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C Caruso G Di Lorenzo M A Modica G Candore M R Portelli G Crescimanno A Ingrassia G B Sangiorgi A Salerno 《Mechanisms of ageing and development》1991,59(1-2):27-35
The evidence from several studies indicates that as individuals age, they may display immune dysfunctions, mostly T cell dysfunctions. Recently, a soluble form of the receptor for interleukin-2 (IL-2) (sIL-2R) has been demonstrated in human sera and in vitro stimulated culture supernatants from human T lymphocytes. In the present paper, we report in vitro sIL-2R production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in elderly subjects. The results show that no difference exists for unstimulated cultures, whereas after mitogen stimulation the elderly subjects showed the lowest values compared with young ones. These findings suggest that sIL-2R may provide a new tool for the study of T lymphocyte dysfunctions in old age. 相似文献
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D P Elliott K W Burke A G Lorenzo J A Hess 《American journal of hospital pharmacy》1992,49(12):2935-2938
An interactive course in drug information skills developed for pharmacists at a not-for-profit, tertiary-care hospital is described. Faculty members from the area school of pharmacy developed, taught, and evaluated the program. Before the course was developed, pharmacy staff members were asked to rate their drug information skills; the pharmacists' responses indicated their belief that they were not proficient enough in the skills needed in daily practice. The course content and format were refined after 11 pharmacists completed a pilot program. A handbook was developed that contained objectives, session outlines, and literature for each of the six topics chosen for the course. Although the handbook was the primary teaching aid, wall charts and computer demonstrations were also used. Sessions were structured for the needs of adult students by using a small-group discussion format that emphasized the practical relevance of the information and encouraged participants to share personal experiences. Each session was offered on two separate days to facilitate attendance. Those who completed the course received credit for 12 contact hours of continuing education. Of 16 pharmacists enrolled in the course, 11 completed it. An interactive course in drug information skills, developed to meet the needs of hospital pharmacists, was well accepted because it incorporated personal experiences, small-group activities, and flexible scheduling. 相似文献
17.
Javier R Caso María A Moro Pedro Lorenzo Ignacio Lizasoain Juan C Leza 《European neuropsychopharmacology》2007,17(9):600-607
Stress is known to be one of the risk factors of stroke. Most of the knowledge on the effects of stress on cerebrovascular disease in humans is restricted to catecholamines and glucocorticoids effects on blood pressure and/or development of atherosclerosis. However, few experimental studies have examined the possible mechanisms by which stress may affect stroke outcome. We have used an acute stress protocol consisting of the exposure of male Fischer rats to an acute, single exposure immobilisation protocol (6 h) prior to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and we have found that stress worsens behavioural and neurological outcomes and increased infarct size after MCAO. The possible regulatory role of the TNFalpha and IL-1beta was studied by looking at the release of these cytokines in brain. The results of the present study showed an increase in IL-1beta release in cerebral cortex after exposure to acute stress. Brain levels of IL-1beta are also higher in previously stressed MCAO rats than in MCAO animals without stress. Pharmacological blockade of IL-1beta with an antibody anti-IL-1beta led to a decrease in the infarct size as well as in neurological and behavioural deficits after MCAO. In summary, our results indicate that IL-1beta, but not TNFalpha, accounts at least partly for the worsening of MCAO consequences in brain of rats exposed to acute stress. 相似文献
18.
The surgical specialty of critical care has evolved into a field where the surgeon manages complex medical and surgical problems in critically ill patients. As a specialty, surgical critical care began when acutely ill surgical patients were placed in a designated area within a hospital to facilitate the delivery of medical care. As technology evolved to allow for development of increasingly intricate and sophisticated adjuncts to care, there has been recognition of the importance of physician availability and continuity of care as key factors in improving patient outcomes. Guidelines and protocols have been established to ensure quality improvement and are essential to licensing by state and national agencies. The modern ICU team provides continuous daily care to the patient in close communication with the primary operating physician. While the ultimate responsibility befalls the primary physician who performed the preoperative evaluation and operative procedure, the intensivist is expected to establish and enforce protocols, guidelines and patient care pathways for the critical care unit. It is difficult to imagine modern surgical ICU care without the surgical critical care specialist at the helm. 相似文献
19.
Timothy M. Pawlik Ana Luiza Gleisner Luca Vigano David A. Kooby Todd W. Bauer Andrea Frilling Reid B. Adams Charles A. Staley Eduardo N. Trindade Richard D. Schulick Michael A. Choti Lorenzo Capussotti 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2007,11(11):1478-1487
Re-resection for gallbladder carcinoma incidentally discovered after cholecystectomy is routinely advocated. However, the
incidence of finding additional disease at the time of re-resection remains poorly defined. Between 1984 and 2006, 115 patients
underwent re-resection at six major hepatobiliary centers for gallbladder carcinoma incidentally discovered during cholecystectomy.
Data on clinicopathologic factors, operative details, TNM tumor stage, and outcome were collected and analyzed. Data on the
incidence and location of residual/additional carcinoma discovered at the time of re-resection were also recorded. On pathologic
analysis, T stage was T1 7.8%, T2 67.0%, and T3 25.2%. The median time from cholecystectomy to re-resection was 52 days. At
the time of re-resection, hepatic surgery most often consisted of formal segmentectomy (64.9%). Patients underwent lymphadenectomy
(LND) (50.5%) or LND + common bile duct resection (43.3%). The median number of lymph nodes harvested was 3 and did not differ
between LND alone (n = 3) vs LND + common duct resection (n = 3) (P = 0.35). Pathology from the re-resection specimen noted residual/additional disease in 46.4% of patients. Of those patients
staged as T1, T2, or T3, 0, 10.4, and 36.4%, respectively, had residual disease within the liver (P = 0.01). T stage was also associated with the risk of metastasis to locoregional lymph nodes (lymph node metastasis: T1 12.5%;
T2 31.3%, T3 45.5%; P = 0.04). Cystic duct margin status predicted residual disease in the common bile duct (negative cystic duct, 4.3% vs positive
cystic duct, 42.1%) (P = 0.01). Aggressive re-resection for incidental gallbladder carcinoma is warranted as the majority of patients have residual
disease. Although common duct resection does not yield a greater lymph node count, it should be performed at the time of re-resection
for patients with positive cystic duct margins because over one-third will have residual disease in the common bile duct.
Presented at the 48th Annual Meeting of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract at Digestive Week 2007, Plenary Session,
Washington, DC, March 23, 2007. 相似文献
20.
Kuntal Patel Deemesh Oudit G Ross Caroline Nicolson AJ Howcroft 《CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY》2005,13(4):207-208
A lump on the midface of a child can pose as a diagnostic dilemma. There is a wide variety of possible differential diagnoses, ranging from simple benign conditions such as a sebaceous cyst, dermoid cyst, lipoma, neuroma and neurofibroma, to potentially devastating conditions such as odontogenic myxoma.A case of a child in which the formulation of a definite diagnosis was clinically and histologically challenging is presented. 相似文献