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小脑延髓池的显微外科解剖研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的研究小脑延髓池的显微外科解剖特征,探讨其临床意义.方法选择经10%福尔马林固定成人头颈标本15例,显微镜下(5~25倍)模拟枕下极外侧入路、颈-乳突入路和耳前颞下窝入路的手术操作,分别自后、侧和前方显露小脑延髓池内结构,详细观测其神经血管结构的形态特征.结果小脑延髓池位于延髓外侧,上至桥延沟,下达枕骨大孔,侧方沿枕骨形成蛛网膜袖套进入颈静脉孔和舌下神经管.舌咽神经、迷走神经和副神经的根丝自上而下起自橄榄体背侧、延髓和脊髓的后外侧沟,根丝逐级汇合后分别进入舌咽神经道和迷走神经道.椎动脉于小脑延髓池的下端入颅后经该池行向前上内进入延髓前池.小脑下后动脉(PICA)可分为延髓前段、延髓侧段、扁桃体延髓段、脉络膜扁桃体段和皮质段.主要的静脉有小脑延髓裂内静脉、延髓静脉、小脑岩面下组静脉和岩下桥静脉.结论小脑绒球和Luschka孔脉络丛复合体及颈静脉孔硬膜返折可作为辨认舌咽神经脑池段的解剖标志,深刻认识小脑延髓池的蛛网膜界限对手术处理累及小脑延髓池的不同性质病变,保护重要神经功能意义重大. 相似文献
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Visual Basic作为一门可视化的高级编程语言,已经在各高等院校作为计算机基础教育的一门主干课程,随着多媒体技术、校园网建设和互联网技术的发展,原来滞后的教学方法势必影响高校计算机基础教学的效果。本文针对医学院校的计算机基础教育,着重探讨在新的历史时期Visual Basic的教学方法。 相似文献
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R Long 《中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志》1989,24(1):34-6, 63
One hundred and seventy patients with nasal polyps were studied. According to the history, skin tests with inhalant allergens, determination of serum nasal secretion and polyp fluid IgE, and X-ray films of nasal sinuses, it was suggested that 93.5% of them might have complicated with allergic diseases, 87.7% with sinusitis. A relationship between local IgE production and the eosinophil infiltration of polyps existed. This study suggests that allergic process acting locally on the mucous membrane of the nose is the etiologic factor and bacterial allergy probably contributes to the development of nasal polyps. In order to prevent the recurrence after polypectomy, antiallergic management combined with antibiotics and drainage of infected sinuses may be necessary in most cases. 相似文献
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Chuan-Bin Guo Nian-Hui Cui Guang-Yan Yu Ding-Xin Liu Shu-Cong Meng Qing Song 《Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery》2003,61(8):909-912
PURPOSES: Inhibition of cerulenin on the endogenous fatty acid synthetic activities of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal oral mucosa was assayed. METHODS: Squamous cell carcinoma and normal oral mucosa were collected fresh from surgical specimens. The collected tissues were minced in RPMI 1640 and divided into 3 groups: cerulenin treated, dimethylsulfoxide treated, and control. The tissues were incubated in [1(2)-(14)C]acetic acid, sodium salt for the last 2.5 hours of the treatment at 37 degrees C in 5% CO(2). After labeling, total lipids were extracted and counted for (14)C by scintillation counting. RESULTS: Endogenous fatty acid synthetic activities of oral squamous cell caranoma in the cerulenin-treated group decreased by 19% at 1 hour, 64% at 2 hours, and 87% at 4 hours; remained nearly unchanged in the dimethylsulfoxide-treated group; and increased slightly in the control group. The oral mucosa tissues were only mildly affected by cerulenin in fatty acid synthesis. CONCLUSIONS: Cerulenin significantly inhibits fatty acid synthetic activity in squamous cell carcinoma and only mildly affected the oral mucosa, indicating that the fatty acid synthetic pathway may be exploited as a target for developing anticancer drugs. 相似文献
18.
Scott Lozanoff Barbara A. Long David L. Singer John J. Deptuch 《Journal of clinical periodontology》1992,19(8):553-559
Deposits of dental plaque or calculus are typically quantified using planimetric techniques. However, error is introduced into a quantitative analysis of plaque deposits using these methods, since they require a significant amount of human intervention. The purpose of this study is to describe and validate a computerized imaging routine which has the potential to objectively identify material on dental roots and measure the area covered by these deposits. Dentiform teeth with simulated plaque were videorecorded. A computer routine was developed based on a flood-fill algorithm which analyzed images of the dentiform teeth and determined the amount of simulated plaque on their root surfaces. Results showed that the dentiform teeth and their simulated plaque patterns are duplicated by the imaging routine in a rapid and reliable fashion. The system shows a high degree of accuracy with an average error factor of only 0.58%. As well, the system enables precise reproducibility with an average error factor of only 0.71%. 相似文献
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Jing‐Long Huang Liang‐Shiou Ou Ching‐Hsiung Tsao Li‐Chen Chen Ming‐Ling Kuo 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2002,13(6):426-433
T lymphocytes play a fundamental role in the initiation and regulation of chronic inflammatory responses in patients with asthma. CD69 is an early marker of T‐cell activation. The levels of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1, CD54) and L ‐selectin have been reported to increase in patients with allergic diseases and asthma. The present study was therefore undertaken to investigate the expression of CD69, CD54, and L ‐selectin by T lymphocytes of children with asthma, before and after immunotherapy. Eighteen children newly diagnosed with asthma, 11 good and nine poor responders to immunotherapy, and 16 normal subjects, were enrolled in this study. The percentages of CD69+, CD54+, and CD62L+ cells in T lymphocytes were measured by using flow cytometry. The levels of CD69, CD54, and CD62L in serum and culture supernatants were determined by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of CD69 and CD54 on CD3+ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in children with asthma than in control patients. All the patient groups expressed (spontaneously and following stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin together with mite‐extract proteins) greater amounts of CD69 and CD54 than did control subjects. With long‐term immunotherapy, the percentages of CD69+ and CD54+ T lymphocytes were significantly lower in patients with a good response to immunotherapy. Our results also showed significantly lower serum L ‐selectin levels following immunotherapy. In conclusion, successful immunotherapy resulted in decreased expression and production of CD69 and CD54. These results may explain, in part, the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy. 相似文献
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