经自然腔道取标本手术在结直肠外科手术中的应用进展

随着腔镜技术的进一步发展以及微创理念应用于结直肠外科疾病的诊治中,结直肠相关疾病的诊治发生了翻天覆地的变化。由传统的经腹手术到腹腔镜手术、经自然腔道手术,再到经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES),结直肠疾病的外科诊治在微创领域取得了巨大成果。NOSES技术是目前结直肠外科在微创领域前沿的手术方式之一,它通过经直肠、阴道取标本来避免了腹壁的辅助取标本切口,从而将结直肠外科手术进一步微创化。NOSES技术集传统腹腔镜手术的优势与现代微创外科的理念于一体,它在确保手术效果的基础上集中体现了微创、加速康复外科、功能外科、"无疤"等理念的特点。本文主要就国内外各中心开展NOSES技术在结直肠外科诊治开展中的相关经验、心得和体会进行综述。     

Egg Intake Has No Adverse Association With Blood Lipids Or Glucose In Adolescent Girls

Objective: Longitudinal data on cardiometabolic effects of egg intake during adolescence are lacking. The current analyses aim to evaluate the impact of usual adolescent egg consumption on lipid levels, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance during late adolescence (age 17–20?years).

Methods: Data from 1392 girls, aged 9 to 10 at baseline and followed for 10?years, in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s National Growth and Health Study were used to examine the association between usual egg intake alone and in combination with other healthy lifestyle factors and late adolescent lipid levels, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance, measured as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Diet was assessed using 3-day food records during eight examination cycles. Girls were classified according to usual weekly egg intake, ages 9–17?years:?<1 egg/wk (n?=?361), 1 to <3 eggs/wk (n?=?703), and ≥3 eggs/wk (n?=?328). Analysis of covariance modeling was used to control for confounding by other behavioral and biological risk factors.

Results: Girls with low, moderate, and high egg intakes had adjusted low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of 99.7, 98.8, and 95.5 mg/dL, respectively (p?=?0.0778). In combination with higher intakes of fiber, dairy, or fruits and vegetables, these beneficial effects were stronger and statistically significant. There was no evidence that ≥3 eggs/wk had an adverse effect on lipids, glucose, or HOMA-IR. More active girls who consumed ≥3 eggs/wk had the lowest levels of insulin resistance.

Conclusion: These results suggest that eggs may be included as part of a healthy adolescent diet without adverse effects on glucose, lipid levels, or insulin resistance.     

外泌体在卵巢癌诊疗及转移中的研究进展

卵巢癌是妇科肿瘤领域内的一个热点主题。该种恶性肿瘤疾病的发病率高且隐匿,缺乏有效的早期发现及时诊断并治疗的方式,病情容易加重发生远处转移。因此罹患卵巢癌的女性5年生存率比较低。外泌体属于一类典型的囊性泡样的小体,参与肿瘤的发病及转移机制且在肿瘤疾病的治疗中起着重要作用。本篇综述主要介绍癌细胞外泌体在卵巢恶性肿瘤疾病的诊断、转移及治疗中的研究现状。     

医科大学医学生健康教育培训需求度和满意度现状分析

目的 了解医学生学习《健康教育》课程的满意度、需求度现状及差异，为《健康教育》课程优化提供参考。方法 以某医科大学在校临床医学生为研究对象，分析医学生对课程内容的需求度和满意度及二者差异。课程内容包括服药依从性、戒烟干预、合理膳食、心理压力管理、中医康复技术、慢性传染病健康教育、急性传染病健康教育、移动健康技术教育、运动康复指导及健康促进理论。采用频数和构成比指标进行统计描述，采用卡方检验进行健康教育课程学习情况与专业/ 学制之间、相关课程内容学习的需求度与学制的差异，相关课程内容学习需求度与满意度的关联比较采用秩和检验。以P ＜ 0.05 为差异具有统计学意义。结果 戒烟干预、合理膳食、心理压力管理、中医康复技术、慢性传染病健康教育、急性传染病健康教育、移动健康技术教育及健康促进理论八项的学习需求度在长学制医学生与五年制医学生中的总体分布位置不同（U ＝ 2.4、2.2、2.5、2.3、2.4、2.4、2.3、2.0，P 均＜ 0.05）；服药依从性、戒烟干预、合理膳食、心理压力管理、慢性传染病健康教育、急性传染病健康教育、移动健康技术教育及运动康复指导八项的满意度与需求度之间的总体位置分布不同（U ＝ 6.2、5.2、7.2、9.2、5.9、6.1、2.1、3.2，P 均＜ 0.05）；不同学制的医学生对于慢性病人、老年人、孕产妇、传染病人、高危人群和职业暴露人群的健康教育重点关注人群侧重有所不同，其差异具有统计学意义（χ2 ＝ 8.9、14.2、9.9、6.9、23.9、17.8，P 均＜ 0.05）；在教学方式上，不同学制的医学生对于教师课堂讲授和小组讨论的偏好上的差异具有统计学意义（χ2=6.3、9.5，P 均＜ 0.05）。结论 当前健康教育课程的教学内容和结构未能完全满足不同学制、年级医学生的学习需求，需要对课程教学内容、教学方式和开设时间进行进一步的优化设计。     

The oncogenic impact of RNF2 on cell proliferation,invasion and migration through EMT on mammary carcinoma

Mammary carcinoma (MC) is one of most common malignancy in women, and ring finger protein 2 (RNF2) possesses various roles in vast human tumors. In MC tissues as well as in cell lines RNF2 exhibited high expression, had significant association with tumor size, lymph node status, TNM stage, patients’ poor survival, and promoted cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration and invasion of MC cell lines which was mediated by downregulation of E-cadherin protein. These data reveal that RNF2 protein plays a vital role in the development of MC and may be a potential therapy target of MC.