眼镜蛇人蛰前、蛰眠期和出蛰后血清激素与能量物质代谢的关系

本文研究眼镜蛇入蛰前、蛰眠期及出蛰后血清 T_3,T_4和皮质醇水平与体内能量物质的含量变化关系,探讨其与蛰眠行为的关系。结果表明入蛰前眼镜蛇大量摄食储能过冬,由于血清激素水平降低,控制了体内组织器官的氧化代谢系统,使新陈代谢逐渐下降。蛰眠期血糖血脂明显下降,耗氧量显著减少,呈节能低代谢状态。此期血清激素水平已升高,但低温抑制了体内代谢。出蛰后血清激素水平明显升高且在春暖升温季节使眼镜蛇代谢率升高。     

A reappraisal of appendicitis in the elderly

Historically, appendicitis in the elderly is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Ninety-six patients over 60 years of age with appendicitis treated over a 10-year period were reviewed. Only 20% presented classically with anorexia, fever, right lower quadrant pain, and an elevated white blood cell count. One third of the patients had greater than 48 hours delay to admission. Objective diagnostic testing was often confusing and unreliable. At the time of admission, only 51% were diagnosed as having possible appendicitis. Eighty-three percent of our patients underwent surgery within 24 hours, and 72% had frank perforation. Thirty-two percent of those surviving developed complications, and 83% of these patients had perforated appendicitis. Complications were twice as likely in patients with perforation. Despite the relatively high morbidity, there were only four deaths in patients with coexistent carcinoma. Because of the later and atypical presentation of appendicitis in this age group, a high index of suspicion and early operation are important in avoiding perforation and subsequent morbidity.     

腰椎峡部裂的CT诊断

目的：回顾性分析腰椎峡部裂的ＣＴ表现并讨论其诊断与鉴别诊断，材料与方法，２３例患先行腰椎侧位扫描定位图像，采用与椎间盘平行的角度，自病变脊椎的上一椎体下缘边续发描至于下椎体上缘，层厚４或５ｍｍ必要时在峡部行２ｍｍ，层厚扫描，结果；２３例中，累及双侧２１例，单侧２例，发生在Ｌ５１６例，Ｌ４７例，ＣＴ表现为同一脊椎关节突间的低密度裂隙，出瑞椎弓根下缘平面，走行不规则，裂隙可宽可窄，表面不光滑。     

血清LSA测定在恶性肿瘤临床诊断中的初步应用

本文根据Svennerholm和蒋谷人等的方法略加改良,测定了蚌埠地区113例正常人,71例恶性肿瘤患者和82例非肿瘤疾病患者血清脂质结合唾液酸(LSA)的含量。正常值为12.4mg/dl(SD=±3.6mg/dl),71例不同肿瘤患者的平均值为28.2mg/dl(SD=±9.7mg/dl),阳性率为88.7％,82例非肿瘤疾病患者的平均值为16.82mg/dl(SD=±5.4mg/dl),假阳性率为17％。方法的灵敏度,重复性(平均CV=3.6％)和回收率(平均回收率=101.4％)测定结果是满意的。本研究的初步结果表明,血清LSA测定对肺癌、白血病、胃癌和食管癌具有一定的临床诊断价值。     

干性型老年黄斑变性60例随访观察

探刊干性型老年黄斑变性（age-related macular deganeration，AMD)的病变发展特征并 寻找监测AMD病情进展的较敏感指标。 方法：用眼底彩色照相和眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)、明视视网膜电囤(ERG)、FM100-hue 色彩试验及视力检查，对60例(111眼)50~80岁、视力≤1.0的干性型AMD患者进行3～74个月(平均30.2个月)的随访观察。 结果：本组68眼经FFA检查、平均25.6个月随访，其中25%的患眼病灶损害有快慢不一的发展．全部111眼视力在平均30.2个月随访中有18%患眼的视力下降2行以下，且与病灶进展相符，FM100-hue 色彩试验的被随访者中，随访2年以后，其总错误分明显的增加(P<0.01)．63眼的明视ERG在随访过程中无明显变化。 结论：大部分干性AMD患眼的病灶损害和视力可以在较长时间内维持稳定。FM100—hue的总错误分可能为监测AMD病情进展的较敏感指标． （中华眼底病杂志，1997，13：150-152）     

腹腔镜在异位妊娠中的诊断和治疗价值

本文分析1982～1987年间收治的544例异位妊娠,其中270例行腹腔镜检查、274例未作腹腔镜检查。两组资料相比提示:腹腔镜检查组诊断符合率高达97.40％;由于能及早明确诊断,故该组腹腔内出血量比未作腹腔镜检查组少,平均为241m1/372ml(P<0.05),需输血例数明显减少30例(11.11％)/134例(48.90％)(P<0.01),输卵管未破裂者增高222例(82.22％)/194例(70.80％)(P<0.01)。270例无术后并发症发生。上述给年轻不孕患者作非手术治疗或输卵管保守手术以保留生育功能提供良好条件。     

Hereditary characteristics of enzyme deficiency and dermatoglyphics in congenital color blindness

The hereditary characteristics of enzyme deficiency and dermatoglyphics in congenital color blindness (CCB) were studied. We propose that there is a linkage between the two loci on the X-chromosome determining CCB and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), based on our study of a high incidence of G6PD deficiency in 156 male cases with CCB. The CCB gene is closely linked with that of G6PD deficiency from our pedigree investigations. The rise in the frequency of eight or more whorls, the low value of atd angle and the presenting rate of real palmar patterns of the thenar, hypothenar and I, areas presented the hereditary traits of congenital color blindness.     

The electrophysiological effects of dicentrine on the conduction system of rabbit heart.

1. The electrophysiological effects of dicentrine, an aporphine alkaloid isolated from the root of Lindera megaphylla, were examined in the Langendorff perfused rabbit heart and rabbit isolated cardiac cells. 2. Standard electrophysiological characters were measured in the Langendorff perfused rabbit heart (control study) and after 5 min exposure to 1, 3 and 9 microM of dicentrine and during the subsequent recovery phase sequentially (n = 7). The same study protocols were performed in 0.5 to 4.5 microM quinidine (n = 7), 18 to 162 microM procainamide and N-acetylprocainamide (n = 7) for comparison. 3. The results showed that the spontaneously beating heart rate and the sinoatrial (SA) and atrioventricular nodal (AH) conduction time were not significantly affected by dicentrine but were significantly suppressed by the higher doses of quinidine (4.5 microM) and procainamide (162 microM). 4. The His-Purkinje conduction time was significantly increased by the higher dose of dicentrine, quinidine and procainamide. 5. The ventricular repolarization time and its effective refractory period were significantly increased by the higher dose of dicentrine and the other agents. 6. The effective refractory period of the atrium, AV node and His-Purkinje system were also significantly increased by dicentrine and the other agents. 7. A voltage clamp study revealed that the prolongation of atrial action potential duration by dicentrine (9 microM) was associated with a significant inhibition of the transient potassium outward current. As well as inhibition of the transient outward current, a significant inhibition of the sodium inward current by dicentrine was found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

蛭弧菌与微生物污染的相互关系探讨

本文在实验室条件下动态观察了蛭弧菌含量与微生物污染的相互关系。结果表明：蛭弧菌含量的增加滞后于水体污染，而污染过后蛭弧菌则可在较长时间内维持较高水平，这一特性在水污染指示中的可能作用值得进一步探讨。     

儿童玩具噪声的影响及控制对策

本文对多种不同年龄组适宜的玩具进行声级监测，并根据其特点及声级特征归纳为７种类型，同时对有儿童家庭及其近邻进行了访问调查，绘出了玩具噪声对居民干扰程度图，通过对部分儿童的调查，给出了儿童对玩具噪声的主观反应情况；通过完成认知试验心理指标的测定，给出了经常使用电子游戏机学龄儿童与对照组ＬＭＴ和ＭＴＳ各项指标的比较，最后综合各项指标及结果提出了建议声级值，并对控制玩具噪声提出了可能的方法。