三维适形放疗结合252锎中子腔内后装照射治疗中晚期食管癌的临床研究

目的：探讨三维适形放疗结合锎（252Cf）中子腔内后装照射治疗中晚期食管癌的疗效、不良反应及晚期并发症。方法：92例中晚期食管癌患者全部采用三维适形放疗结合锎（252Cf）中子腔内后装照射治疗。三维适形放疗总剂量为45Gy-54Gy,分25-30次,5-6周完成;腔内照射3-4Gy/次,1次/周,共2-4次,总吸收剂量10Gy-16Gy。结果：治疗结束3个月进食梗阻缓解率为95%。近期疗效：完全缓解（CR）27%,部分缓解（PR）69.6%。1、2、3年局部控制率分别为82%、51%、32%;1、2、3年生存率分别为：78%、35%、18%;急性放射性食管炎发生率为54%;晚期食管狭窄发生率9%;食管穿孔发生率2%。结论：中晚期食管癌采用三维适形放疗结合锎（252Cf）中子腔内后装照射能够迅速而持久地缓解进食梗阻症状,提高局部控制率及生活质量,近期疗效显著,放疗不良反应未见明显增加。     

广西鼠疫指示动物犬血清IHA、ELISA检测鼠疫F1抗体的一致性研究

目的 了解应用IHA、ELISA检测鼠疫F1抗体的一致性,评价方法的优劣,以便更好地制订鼠疫监测的方法及防治策略.方法 对广西鼠疫监测点隆林、西林县的犬血清使用IHA及ELISA两种试验方法,并进行一致性研究,评价IHA与ELISA方法的可靠性.结果 IHA检测鼠疫F1抗体阳性率为0,ELISA检测鼠疫F1抗体的总阳性率为4.4%(12/273);IHA与ELISA之间的一致性为95.6%,其Kappa值等于0,呈轻度一致.结论 间接血凝试验方法特异、操作简便是传统的鼠疫监测手段之一;酶联免疫吸附试验具有敏感性高、特异性强、操作简便等特点,且与间接血凝试验有轻度一致性,适宜在鼠疫监测中推广应用.     

Laparoscopic treatment of ovarian cysts in adolescents and young adults

Study Objective

To investigate the laparoscopic management of ovarian cysts in adolescents and young adults.

Design

A retrospective chart review study.

Setting

Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Research and Education Hospital.

Participants

A total of 282 females aged 25 years or younger underwent laparoscopic surgery for a presumed benign ovarian cyst. Patients were grouped as adolescents (ages 12–19, n = 79) or young adults (ages 20–25, n = 203).

Main Outcome Measures

Surgical approach, operative findings and the correlation of intraoperative diagnosis with the definitive pathological reports.

Results

The mean age of the patients was 21.2 years. At laparoscopic surgery, 89 patients (31.6%) had endometriomas, 47 (16.7%) had dermoid cysts, and 37 (13.1%) had paraovarian cysts. Ninety-seven patients (34.4%) had simple ovarian cysts. Pathological reports revealed that young adults were more likely to have endometriomas (34.0% vs 7.6%, P < 0.01), but dermoid cysts and simple ovarian cysts were more frequent (20.3% vs 15.3%, P < 0.01 and 60.7% vs 40.9%, P < 0.01, respectively).in adolescents. Eleven of the cases (3.9%) were found to have mucinous cystadenomas and fourteen (5.0%) to have serous cystadenomas. Four cysts were malignant (1.4%). Cystectomy was performed in 205 cases (72.7%), fenestration of cyst wall was performed in 53 cases (18.8%), and aspiration was applied in 22 cases (7.8%). The types of operation were not significantly different among adolescents and young adults (P > 0.05). The operative diagnosis was highly correlated with the final pathological reports (kappa value= 0.901, P < 0.001). There were no operative and postoperative complications in our series.

Conclusion

With a careful preoperative screening, the laparoscopic surgery of ovarian cyst is an efficient and safe treatment for adolescents and young adults.     

The treatment of acute liver failure with fractionated plasma separation and adsorption system: Experience in 85 applications

Introduction: Artificial liver support systems represent a potential useful option for the treatment of liver failure. The outcomes of patients treated with the fractionated plasma separation and adsorption (FPSA) system are presented. Patients and methods: FPSA was performed 85 times for 27 patients (median 3 treatments/patient) with liver failure [85.2% acute liver failure (ALF) and 14.8% acute‐on‐chronic liver failure] using the Prometheus 4008H (Fresenius Medical Care) unit. Citrate was used for anticoagulation. A variety of clinical and biochemical parameters were assessed. Comparisons between pretreatment and post‐treatment data were performed using paired t‐test. Results: The 85 sessions had a mean duration of 6 h. There were significant decreases in total bilirubin (13.18 ± 9.46 mg/dL vs. 9.76 ± 7.05 mg/dL; P < 0.0001), ammonia (167.6 ± 75 mg/dL vs. 120 ± 43.8 mg/dL; P < 0.0001), blood urea nitrogen (BUN; 12.55 ± 13.03 mg/dL vs. 8.18 ± 8.15 mg/dL; P < 0.0001), creatinine (0.54 ± 0.47 mg/dL vs. 0.46 ± 0.37 mg/dL; P = 0.0022) levels, and in pH (7.48 ± 0.05 vs. 7.44 ± 0.08; P = 0.0045). Four patients (14.8%) received liver transplantation after the treatments; in nine patients, transplantation was not necessary anymore (33%); the remaining 14 patients did not receive a transplantation because they were either not appropriate candidates or no organ was available. Overall survival was 48.1% (4 transplanted and 9 treated patients). No hematological complications related to FPSA were observed. Conclusions: FPSA system is a safe and effective detoxification method for patients with liver dysfunction, including ALF. The system is useful as a symptomatic treatment before liver transplantation; in up to 1/3 of the cases, it can even be used as a sole method of treatment. J. Clin. Apheresis 25:195–201, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Agenesis of the corpus callosum: magnetic resonance imaging

Three patients who had complete agenesis and two patients who had partial agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. In addition to excellent visualization of the indirect signs of ACC, direct vivid display (short T1) of the corpus callosum on sagittal images allowed better evaluation of subtle abnormalities than has been possible with other modalities. Associated abnormalities were also well-displayed. MR is the initial procedure of choice in evaluation of the corpus callosum.     

胃重复畸形并胃胰腺损伤1例

1临床资料患儿,女性,4岁。因间断性腹痛1月加重伴黑便15d,呕吐2d入院。患儿病前无明确外伤史,其母于入院前15d发现左膝部有损伤痕,已愈合,行腹部B超检查,提示肝胆肾正常,胰大小正常,边界清,实质回声均匀,主胰管不扩张,肝前区肝肾夹角及脾肾夹角可见53mm的液性暗区,内见肠管蠕动     

基于“同气相求”理论的激痛点疗法治疗顽固性偏头痛15例

笔者基于同气相求理论,遵循经络辨证,以求同气、通经络为治则,针刺患侧或双侧手足少阳经远端激痛点及井穴,同时按揉近端激痛点,治疗顽固性偏头痛15例,现报道如下。1临床资料15例患者均为2018年1月至2018年6月包头医学院第二附属医院针灸科门诊就诊的顽固性偏头痛患者,其中男6例,女9例;单侧头痛9例,双侧6例;年龄15~65岁,平均46岁;病程0.5~15年,平均2年。均表现为单侧或双侧颞部反复发作的搏动性疼痛,伴失眠、健忘,痛甚者恶心,行头颅CT或MRI检查未见异常。