Impact of gluten consumption in patients with functional dyspepsia: A case–control study

Background and Aim

Dietary factors and immune dysfunction may induce symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). The aim of the study was to evaluate whether gluten consumption impacts symptom onset in patients with FD and to evaluate for possible histologic alterations in the duodenum of patients with FD.

Methods

We prospectively enrolled 101 patients newly diagnosed with FD and 31 asymptomatic controls. Specific FD symptoms and gluten consumption patterns were evaluated by self‐reported questionnaires. Tight junction protein (claudin‐1) expression and presence of intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) infiltration in the bulb (D1) and second portion (D2) of the duodenum were assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Results

Wheat bun consumption had higher frequency (P = 0.047) and increased average consumption (P = 0.01) scores in patients with FD compared with the control group. Of the 101 patients with FD, early satiety (P = 0.03) was associated with increased wheat bun consumption frequency score. On histologic evaluation, claudin‐1 expression was decreased in D1 (0.003 ± 0.001 vs 0.012 ± 0.002, P = 0.003) and D2 (0.002 ± 0.0004 vs 0.012 ± 0.001, P < 0.001), while duodenal IEL counts were increased in D1 (15.5 ± 7.8 vs 3.1 ± 2.5, P < 0.001) and D2 (20.6 ± 7.7 vs 5.8 ± 3.4, P < 0.001) among patients with FD compared with the control group. Finally, Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with increased IELs in D1 (20.6 ± 7.0 vs 14.2 ± 7.4, P = 0.001) among patients with FD.

Conclusions

Among patients with FD, gluten‐rich food may lead to symptom onset, specifically early satiety. Intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction characterized by decreased claudin‐1 expression and mucosal immune activation demonstrated by IEL infiltration may contribute to the pathogenesis of FD.     

内镜下肠道金属支架治疗结直肠恶性梗阻的临床疗效

目的探讨内镜下肠道金属支架安置术(SEMs)治疗结直肠恶性肿瘤梗阻的疗效和安全性。方法纳入2011年1月-2014年5月南华大学附属第一医院消化内科和胃肠外科收治的因结直肠恶性梗阻行SEMs的患者108例,回顾分析该技术的临床成功率及短期并发症发生情况。结果 108例患者中,金属支架安置成功率92.59%(100/108)。术后并发症以腹痛、穿孔及出血为主,发生率分别为16.67%(18/108)、7.41%(8/108)及6.48%(7/108),穿孔均行急诊手术治疗,其他均自行缓解。结论肠道SEMs成功率高,可以有效缓解结直肠恶性梗阻,不仅可以作为姑息性治疗的手段,还可以作为外科手术的桥梁,提高患者生存质量,临床上值得推广。     

老年股骨颈骨折患者内固定术后发生股骨头坏死的危险因素

目的探讨老年股骨颈骨折患者经闭合复位内固定治疗后股骨头坏死的发生率及危险因素。方法选取行闭合复位内固定治疗的192例老年股骨颈骨折患者病例资料。统计术后股骨头坏死的发生率,并将患者分为股骨头坏死组(36例)和无股骨头坏死组(156例)。收集患者性别、年龄、基础疾病、骨折侧别、骨折分型、受伤至手术时间、复位质量、内固定物是否取出等影响因素,采用单因素和Logistic多因素分析股骨头坏死的危险因素。结果 192例患者术后随访1~3年,36例(18.8%)发生股骨头坏死,发生时间为(1.1±0.4)年。单因素分析显示:高龄、高骨折分型、受伤至手术时间>1周、复位质量差、内固定物未取出是患者发生股骨头坏死的危险因素。Logistic回归分析显示:骨折移位、受伤至手术时间>1周、复位质量差、内固定物取出是患者发生股骨头坏死的独立危险因素。结论内固定术后老年股骨颈骨折患者易发生股骨头坏死,而骨折移位、受伤至手术时间>1周、复位质量差、内固定物取出是患者发生股骨头坏死的独立危险因素。     

Utilization of phosphate rock as a sole source of phosphorus for uranium biomineralization mediated by Penicillium funiculosum

In this work, uranium(vi) biomineralization by soluble ortho-phosphate from decomposition of the phosphate rock powder, a cheap and readily available material, was studied in detail. Penicillium funiculosum was effective in solubilizing P from the phosphate rock powder, and the highest concentration of the dissolved phosphate reached 220 mg L⁻¹ (pH = 6). A yellow precipitate was immediately formed when solutions with different concentrations of uranium were treated with PO₄³⁻-containing fermentation broth, and the precipitate was identified as chernikovite by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray powder diffraction. Our study showed that the concentrations of uranium in solutions can be decreased to the level lower than maximum contaminant limit for water (50 μg L⁻¹) by the Environmental Protection Agency of China when Penicillium funiculosum was incubated for 22 days in the broth containing 5 g L⁻¹ phosphate rock powder.

In this work, uranium(vi) biomineralization by soluble ortho-phosphate from decomposition of the phosphate rock powder, a cheap and readily available material, was studied in detail.     

综合心理行为干预对首发精神分裂症患者康复效果的影响

目的：探讨综合行为干预对首发精神分裂症患者社会功能和生活质量康复效果的影响。方法将60例首发精神分裂症患者采用随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组,每组30例,对照组在常规应用利培酮治疗的同时给予精神科基础护理,干预组在此基础上实施综合行为干预。采用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）、简明精神病评定量表（BPRS）评定疗效;社会功能缺陷筛查量表（SDSS）评定患者的社会功能;生活满意度量表（SWLS）评定患者的生活质量;大体评定量表（GAS）评定患者的大体病情。比较两组患者护理干预前、干预后6周末、12周末和18周末各量表评分。结果实施综合行为干预措施后干预组患者的PANSS 总分为（17．90±4．20）分,其中阳性症状为（8．67±2．77）分、阴性症状为（9．30±2．78）分,一般精神病理症状为（20．80±4．25）分,均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（ t分别为7．74,5．32,5．90,3．72;P＜0．01）;SDSS评分为（13．80±3．99）分、SWLS评分为（15．43±4．01）分、BPRS＆amp;nbsp;评分（22．63±4．15）分也均低于对照组,GAS评分为（78．00±14．42）分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（t分别为4．85,7．41,5．77,6．83;P＜0．01）。结论综合行为干预措施有助于改善首发精神分裂症患者的精神症状,提高患者的社会功能和生活质量。     

高血压左心室肥厚与心肌原癌基因c-fos的表达

目的研究细胞核内原癌基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ在高血压左室肥厚（ＬＶＨ）发生、发展过程中的作用。方法采用两种高血压模型即自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）和两肾一夹型（２Ｋ１Ｃ）肾血管性高血压大鼠，观察在高血压所致ＬＶＨ的不同阶段，收缩压（ＳＢＰ）、左室重／体重比（ＬＶＷ／ＢＷ）及左心室ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达水平的变化。结果ＳＨＲ在８～１０周龄时已有明显的高血压和ＬＶＨ，其ＳＢＰ与ＬＶＷ／ＢＷ均显著高于对照的ＷＫＹ大鼠，左心室ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达水平与ＷＫＹ大鼠相比，差异无显著性，但二者均较高。２０～２２周龄与４０～４２周龄时，ＳＨＲ的ＳＢＰ、ＬＶＷ／ＢＷ及左室ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达水平明显高于对照组ＷＫＹ大鼠。２Ｋ１Ｃ大鼠左肾动脉缩窄１周后就有明显的ＬＶＨ，其ＬＶＷ／ＢＷ较假手术组大鼠显著升高（２．９０±０．１３ｖｓ２．５７±０．１５，Ｐ＜０．０５），同时伴左室ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因的高表达，至术后３周、１０周仍保持较高水平。钙拮抗剂尼群地平和血管紧张素ＡＴ１受体拮抗剂ｌｏｓａｒｔａｎ治疗１０周后均可使２Ｋ１Ｃ大鼠左室ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达水平降低。结论心肌原癌基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ的高表达可能参与高血压ＬＶＨ的发生、发展过程。     

Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha as a costimulatory signal for mast cell-mediated immediate hypersensitivity reactions

Regulation of the immune response requires the cooperation of multiple signals in the activation of effector cells. For example, T cells require signals emanating from both the TCR for antigen (upon recognition of MHC/antigenic peptide) and receptors for costimulatory molecules (e.g., CD80 and CD60) for full activation. Here we show that IgE-mediated reactions in the conjunctiva also require multiple signals. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions in the conjunctiva were inhibited in mice deficient in macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) despite normal numbers of tissue mast cells and no decrease in the levels of allergen-specific IgE. Treatment of sensitized animals with neutralizing antibodies with specificity for MIP-1alpha also inhibited hypersensitivity in the conjunctiva. In both cases (MIP-1alpha deficiency and antibody treatment), the degranulation of mast cells in situ was affected. In vitro sensitization assays showed that MIP-1alpha is indeed required for optimal mast cell degranulation, along with cross-linking of the high-affinity IgE receptor, FcepsilonRI. The data indicate that MIP-1alpha constitutes an important second signal for mast cell degranulation in the conjunctiva in vivo and consequently for acute-phase disease. Antagonizing the interaction of MIP-1alpha with its receptor CC chemokine receptor 1 (CCR1) or signal transduction from CCR1 may therefore prove to be effective as an antiinflammatory therapy on the ocular surface.     

支气管肺泡灌洗在治疗重症哮喘患者中的效果观察及护理

目的 探讨支气管肺泡灌洗在治疗重症哮喘患者中的治疗效果及护理经验.方法 对24例重症哮喘患者在机械通气的基础上采用纤支镜支气管肺泡灌洗治疗,观察和比较支气管肺泡灌洗前后患者动脉血气及气道阻力变化情况和观察灌洗过程中不良反应及并发症发生情况.结果 支气管肺泡灌洗后患者动脉氧分压( PaO2)、血氧饱和度(SaO2)较灌洗前升高,气道峰压(PIP)较灌洗前降低,灌洗前后比较,均P＜0.01,差异具有统计学意义;在灌洗过程中患者未出现严重的并发症.结论 在机械通气的基础上采用纤支镜下支气管肺泡灌洗是治疗重症哮喘有效手段.做好灌洗前后的护理是保证治疗成功的关键.     

转化生长因子131在大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞移植修复梗死心肌中的作用

背景：人量研究显示,骨髓间党质干细胞是通过旁分泌作用,促使移植部位大量肌纤维母细胞聚集,分泌大量胶原蛋白,从而使梗死后心脏得到有利修复,并改善心脏收缩舒张功能。目的：探讨转化生长因予B1存大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞修复梗死心肌过程中的作用。方法：①体外实验：模拟心肌梗死后微环境培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,检测其分泌肿瘤坏死因子α、血小板衍生生长因子、转化生长因子β1浓度。②休内实验：将大鼠Brdu标记的骨髓间充质干细胞、转化生长因子131、PBS分别移植到梗死后心肌内,免疫细胞化学染色、PCR、Wester-blot等方法检测移植后大鼠心肌胶原蛋白Ⅰ、Ⅲ形成的差异。结果与结论：心肌梗死后微环境下培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞14d可检测到培养基内有高浓度转化生长因子G1。移植骨髓问充质干细胞、转化生长因子β1大鼠心肌部位可检测到肌纤维母细胞的聚集及胶原蛋白Ⅰ、Ⅲ表达。结果显示大鼠骨髓间充质千细胞移植梗死心肌后,可促进胶原蛋白Ⅰ、Ⅲ的生成,从而改善心脏收缩功能,其中骨髓间充质干细胞所分泌的转化生长因子β1可能发挥重要作用。