌握与有超声基础者无差别。技能实际操作成绩,81名零基础的学员中,优秀率76.5%（62名/81名）、良好率23.5%（19名/81名）,8名有超声基础的学员中,优秀率75.0%（6名/8名）、良好率25.0%（2名/8名）二者比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论通过培训,基层卫生单位的受训者能够迅速掌握常见创伤的超声快速诊断技术的理论知识,掌握实际操作技能。     

Theoretical and Experimental Research of Hydrogen Solid Solution in Mg and Mg-Al System

The study of hydrogen storage properties of Mg-based thin films is of interest due to their unique composition, interface, crystallinity, and high potential for use in hydrogen-storage systems. Alloying Mg with Al leads to the destabilization of the magnesium hydride reducing the heat of reaction, increases the nucleation rate, and decreases the dehydriding temperature. The purpose of our study is to reveal the role of the aluminum atom addition in hydrogen adsorption and accumulation in the Mg-H solid solution. Ab initio calculations of aluminum and hydrogen binding energies in magnesium were carried out in the framework of density functional theory. Hydrogen distribution and accumulation in Mg and Mg-10%Al thin films were experimentally studied by the method of glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy and using a hydrogen analyzer, respectively. It was found that a hydrogen distribution gradient is observed in the Mg-10%Al coating, with more hydrogen on the surface and less in the bulk. Moreover, the hydrogen concentration in the Mg-10%Al is lower compared to Mg. This can be explained by the lower hydrogen binding energy in the magnesium-aluminum system compared with pure magnesium.     

大学生独立倾向与独立能力的问卷编制与应用

编制并初步应用大学生独立倾向与独立能力问卷.访谈29名大学生,编制初测问卷;以150份样本进行预测验;采用625份样本进行问卷信效度检验,形成最终问卷;以493份样本进行问卷初步应用.结果显示:①独立倾向分为自主性和掌控感2个维度共6个项目;独立能力分为领导能力、自律能力、规划能力3个维度共12个项目.独立倾向与独立能...     

儿童共同性内斜视手术结果探讨

目的 探讨儿童共同性内斜视手术治疗的时机及疗效.方法 62例儿童共同性内斜视患儿,年龄3～14岁,术前正规散瞳验光,均为远视性屈光不正.在戴全矫眼镜6个月后,按残留斜视度及AC/A的高低设计手术量.结果 Ⅰ级治愈54例,占87.10%,Ⅱ级良好7例,占11.29%,Ⅲ级差1例,占1.61%.建立双眼单视功能者45例,占72.58%.结论 儿童共同性内斜视应尽早手术,根据斜视度及AC/A的高低设计手术量,效果令人满意,对促进双眼单视功能的正常发育,巩固疗效以及弱视治愈也具有一定的临床价值.     

Influence of ambulatory blood pressure-related indicators within 24 h on in-hospital death in sepsis patients

Background: Sepsis is a serious public health problem worldwide. Blood pressure is one of the indicators that is closely monitored in intensive-care units, and it reflects complex interactions between the internal cardiovascular control mechanism and the external environment. We aimed to determine the impact of indicators related to the ambulatory blood pressure on the prognosis of sepsis patients.Methods: This retrospective study was based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. Relevant information about sepsis patients was extracted according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Examined parameters included the average blood pressure, blood pressure variability (BPV), and circadian rhythm, and the study outcome was in-hospital death. We investigated the effects of these indicators on the risk of in-hospital death among sepsis patients using Cox proportional-hazards models, restricted cubic splines analysis, and subgroup analysis.Results: This study enrolled 10,316 sepsis patients, among whom 2,117 died during hospitalization. All parameters except the nighttime variation coefficient of the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were associated with in-hospital death of sepsis patients. All parameters except for fluctuations in DBP exhibited nonlinear correlations with the outcome. The subgroup analysis revealed that some of the examined parameters were associated with in-hospital death only in certain subgroups.Conclusion: Indicators related to the ambulatory blood pressure within 24 h are related to the prognosis of sepsis patients. When treating sepsis, in addition to blood pressure, attention should also be paid to BPV and the circadian rhythm in order to improve the prognosis and the survival rate.     

婚姻状况与癌症的关联研究进展

近30年来,全球癌症负担持续上升,且人口呈现出老龄化、少子化、结婚率下降及离婚率上升的趋势。婚姻是最亲密和长期的社会关系之一,既往研究零散报告了其对癌症发病和死亡的影响,缺乏基于人群高质量流行病学关联研究证据的系统梳理。本文对既往婚姻状况与癌症的关联研究进行综述,以期为未来相关研究以及癌症防控提供新思路。     

High house dust mite serum-specific immunoglobulin E indicates a high 5-year rhinitis-asthma conversion rate: a cross-sectional study

<正>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a costly and highly prevalent chronic disease now.[1] More seriously, many patients with AR also have allergic asthma (AA). The presence of AR is a risk factor for the develo     

口腔科门诊应对新型冠状病毒感染防疫探讨

目前新型冠状病毒感染疫情在全国蔓延,疫情防控成为医院工作的重点。口腔科门诊患者人流量大、口腔疾患多、口腔内病菌种类复杂、诊疗过程中患者无法戴口罩、医务人员的手和器械需要接触患者的唾液、血液、病菌等,特别是在相对封闭的环境中长时间暴露于高浓度气溶胶情况下存在经气溶胶传播的可能。本院口腔科门诊通过开诊前准备、就诊期间应急管理、消毒隔离管理等方面细化防疫措施,成果显著,有效保障医患安全。     

多组学在慢性病病因学研究中的应用及其进展

慢性病流行病学的主要目的之一是探索疾病病因。多组学通常包括在脱氧核糖核酸复制、转录、翻译、翻译后修饰的过程中,产生的全部基因（基因组学）、基因表达的广泛变化（表观遗传组学）、核糖核酸（转录组学）和蛋白质（蛋白质组学）,以及下游的小分子代谢产物（代谢组学）。多组学检测技术为包括基因组、转录组、蛋白质组在内的组学测定提供技...     

临床药师参与耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌骨髓炎伴肾功能亢进患儿的治疗实践

目的:探讨临床药师在儿童耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)骨髓炎个体化抗感染治疗中的作用.方法:临床药师通过会诊1例万古霉素治疗儿童急性骨髓炎失败的病例,根据患者临床情况及相关检查结果,并结合国内外文献,从PK/PD角度对万古霉素治疗失败的原因进行分析,提出万古霉素治疗失败后替代治疗方案.结果:临床药师提出的治疗方案...