Melatonin induces apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells through HDAC4 nuclear import mediated by CaMKII inactivation

Melatonin induces apoptosis in many different cancer cell lines, including colorectal cancer. However, the precise mechanisms involved remain largely unresolved. In this study, we provide evidence to reveal a new mechanism by which melatonin induces apoptosis of colorectal cancer LoVo cells. Melatonin at pharmacological concentrations significantly suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose‐dependent manner. The observed apoptosis was accompanied by the melatonin‐induced dephosphorylation and nuclear import of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4). Pretreatment with a HDAC4‐specific siRNA effectively attenuated the melatonin‐induced apoptosis, indicating that nuclear localization of HDAC4 is required for melatonin‐induced apoptosis. Moreover, constitutively active Ca²⁺/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II alpha (CaMKIIα) abrogated the melatonin‐induced HDAC4 nuclear import and apoptosis of LoVo cells. Furthermore, melatonin decreased H3 acetylation on bcl‐2 promoter, leading to a reduction of bcl‐2 expression, whereas constitutively active CaMKIIα(T286D) or HDAC4‐specific siRNA abrogated the effect of melatonin. In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that melatonin‐induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer LoVo cells largely depends on the nuclear import of HDAC4 and subsequent H3 deacetylation via the inactivation of CaMKIIα.     

肌少症对老年肝癌术后恢复及预后的影响

目的:肌少症对老年肝癌术后恢复及预后的影响。方法:选取2015年1月至2017年12月收治的114例老年肝癌，根据有无合并肌少症，分为肌少症组（n=35）和非肌少症组（n=79）。比较两组患者的术后恢复及生存情况。结果:肌少症组总并发症发生率、住院时间和30 d再入院率均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。肌少症组中位生存时间为25.9个月，1年、2年、3年累积总生存率为74.3%、51.1%、24.5%，而非肌少症组中位生存时间为35.7个月，1年、2年、3年累积总生存率为87.3%、75.6%、49.4%，差异有统计学意义（P=0.004）。单因素分析结果显示，老年肝癌术后预后与Charlson合并症指数（CCI）、肌少症、巴塞罗那分期（BCLC）、甲胎蛋白、肿瘤大小、肿瘤个数、肿瘤分化程度、微血管侵犯（MVI）相关（P＜0.05）。Cox多因素分析结果显示，CCI、肌少症、BCLC分期、肿瘤个数、MVI是老年肝癌术后预后的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论:肌少症会增加老年肝癌患者术后并发症发生率，延长住院时间，影响术后恢复，同时也会降低总生存率。     

Effect of group reminiscence therapy on depression and perceived meaning of life of veterans diagnosed with dementia at veteran homes

ABSTRACT

Most senior veterans who live in veteran homes in Taiwan have few interpersonal relationships. Aging is often accompanied by solitude and illness, which causes senior veterans to doubt the meaning of life and to lose confidence in the value of life. This study tested the effectiveness of a group reminiscence therapy protocol on the depression and meaning of life among elderly institutionalized veterans. A quasi-experimental design was applied. A convenience sample of older adults was drawn from two veteran homes in southern Taiwan. Participants were assigned to intervention or control groups based on the veterans' homes they attended. The participants in the intervention group carried out group reminiscence therapy for 8 weeks in addition to their daily activities. The participants in the comparison group maintained their daily activities. Both groups were evaluated using the GDS-SF and MLS scale including two aspects of depression mood and meaning of life in weeks 1 and 8. The overall life satisfaction increased significantly over time for the intervention group compared to the comparison group from week 1 to week 8. The group reminiscence therapy programs showed promising effects in improving the depression and meaning of life of older veterans living in veteran homes.     

四方联动防跌护理在社区跌倒高危老年人中的应用

目的探讨专科护士-社区护士-个体-家庭四方联动防跌护理模式在社区跌倒高危老年人中的应用与效果。方法选取深圳市龙岗区的2个社区,随机分为观察组和对照组,从两个社区登记建档的跌倒高风险老年居民中分别随机抽选45名进行干预。观察组采用"专科护士-社区护士-个体-家庭"四方联动推进的综合干预方案。对照组接受社区防跌倒常规护理。于干预前及干预后12个月使用修订版社区老年人跌倒危险评估量表、步态和平衡测试量表对两组老年人进行评测,记录两组1年内跌倒发生例次。结果干预期间跌倒发生情况:观察组1人次,对照组6人次。观察组步态和平衡测试得分提高,跌倒危险评估表得分降低,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P0.01)。结论四方联动的综合干预方案应用于社区居家老年人,能有效降低老年人跌倒风险,提升其防跌能力,对预防社区老年人跌倒的发生有积极作用。